Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The management of patients with critical major airways obstruction has been made possible by the recent introduction of expandable metal stents as the sole treatment or as an adjunct to other treatment modalities, to alleviate the distressing symptoms from tracheobronchial obstructions Gianturco self-expanding stents were used successfully in the management of 27 patients. The indications were: stenosis from postoperative strictures and recurrent tumours (n = 6), extrinsic compression from metastatic disease (n = 9), inoperable primary tumours of central airways (n = 9), airway collapse from relapsing polychondritis (n = 1), excessive mediastinal shift following right pneumonectomy (n = 1) and endobronchial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 1). Twenty three patients had immediate relief of stridor and the remaining two patients were successfully weaned from ventilatory support. There were two postoperative deaths. The stents were inserted under general anaesthesia through a rigid bronchoscope under direct vision. The ease of insertion under radiological control, self-expanding nature of the stents and the lack of major complications on follow-up of up to 47 months are particular advantages. The self-expanding tracheobronchial stents are a useful addition to our armamentarium in maintenance of the airways in patients with major airway stenosis and collapse.
 ...
PMID:Self-expanding tracheobronchial stents in the management of major airway problems. 759 44

Recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) products (e.g. aldesleukin, teceleukin) are nonglycosylated, modified forms of the endogenous compound. IL-2 acts as a pleiotropic mediator within the immune system, having a variety of effects via specific cell surface receptors. The interaction of IL-2 with the IL-2 receptor induces proliferation and differentiation of a number of T lymphocyte subsets, and stimulates a cytokine cascade that includes various interleukins, interferons and tumour necrosis factors. Antitumour effects of IL-2 appear to be mediated by its effects on natural killer, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) and other cytotoxic cells. In vivo and in vitro effects of IL-2 seem to be dependent to a large extent on the environment; many studies have reported conflicting results, perhaps due to diverse populations of effector cells, the availability of other cytokines that have synergistic or inhibitory influences, and the dosage regimens used. The recombinant products appear to be biologically indistinguishable from native IL-2 in vitro and in vivo; the former induce minor antibody formation but this does not appear to alter functional properties. In patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, IL-2 therapy achieves average objective response rates of 20% (range 0 to 40%), with a complete response rate of about 5% (range 0 to 19%). Response duration varies considerably but can be durable (lasting for > 12 months), with some patients remaining in complete response for > 60 months. It is unclear at present whether higher dosage regimens improve clinical response, or whether combination therapy with other agents and/or adoptive therapy is beneficial. Survival duration may depend on the risk factors present, with poorer performance status and more than one site of metastases associated with shorter survival times. Patients with metastatic malignant melanoma receiving IL-2 as monotherapy show an average objective response rate of 13% (range 3 to 24%); however, objective response rate averages 30% (range 4 to 59%) when IL-2 is used in combination with other agents. Overall median survival appears to be about 10 months. Preliminary data indicate that IL-2 produces a lower response rate in patients with refractory colorectal carcinoma, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, acute myeloid leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Adverse effects accompanying high dose, intravenous IL-2 therapy can be severe, with cardiovascular, pulmonary, haematological, hepatic, neurological, endocrine, renal and/or dermatological complications frequently requiring doses to be withheld.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-2. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in patients with cancer. 769 34

Between 1980 and 1993, 680 patients with malignant lymphoma were referred for abdominal sonography as a part of initial staging. In 53 patients intrahepatic abnormalities suspected for lymphoma involvement were detected. 6 of these had metastases of lung cancer (n = 4) or microabscesses (n = 2). Sonographic findings of 47 patients with hepatic lymphoma were reviewed. Hepatic lymphoma was confirmed by histologic examination (n = 23) and sonographic/clinical follow-up (n = 24). 12 patients had Hodgkin's disease, 18 high-grade NHL, and 17 low-grade NHL. Lesions were hypoechoic in all cases. Five different sonographic patterns were found: small nodular lesions (n = 28; 60%), large nodular lesions (n = 14; 30%), bulky disease (n = 2; 4%) and diffuse involvement (n = 2; 4%). One patient (2%) had lymphomatous involvement which surrounded the portal vessels. High-grade NHL preferred patterns of large nodular or bulky diseases (9 of 17 patients). Small lesions were found to be more typical in low-grade NHL (13 of 18 patients), and Hodgkin's disease (9 of 12 patients).
 ...
PMID:[Lymphoma infiltration of the liver: spectrum of ultrasound characteristics in 47 patients]. 771 97

A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed acute hypercalcemia following chemotherapy was evaluated for skeletal metastases with a whole-body bone scan. Although metastatic disease is an unlikely cause of hypercalcemia, considering the acutely rising serum calcium, the bone scan is useful in excluding multiple metastases as a cause. In addition, the study demonstrated metastatic calcification in multiple organs, including the pancreas which is uncommon, and the liver and spleen, which is rare.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic calcification of multiple visceral organs in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 773 57

We report our experience with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and its value in the diagnosis of malignant lung infiltrates. A total of 162 patients with biopsy- or autopsy-proven cancer had an analysis of BAL fluid performed. Cytologic examination showed malignant cells in 123 (76%) patients. The diagnostic accuracy varied depending on the neoplastic nature and growth pattern of the disease. BAL disclosed cancer cells in 93% of 44 bronchioloalveolar carcinomas. Carcinomatous lymphangitis due to metastatic cancer was diagnosed in 83% of 69 cases. Hematogenous metastases (with sharply circumscribed nodules on chest radiography) were diagnosed in 45% of 22 such cases. We recognized 67% of 15 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 3 of 9 cases of Hodgkin's disease with pulmonary involvement. Immunocytochemistry using monoclonal and/or polyclonal antibodies was of value in the identification and classification of cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of disseminated lung tumors. 776 34

The authors report a series of cardio-pericardial metastases presenting acutely with tamponade. There were 14 men and 9 women with an average age of 39 years. The primary tumour was mainly bronchial in the men (5 cases: 20.8%) and breast (3 cases: 16.6%) or uterine (4 cases: 16.6%) in the women. The other malignancies were blood dyscrasias (5 NHL and 1 MHL) one pericardial mesothelioma, one Schwannoma, one Ewing's sarcoma and one carcinoma of the larynx. The primary tumour was not found in one case. Echocardiography showed a large, circumferential pericardial effusion in all cases and compressing the right heart chambers (RA and/or RV) in half the cases. Rounded echogenic masses implanted on the pericardial membranes (2 cases) or images of false membranes (10 cases) were also demonstrated. The clinical emergency led to pericardiocentesis with surgical drainage in 5 cases. A pleuro-pericardial window was fashioned in 4 cases. The effusion was important in all cases and bloody in 75% of cases. Cytology of the pericardial liquid was positive for malignant cells in 1 out of 2 cases. The diagnosis was made after death in 3 cases. The other biopsies, bronchial, lymph node, pleural and bone marrow also provided valuable diagnostic information. Undifferentiated carcinoma was found in 75% of bronchial carcinomas. In all three breast tumours, the histology showed moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The authors underline the paucity of therapeutic measures: at this stage, pericardiocentesis is almost the only procedure apart from the cases of haemopathy. Some authors have suggested radiotherapy of the precordial region and others, intrapericardial chemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Cardiac tamponade disclosing neoplasm: apropos of 23 cases]. 777 78

A 80 year old man, in general good health, presented with a rapidly progressive congestive heart failure, without response to treatment. At echocardiography, there were masses in the right atrium and ventricle. The patient deceased two months after the first clinical manifestations. At autopsy, we found a massive right-sided atrio-ventricular infiltration by a malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of centroblastic type, causing a subtotal obstruction of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. We observed also four intestinal metastases without other manifestations of lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:[Primary cardiac lymphoma with obstructive cardiac insufficiency]. 781 71

The management of patients with critical major airway obstruction has been made possible by the recent introduction of expandable metal stents as the sole treatment or as an adjunct to other treatment modalities. To alleviate the distressing symptoms from tracheobronchial obstructions Gianturco self-expanding stents were used successfully in the management of 16 patients. The indications were; stenosis from postoperative strictures and recurrent tumours (n = 6), extrinsic compression from metastatic disease (n = 4), inoperable primary tumours of central airways (n = 4), airway collapse from relapsing polychondritis (n = 1), and endobronchial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 1). Fourteen patients have immediate relief of stridor and the remaining two patients were successfully weaned from ventilatory support. The stents were inserted under general anaesthesia through a rigid bronchoscope under direct vision. The ease of insertion under radiological control, self-expanding nature of the stents and the lack of major complications on follow-up of up to 22 months are particular advantages. The self-expanding tracheobronchial stents are a useful addition to our armamentarium in maintenance of the airways in patients with major airway stenosis and collapse.
 ...
PMID:Self-expanding tracheobronchial stents in the management of major airway problems. 793 34

In the post-surgical follow-up of a patient with follicular thyroid carcinoma, a palpable mass in the left supraclavicular region was highly indicative of metastatic disease. Technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) showed an increased but heterogeneous uptake within the lesion. Surprisingly, a different neoplastic disease was histologically demonstrated. Lymph node abnormalities due to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma rather than metastatic thyroid disease were demonstrated. In conclusion, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may occur in patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma. This new lesion significantly concentrated 99mTc-MIBI. Thus, the results of 99mTc-MIBI imaging have to be carefully evaluated during the follow-up of patients with thyroid cancer.
 ...
PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with follicular thyroid cancer: the role of 99mTc-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile imaging. 807 72

In 25 years, 18 patients with breast cancer were treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 16 were female and 2 were male. The patients presented with primary malignancy (2), metastatic disease (13), or secondary malignancy (3). One of the females with primary breast malignancy had alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. She was treated with wide excision and is currently receiving chemotherapy. The other patient presented with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the right breast. After biopsy, she was treated with chemotherapy. Of 13 patients with metastatic disease, the primary lesion was rhabdomyosarcoma in nine. One patient each had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and signet-cell adenocarcinoma. All patients with metastatic disease to the breast died of the disease. Three females presented with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Two underwent mastectomy and are alive without evidence of disease. One patient refused therapy and died of the second malignancy. We conclude that (1) breast malignancies had three distinctly different presentations in our patients, (2) the breasts of pediatric oncology patients should be carefully and routinely examined for metastatic disease, and (3) metastatic disease in the breast of a child is a manifestation of disseminated disease and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Breast malignancy in children. 812 Jul 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>