Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors presented in their first note generalities concerning the normal and pathological structure of bone marrow (BM), based on their personal experience (1,500 BMB) and on the literature. A short historical survey and the adopted research method are presented. The advantage of Burkhardt's myelotomy with its technical process by embedding in synthetic resins to avoid decalcification are discussed. The authors have used Jamshidi's cannula (or some other similar needle) with the subsequent embedding in paraffin after decalcification. Further papers will analyse the approach, by BMB, of the myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplasia, lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease, cancer metastases and medullar aplasia.
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PMID:Bone marrow biopsy (BMB). I. Generalities, material and method, normal structure of bone marrow, pathological conditions. 252 55

A 67-yr-old woman had follicular thyroid carcinoma metastatic to several osseous sites. There was also evidence of functioning pulmonary metastases. She was treated by total thyroidectomy and multiple doses of radioiodide (131I). Approximately 2.5 yr after the initial ablative dose, and a total dose of 820 mCi of sodium iodide 131I, preleukemic changes were noted in the bone marrow. This appears to be the second case of preleukemia that bears a temporal relationship to radioiodide therapy of thyroid carcinoma, and the first in which radioiodide alone has been used in therapy (without additional external radiation).
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PMID:Preleukemia following large dose radioiodide therapy for metastatic thyroid carcinoma. 361 95

Aquagenic pruritus has been reported in association with a variety of underlying disorders including polycythaemia rubra vera, myelodysplastic syndrome, the hypereosinophilic syndrome and juvenile xanthogranuloma. However, in most cases the aetiology is unknown. The onset of intractable aquagenic pruritus is reported in a fit 71-year-old lady; however, 10 months later she was found to have hepatic metastases arising from a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix treated 15 years previously. The occurrence of these two relatively rare conditions is likely to be coincidental. None the less, the close temporal relationship between the onset of aquagenic pruritus and the hepatic metastases raises the possibility of a true association. Aquagenic pruritus may be associated with a wider variety of underlying disorders than previously reported. Intractable symptoms of recent onset in a patient with a past history of cancer should be investigated.
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PMID:Aquagenic pruritus associated with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. 803 92

The prognosis for patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is poor, but the survival of affected children has been markedly prolonged by treatment with the epipodophyllotoxin derivatives etoposide and teniposide and by bone marrow transplantation. Secondary malignancies following epipodophyllotoxin therapy, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), have recently been reported. We describe a 9-year-old boy, treated with epipodophyllotoxins for FHL since he was 3 years old, who developed MDS. He was administered etoposide (cumulative doses of 6.9 g/m2 intravenously and 13.6 g/m2 orally) and teniposide (3.4 g/m2 intravenously), but no other systemic antineoplastic drugs. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a child with FHL developing MDS or AML. Moreover, MDS or AML following administration of epipodophyllotoxins as the sole systemic chemotherapeutic drug has not been reported previously. Supportive treatments, including the use of immunomodulating drugs, may reduce the risk for secondary leukemia in patients with FHL.
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PMID:Myelodysplastic syndrome following epipodophyllotoxin therapy in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. 831 65

A number of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs have become extremely interesting in the search for potential BRMs in the international medical community, especially in the United States and Japan. Naturin, a new Chinese medical herb produced by XingYa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., has enhanced immune response, inhibited tumor metastases and retroviral infection in animal models as well as in clinical studies. The results demonstrated that the inhibition of Natural Killer (NK) and Lymphokine-activated Killer (LAK) cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation was compromised by tumor metastases and retrovirus infection (Murine AIDS), even immunosuppression induced by surgical amputation can be restored by Naturin. It is also shown that Naturin can protect the mice from lethal total body irradiation. These studies indicated that Naturin possesses immunomodulatory effects in vivo for a broad range of stresses. The results of the clinical studies on Naturin have demonstrated: (a) significantly improved symptoms of patients, including MDS, acute and chronic leukemia, aplastic anemia, lung cancer, and association with the increased number and percentage of CD4 (Helper T-cell) which have been reduced in some patients, (b) Lymphocyte proliferation and NK cell activity which were suppressed in cancer patients can be significantly restored by Naturin treatment, (c) the addition of Naturin treatment to patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy augments immune response and reduces radiation and chemotherapy injury, and (d) no cytotoxic side effects were found in patients given Naturin treatment for up to eight months.
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PMID:Naturin: a potent bio-immunomodifier in experimental studies and clinical trials. 874 1

One hundred nineteen patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease (HD) received high-dose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. Three preparatory regimens, selected on the basis of prior therapy and pulmonary status, were employed. Twenty-six patients without a history of prior chest or pelvic irradiation were treated with fractionated total body irradiation, etoposide (VP) 60 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide (Cy) 100 mg/kg. Seventy-four patients received BCNU 15 mg/kg with identical doses of VP and Cy. A group of 19 patients with a limited diffusing capacity or history of pneumonitis received a novel high-dose regimen consisting of CCNU 15 mg/kg, VP 60 mg/kg and Cy 100 mg/kg. Twenty-nine patients (24%) had failed induction therapy and 35 (29%) had progressive HD within 1 year of initial chemotherapy. At 4 years actuarial survival was 52%, event-free survival was 48% and freedom from progression (FFP) was 62%. No significant differences were seen in survival data with the three preparatory regimens. Six patients died within 100 days of transplantation and 5 died at a later date of transplant-related complications. Secondary malignancies have developed in 6 patients, including myelodysplasia/leukemia in four patients and solid tumors in two patients. Regression analysis identified systemic symptoms at relapse, disseminated pulmonary or bone marrow disease at relapse and more than minimal disease at the time of transplantation as significant prognostic factors for overall and event-free survival and FFP. Patients with none of these factors enjoyed an 85% FFP at 4 years compared with 41% for patients with one or more unfavorable prognostic factors (P = .0001). Our results confirm the efficacy of high-dose therapy and autografting in recurrent or refractory HD. Although longer follow-up is necessary to address ultimate cure rates and toxicity, our data indicate that a desire to reduce late effects should drive future research efforts in favorable patients whereas new initiatives are needed for those with less favorable prognoses.
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PMID:High-dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation for recurrent or refractory Hodgkin's disease: analysis of the Stanford University results and prognostic indices. 902 11

Secondary malignancies represent an increasing problem for long survivors of primary malignancies treated by chemo- and/or radiotherapy. The occurrence of secondary myelodysplasia and leukaemias after treatment for Hodgkin's disease is well established. Secondary solid tumors are mostly observed following radiation therapy. We report the case of a patient who presented 3 abdominal solid malignancies within 3 years, 29 years after abdominal radiotherapy for a testicular seminoma, namely 2 colon cancers and a peritoneal mesothelioma. Both types of cancer are independently reported in the literature to be more frequent in patients with a history of abdominal radiation than in the general population. To our knowledge there is no other reported case with 3, nearly simultaneously occurring separate solid tumors, which could all be related to former abdominal irradiation. Such a radiotherapy-related long-term side effect should be taken into account when considering adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with low-risk stage I testicular seminoma.
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PMID:Colon cancers and peritoneal mesothelioma occurring 29 years after abdominal radiation for testicular seminoma. A case report and review of the literature. 966 17

Four patients with lung cancer and hematological disorders occurring in different stages of the disease are presented. In three out of them cancer metastases were found prior to the discovery of the primary focus. In two patients those metastases were localized in the bone marrow resulting in the hematological picture of the myelodysplastic syndrome and osteomyelofibrosis. In one of them acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed after short-lasting remission involving the regression of bone marrow metastases of the cancer. In one patient lymph node enlargement, constitutional symptoms and laboratory signs of inflammation led to the preliminary diagnosis of Hodgkin disease. In the remaining patient acute leukemia resistant to chemotherapy developed 34 month after the diagnosis of lung cancer. Our observations point to the necessity of the through diagnosis in every case of hematologic abnormalities of unknown origin and the search of a possible underlying malignancy.
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PMID:[Hematological problems in patients with bronchial cancer]. 976 Aug 21

Secondary malignancies represent a relevant complication of chemotherapy employed for a previous cancer. Acute leukemias represent the most frequent secondary malignancy in the first decade following primary neoplasms; secondary leukemias are generally myeloid and can be preceeded by a myelodysplastic syndrome. The biological and epidemiological characteristics of secondary acute myeloid are well known and have been the subject of numerous reports and reviews in the last few years. The observation of a secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia is considered rare, and the correlation with antecedent therapies is not definitive. Most of reported cases are single reports, and no large study has been performed to investigate the real importance of this problem. In this review we report data of the current literature on secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia, both in adults and children, in order to analyze its incidence and clinical and laboratory features.
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PMID:Clinical and epidemiological features of acute lymphoblastic leukemia following a previous malignancy. 1134 30

Secondary malignancies, particularly myelodysplasia (MDS), are serious events following high dose therapy with autologous stem cell support. We observed a higher frequency of secondary malignancies in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) than in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) undergoing high dose therapy with the same non-TBI conditioning regimen. Three hundred patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with cyclophosphamide, carmustine and etoposide and autologous stem cell support from 1986 through 1994. Median follow up of survivors is 3.9 years. Five-year survival is 51% for HD and 48% for NHL. Eleven patients developed second malignancies (9/150 treated for HD vs. 2/150 treated for NHL) a median of 2.4 years from transplantation and 5.2 years from initial diagnosis. Six patients had myelodysplasia or acute leukemia (MDS/AML) and 5 had lymphomas or solid tumors. Actuarial risk of MDS/AML at five years for patients transplanted for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is 3% (95% CI 0.6-9.6%). HD patients had significantly different pretreatment characteristics than patients with NHL. A Cox model showed that greater number of prior relapses and prior radiation therapy were significant risk factors for the development of MDS/AML. These data suggest that CBV is associated with a lower risk of secondary MDS/AML than TBI containing regimens and that much of the risk is associated with the pre-transplantation therapy. The use of autotransplantation early in the course of therapy for relapsed lymphoma might prevent some cases of MDS/AML.
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PMID:Incidence of post transplant myelodysplasia/acute leukemia in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients compared with Hodgkin's disease patients undergoing autologous transplantation following cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide (CBV). 1142 23


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