Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The records of 31 patients with carcinoma of the proximal bile ducts were reviewed and the operative procedures, results, causes of deaths and autopsy findings were analyzed and correlated. Ten poor risk patients were treated by external drainage and died of jaundice or abscesses of the liver within six months. However, one patient survived 13 months after effective bilateral drainage. Twelve patients underwent intubation through the tumor into the hepatic ducts with or without postoperative irradiation. Four patients with irradiation survived 42, 15, 15 and ten months, while eight patients without irradiation died within six months. Autopsy findings of two patients who survived 15 months revealed metastases to the various organs. Four patients underwent resection. A patient who underwent resection of the common hepatic duct and hepaticoduodenostomy died of ascending cholangitis nine months postoperatively, while a patient treated by resection of the common hepatic duct with hepaticojejunostomy died of a recurrence 25 months postoperatively. Two patients underwent left hepatic lobectomy and resection of the right hepatic duct followed by hepatojejunostomy. One patient survived 25 months and died of a reccurrence, while the other patient died of abscesses of the liver ten months postoperatively.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the proximal bile ducts. 7 64

In 53 p.c. of 175 patients with bronchial carcinoma the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was elevated at the time of diagnosis. In patients with small well bordered tumors (T 1/2) 31 p.c. proved pathological CEA-values in comparison to 80 p.c. in patients with heamatogenic metastases. After radical tumor resection (36 patients) elevated CEA-levels returned to normal ranges within 5 weeks. No decrease could be observed after palliative operations (16 patients). If there existed haematogenic metastases normal CEA-values increased postoperative. Such an increase occured up to ten weeks before metastases could be found by other methods. In cases of bronchial carcinoma CEA-measurements are usefull to evaluate the effect of operation and in the follow up time. It should be carried out on principle in those patients which can be considered for a surgical therapy.
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PMID:[The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in bronchial carcinoma before and after operation (author's transl)]. 7 67

Current therapy for metastatic non-seminomatous testis tumors is effective but toxic. Careful investigation is needed to select those who need treatment and yet avoid needless toxicity in patients who have no disease. Current radiographic investigations and measurement of two biochemical tumor markers (AFP & BHCG) provided accurate monitoring in 19 patients. Preoperative urography and lymphography correctly predicted the presence or absence of retroperitoneal metastases in 9 of 12 patients but did not show microsocpic metastases in 3. There was good correlation between the clinical, readiographic and biochemical evidence of disease progression and regression. Serial ultrasonography and tumor marker determinations were particularly useful in following asymptomatic abdominal metastases. Radiography and tumor marker determinations each have specific advantages which make them complementary.
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PMID:Radiologic, clinical and biochemical features of non-seminomatous testicular tumors. 7 61

Survival factors of 86 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were studied by computer analysis. Cumulative survival was 53 per cent at 6 months, 43 per cent at 1 year, 26 per cent at 2 years and 13 per cent at 5 years. Survival was influenced favorably by confinement of metastases to the lungs, by the absence of local recurrence or persistence of tumor and by a longer interval free of disease after removal of the primary tumor. Medical therapy improved survival during the first year after diagnosis of metastases but no objective regression of tumor was observed. Excision of metastatic foci significantly improved survival for up to 5 years (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.02) after which most patients died of recurrence. Palliative or adjunctive nephrectomy in patients with metastases was associated with a 6 per cent mortality rate but it increases survival over other patients with metastases at the time of diagnosis of renal carcinoma who did not undergo nephrectomy. This difference was owing to patient selection and survival of those who had adjunctive nephrectomy was no greater than that of the study population as a whole. However, based on the factors that were associated with improved survival palliative nephrectomy may be beneficial when a limited number of metastases treatable by excision or radiation therapy are present, when effective systemic therapy exists or when the primary tumor produces severe symptoms.
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PMID:The natural history of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a computer analysis. 7 92

The studies reported here explore the relationship between tumor-specific transplantation antigens (TSTA) and (1) the expression of serologically defined specificities, and (2) the immunogenicity of H-2K- or H-2D-determined alloantigens on methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced murine fibrosarcomas. Expression of H-2K and H-2D serologically-detected private specificities on groups of tumors raised in B10.A, B10.BR or B10.D2 strains varied greatly among tumors. No regular reciprocal or direct relationship to tumor TSTA strength was found. Each tumor, however, expressed H-2K or H-2D alloantigens stably as determined by direct cytotoxicity or absorption techniques. Even those tumors expressing little or no detectable alloantigen by serologic analysis were immunogenic in H-2K or H-2D incompatible congeneic hosts. This was assayed in terms of capacity to evoke primary or secondary tumor resistance, and to induce allo-antibody toward private H-2K or H-2D end specificities. An exception was that B10.BR tumors failed to induce anti-H-2Dk antibody despite strong surface alloantigen expression. While TSTA strength did not correlate with serologically detected alloantigen expression, TSTA strength did tend to correlate inversely with capacity to resist primary growth in the H-2K different host, and directly with resistance in the H-2D different host.
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PMID:Relationship of tumor-specific transplantation antigens to the histocompatibility complex: dissociation of in vitro alloantigen expression and in vivo alloimmunity from tumor-specific transplantation antigen strength. 7 60

The results of a retrospective three year study of forty-six patients with cancer of the liver treated with regional intraarterial infusion of 5-FU are reported. No primary mortality was noted. Oblective overall remission rate was 43 per cent. Overall median survival from onset of treatment was six months. The one year survival rate was 33 per cent and the two year survival rate 11 per cent. Patients with an objective response had a significantly prolonged survival as compared with nonresponders, especially in the colorectal group: sixteen months versus four months. Survival was not related to tumor size and involvement of the liver. During treatment 42 per cent of the patients developed extrahepatic metastases. Quality of life was improved in 63 per cent of the patients. The results indicate that infusion therapy induces reasonable response and palliation but is inadequate for the control of extrahepatic tumor growth.
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PMID:Treatment of liver cancer with regional intraarterial 5-FU infusion. 8 16

The present experiments demonstrate that animals carrying large peripheral intramuscular tumours were free of spontaneous pulmonary metastases. Secondaries in the lung emerged, however, after administration of agents such as trypsin, 10% dextrose or antiserum to alpha-2-macroglobulin (AMG). Such metastases also appeared in animals treated with trypsin after amputation of the tumour-bearing limb. It is believed that the pulmonary vessels of tumour-bearing animals are lined with a layer of tumour-associated AMG. The presence of this peptide on vascular endothelium blocks the transmigration of tumour cells. Tumour emboli may remain dormant, i.e. unattached, in the vascular lumen. Agents inactivating AMG or enhancing vascular permeability (proteases, antisera to AMG or vasodilators) may promote the emergence of a latent tumour cell into an overt state. This is confirmed by the above experiments and by the microscopic appearance of the pulmonary vessels of test animals (shift of tumour cells from the intravascular to the perivascular space). It is suggested that latency is determined by the state of permeability of the vessels harbouring tumour emboli.
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PMID:On the latency of tumour cells. 8 78

From the radiological point of view it can be concluded that: 1. Patients suffering from lung tumors usually seek treatment in an advanced stage of the disease. 2. In about one third of the cases, there is a manifestation of extrathoracic metastases already at the commencement of therapy. 3. Significant X-ray therapy depends on a) radiosensibility of the tumor to X-rays, b) the site and extent of the tumor. Although limited in its application, radiotherapy does not only improve the situation of the patient but also leads to a regression or temporary X-ray induced standstill of the growth of the tumor. However, if it is used as the sole treatment, it would scarcely lead to a permanent improvement. As recent advances in the treatment of lung tumors show, X-ray therapy combined with polychemotherapy will not only lengthen the survival time of the patient but will also improve the patient's life in general.
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PMID:[Radiotherapy in bronchial neoplasms]. 8 40

Human alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP) and chroiongonadotropin (hCG) have been studied in 67 patients with malignant germ cell neoplasia of the testis admitted to the Radium Centre, Aarhus Municipal Hospital within an 18 month period. In 34 patients with nonseminoma, AFP was elevated in 35% of cases and hCG in 38% of cases. Nonseminoma patients who presented with or developed distant metastases showed a significantly higher incidence of elevated tumor markers than patients with local or regional disease. In patients with distant metastases monitoring of AFP and/or hCG was a most sensitive and reliable indicator of disease activity. In the management of such patients these tests are as important as clinical and x-ray examinations.
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PMID:Serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin as markers for the effect of postoperative radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy in testicular cancer. 8 74

Cancer is now the second most frequent cause of death in the Federal Republic of Germany. According to medical estimates, surgery is the primary treatment for 80-90% of all tumors, and it is curative in 30-40% with or without concomitant radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is potentially curative in about 7%, immunotherapy in only +/- 0%. After a general discussion of radical and palliative operative techniques, the place of surgery in prophylactic indications, in recurrences, and in metastases is dealt with. Special problems occur in various organ tumors (thyroid, breast, esophagus, stomach, colon, and Wilms' tumors). In Heidelberg, an interdisciplinary oncologic group has been in existence since 1966; this group forms the basis of a tumor center, consisting of the two academic clinics and the German Cancer Research Center. Whether a speciality in surgical oncology is also needed in Germany is a question for further consideration.
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PMID:[The place of surgery in the modern treatment of cancer (author's transl)]. 8 20


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