Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the purpose to investigate the immunological anti-tumor function of lymphocytes in the regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer, a double staining procedure using several monoclonal antibodies against the surface membranes of T and NK cells with fluorescent antibody technique was conducted. The number of CD11b+ cells out of CD8+ cells was small with almost all being CD11b- belonging to cytotoxic T cells. Leu8+ cells and Leu8- cells out of CD4+ cells were recognized in equal numbers and were reciprocal. The ratio of CD4+ Leu8-/CD4+ demonstrated an increase in the group injected with OK-432. The ratio of OKT9+ or OKIa1+ occupied in CD8+ or CD4+ cells was only several percent, and few in number. An increase for the ratio of CD4+ OKT9+/CD4+ was observed in the group injected with IL-2. Similar increases for the ratio of CD4+ OKIa1+/CD4+ were obtained in the group injected with OK-432 and in the metastatic group, respectively. The Leu7+ CD16+ cells were not observed. The Leu7- CD16+ cells were observed in a part where metastases were focused. These results indicated that lymphocytes in regional lymphocyte of gastric cancer might hold the hidden anti-tumor effect, but did not display the full function without preoperative intratumor injection of BRM such as IL-2 or OK-432.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study using a double fluorescent staining on the regional lymph nodes of gastric cancers]. 169 Mar 46

Of 1,211 gastric cancer patients who underwent operations, 196 (16%) had cancers extending to the adjacent organs. Palliative procedures were performed in 66 (34%), and gastrectomies in 130 (66%). Operative mortality for the former was 6% (4/66), but was 0% for the latter. Among 130 gastrectomized patients 91 (70%) underwent combined resections of the invaded organs. With respect to the mean survival, significant differences were noted between gastrectomized (18 months) and non-gastrectomized patients (4 months), between the patients with (20 months) and without (12 months) combined resections, and between curative (27 months) and non-curative resections (13 months). Presence or absence, and degree of peritoneal, liver and lymph node metastases were also prognostic among gastrectomized patients. Combined resections of the involved organs showed slight, but positive, effects on survival of patients with liver metastases, but they seemed to be ineffective in the presence of peritoneal metastases. In the case of patients with apparently incurable factors such as P2-3, H2-3 or N4, gastrectomy was prognostically ineffective.
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PMID:Results of surgery in patients with gastric cancer extending to the adjacent organs. 169

The commonest malignant tumour of the stomach is gastric carcinoma. Although the incidence of this neoplasm has declined worldwide, it still ranks fifth to seventh as a cause of cancer-related deaths in the West where the overall 5-year survival from the disease remains poor and averages 5-10%. The decline in the incidence of gastric cancer during the past 4 decades is largely confined to antral tumours of the intestinal type. During this period an absolute increase in the prevalence of cancers of the upper third of the stomach has been observed. Japan is the only country where the mortality has declined proportionately more than the decreased incidence of the disease. This is attributed to a successful screening programme for the detection of early gastric cancer, better staging and probably more aggressive surgical treatment with an extended lymphadenectomy. The latter remains unproven and is currently being evaluated prospectively in a Medical Research Council trial being conducted in the United Kingdom. Surgical excision remains the mainstay of therapy. To date there has been no firm evidence that peri-operative radiotherapy imparts any therapeutic advantage. Overall survival is not improved by adjuvant combination chemotherapy although the early results of a modified FAM regimen with cisplatin are encouraging in terms of response rates. Gastric carcinoids most frequently arise in patients with pernicious anaemia due to the prolonged hypergastrinaemia. Although they can metastasize, their prognosis is good and resection is indicated even in the presence of deposits. Gastric lymphoma accounts for 0.5-3% of gastric malignancies and is the prototype of malignant lymphomas arising from mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) present in the gastrointestinal tract and other organs. The majority of these tumours are B-cell lymphomas which are slow growing and tend to remain localized until late in the course of the disease. The various accepted histological classifications are difficult to apply to MALT lymphomas which are nowadays regarded as a distinct entity the prognosis of which is determined more by stage than histological type. They frequently cause diagnostic problems because of their indolent growth characteristics and their close simulation to benign lymphoid infiltrates. In the past, the term "pseudolymphoma" was applied to those extranodal proliferations of lymphoid tissue the nature of which was uncertain. This problem has been resolved by the advent of immunocytochemical and molecular biological techniques such that it is now always possible to distinguish a reactive from a neoplastic lymphoid infiltrate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Malignant tumours of the stomach. 170 Dec 66

Levels of serum tumor markers including tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), CA 15-3, CA 19-9, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, and PAP were measured in 26 patients with bone metastasis and in 9 patients with primary bone tumors. More than one markers was elevated in 19 of the 26 patients with bone metastasis, although there was no elevation of the markers in 3 patients with renal cell carcinoma. TPA was the most sensitive marker in the diagnosis of metastasis. CA 15-3 was also a sensitive marker in this study, since metastasis from breast carcinoma may be the most common of all metastases in the skeleton. On the other hand, alpha-fetoprotein was uniformly unresponsive except in one case of gastric cancer. Combinations of markers are valuable for metastasis screening tests. No definite correlations were found between the markers in this study. On the other hand, there was a slight elevation of the markers observed in two of the nine patients with primary bone lesions. Serum tumor markers are useful in the diagnosis of bone metastasis to differentiate it from primary bone lesions. Especially in solitary bone lesions, serum markers may be the only way to make a differential diagnosis between the two.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of serum tumor markers in skeletal metastasis of carcinomas. 170 81

Of 122 patients hospitalized for early gastric cancer in 1974-1989, 15 were histologically found to have regional lymph node metastases. Tumor invasion was limited to the mucosa in 3 cases and to the submucosa in 12. An ulcer or ulcer scar was found in the tumor in 12 cases. Metastasis had occurred only to the perigastric nodes in 13 cases and also along the left gastric and/or common hepatic arteries in two. Preoperative endoscopic injection of Chinese ink into the submucosa revealed a high rate of uptake in regional lymph nodes along the left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries. Patients with early cancer should undergo gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy, particularly if the cancer contains an ulcer or has invaded the submucosa. If the patient's general health and life expectancy are poor, restricted surgery or endoscopic treatment should be considered.
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PMID:Regional lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer. 171 63

In a pilot-study 25 patients presenting with a paralytic ileus due to diffuse intraabdominal metastases were treated with motilin. There were 16 male (64%) and nine female (36%) patients. Gastric cancer was the most frequent cause (40%), followed by pancreatic (36%), and colorectal (20%) cancer. 36% had received a postoperative chemotherapy before commencing the motilin-scheme. In 92% motilin therapy was started within 48 hours after the diagnosis of paralytic ileus. There were no serious side-effects of motilin therapy. In approximately 80% the pretherapeutic state was improved. Thus, it seems worthwhile to investigate the influence of motilin on paralytic ileus in incurable cancer patients in a prospective controlled trial.
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PMID:[Results of treatment of paralytic ileus caused by diffuse intra-abdominal metastasis with motilin. A pilot study of 25 patients]. 172 98

We used flow cytometric and conventional clinicopathologic parameters to analyse the metastatic mode of cancer in 113 stomach cancer patients. Liver metastasis was frequent in cases with intestinal-type cancer, cancer located in the distal stomach, positive venous invasion and aneuploid cancer. Lung and pleural metastasis (excluding nodular lung metastasis), however, were frequent in cases with serosal invasion and diploid cancer. Peritoneal metastasis was frequently seen with tumors located in the proximal or whole stomach, diffuse-type cancer and cancer with serosal invasion. All cases developing bone metastasis were positive for lymph node metastasis. DNA ploidy was partially related to the metastatic mode of stomach cancer, but this was not the sole parameter for predicting metastasis. However, prediction may be possible if based on both DNA ploidy and clinicopathologic parameters, suggesting the possibility of the prophylaxis of recurrence by appropriate postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1992 Jan
PMID:Metastatic mode of gastric carcinoma by flow cytometric and clinicopathologic parameters. 173 43

We have evaluated the effect of 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, doxorubicin ('Adriamycin') 40 mg/m2, and Mitomycin-C 4 mg/m2 (FAM) in two groups of patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus, as either a preoperative or primary treatment. Response was assessed by barium swallow, CT scan, and measurement of metastases where present. Toxicity was as reported for FAM in gastric cancer. In the operated group 8 of 22 patients (36%) showed a partial response following two courses of FAM. Resection was completed in 20 patients, with six hospital deaths (30%). Of the 14 patients who were discharged from hospital, 8 have died (median 8 months) and 6 are alive at 12 to 27 months, with known recurrence in 1. In the non-operated group 6 of 17 patients (35%) showed a response, one complete, following one to six (mean 4.2) courses of FAM. Fifteen patients have died (median 5 months), and 2 are alive and free from disease at 12 and 17 months. Neoadjuvant therapy with FAM in adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus offers no advantage over surgery alone, although with inoperable disease FAM may be of use in palliation.
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PMID:A phase II study of 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and mitomycin-C in adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. 174 30

Tumors derived from 105 patients with gastric cancer were subcutaneously heterotransplanted into nude mice in order to study their tumorigenicity and malignant behavior. Of the 105 gastric cancers, 45 were successfully transplanted (a 42.9% tumorigenesis rate). The tumorigenesis rate of Borrmann type 1 and 2 cancers (77.8%) was significantly higher than that of type 3 and 4 cancers (34.6%). Also, the tumorigenesis rate of differentiated carcinoma (57.1%) was significantly higher than that of undifferentiated carcinoma (30.9%). Spontaneous metastases from the subcutaneous tumors were observed in 5 of the 37 established tumor lines (13.5%), and macroscopic pulmonary metastases were common with one tumor line (SCK-29). Although most of the subcutaneous gastric cancers showed local expansion without distant metastasis, the same tumor cells implanted into the peritoneal cavity exhibited invasive growth and/or metastasis. Thus, the expression of a metastatic phenotype by human gastric cancer was influenced by the host microenvironment. The SCK-29 tumor line with its high metastatic potential may be useful for studies on the mechanism of blood-borne metastasis.
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PMID:Tumorigenicity, invasion, and metastasis of human gastric cancer in nude mice. 174 58

Ovarian metastases from extragenital malignant tumours. An anatomohistopathologic approach. 102 cases of ovarian metastases from extragenital malignant non hematopoietic primaries have been studied in the Institute of Anatomy and Histopathology of the Trieste University. Breast cancers, followed by colonic, gastric and pancreatic tumours are the most frequent spreading primaries to the ovaries. Generally speaking the ovarian metastases seems to be closely related to the lower age at the tumour onset and to the width of metastatic spreading; this is true mainly for breast and colorectal cancer. These features should suggest that tumour aggressiveness, rather than some tropism of malignant cells, could play the most important role in the metastatic involvement of ovaries. A double behaviour should be instead suggested for gastric cancer: the first one is consistent with those previously described for the other tumours, the second one is related to a less aggressive gastric cancer, arising in the elderly (mean age 73 years old) with isolated involvement of the ovary showing the features of Krukenberg tumours.
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PMID:[Ovarian metastases of extragenital tumors. Anatomo-pathological contribution to their interpretation]. 174 79


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