Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

True annular malignancies of the small bowel with mucosal destruction and shelflike margins are generally thought to be caused by primary adenocarcinoma. At our institution, 18 annular malignancies were diagnosed radiographically in the small bowel by enteroclysis (16 cases) and conventional small bowel follow-through studies (2 cases) between 1977 and 1984. However, pathologic data revealed only 4 primary adenocarcinomas with 10 metastatic lesions (6 colon cancers, 2 malignant melanomas, 1 lung cancer, and 1 cervical cancer), 2 leiomyosarcomas, 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 1 malignant carcinoid tumor. While these lesions may be indistinguishable radiographically, annular carcinomas tended to be short, relatively nonobstructing lesions; annular metastases (except those from malignant melanoma) tended to be highly obstructing lesions with significant narrowing and/or angulation of the bowel. Leiomyosarcomas, lymphoma, and metastases from malignant melanoma tended to be longer lesions with extensive ulceration, wider channels, and little or no evidence of obstruction. Nevertheless, surgical resection or biopsy of the lesion is ultimately required for a definitive diagnosis.
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PMID:Annular malignancies of the small bowel. 379 59

The sonographic findings observed in eight patients with metastatic tumors in the breast were reviewed. Solitary breast nodules were present in four patients; multiple metastases were seen in the other four patients, with bilateral lesions in two of them. A total number of 20 breast masses was appreciated. All lesions had a round or oval shape and hypoechoic, solid echopattern, when compared with the surrounding breast parenchyma. In three patients, they presented with many small medium-level internal echoes while, in the other five patients they were almost anechoic, with only a few low-level echoes within. Regular and well-defined margins were seen in four patients; in the remaining four patients, irregular walls were seen. The posterior walls of the lesions were well defined, and great acoustic attenuation was never seen. In one case, slight acoustic enhancement was present posterior to the lesions from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Multiple masses in the same patient always had the same sonographic features. While evaluating a breast mass in a patient with a known malignancy elsewhere in the body, the absence of an acoustic shadow posterior to the lesion may allow the metastatic nature of the disease to be considered as a diagnostic possibility.
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PMID:Metastatic tumors in the breast: sonographic findings. 388 89

From Mar. 1958 through Dec. 1977, a series of 48 patients with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the nasal cavity was treated by radiotherapy in our hospital. The incidence of the disease was only 4.8% (48/983) of all malignant lymphomas during the same interval. The ratio of this tumor with the lymphoma arising for the nasopharynx, tonsil and the base of the tongue is 1:2, 1:3, 9:1. It has an equal chance of locating on the left or right, but was bilateral in 4 patients. In 4, the nasopharynx; 3, the maxillary antrum and 14, the neighboring soft tissues were invaded. The stage IA and IIA lesions as treated by radiotherapy gave 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 year survival rates of 96%, 82%, 78%, 67% and 44% respectively. Stage IIIA lesions gave a 5 year survival of 25%. All patients with stage IIIB and IV lesions as treated by combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy died within one year. Those involving the neighboring soft tissues and organs could give a 5 year survival of only 25% and 33%. The prognosis was influenced by the stage and radiation technique. The radiation field must be extensive enough to include the whole nasal cavity (cross the middle line by 1 cm), nasopharyx, the ipsilateral maxillary antrum, hard palate and the regional lymphatic areas. An optimum dose of 5000-6000 rad/five-six week is advisable for this kind of tumour. It is suggested that total body or hemibody irradiation be advisable for cases with distant metastases. Late sequela of cataract calls for meticulous protection of the eye during the initial radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Radiotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity--report of 48 cases]. 391 58

Between 1919 and 1981, 16 children with primary cardiac tumors (8 rhabdomyomas, 5 fibromas, 2 myxomas, and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma) and 59 children with secondary tumors of the cardiovascular system were seen at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. Distant metastases in 45 children of the latter group, in descending order of frequency, were from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, neuroblastoma, soft tissue and bone sarcoma, Wilms' tumor, and hepatoma, and involved the myocardium and pericardium. In the remaining 14 children, tumor thrombi from Wilms' tumor (9 cases), adrenal (2 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma (2 cases), and endodermal sinus tumor (1 case) extended directly into the great veins and/or cardiac chambers. Children with primary and secondary tumors often present with nonspecific clinical, plain radiographic, electrocardiographic, and M-mode echocardiographic findings. Early recognition, utilizing special diagnostic procedures such as two-dimensional echocardiography, computerized axial tomography, angiocardiography, and inferior venocavography, followed by elective surgical resection of tumor under cardiopulmonary bypass and/or radiation and chemotherapy, offers patients with cardiovascular tumors the best chance of cure.
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PMID:Primary and secondary tumors of childhood involving the heart, pericardium, and great vessels. A report of 75 cases and review of the literature. 401 74

The role of modern techniques of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate bone imaging in the management of lymphoma patients was assessed by comparing results of 107 bone scans in 16 patients with Hodgkin's disease, and 45 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to simultaneous radiologic, clinical, and histopathologic features as well as to subsequent disease course. The sensitivity and specificity were both greater than or equal to 0.96 in both Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the overall accuracy by site was 98%. The scan proved to be useful in the definition and follow-up of skeletal lymphomatous disease in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and defined abnormalities which were not predicted by either serum alkaline phosphatase activity or the presence of bone marrow involvement. In no patient, however, did the bone scan result by itself alter either initial staging or estimates of extent of disease at the time of relapse. Bone scanning, therefore, cannot be recommended as a screening procedure in patients with lymphoma; rather, this test is best reserved for the definition and follow-up of skeletal metastases in patients with active, concomitant, extraosseous disease.
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PMID:Role of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate bone imaging in the management of lymphoma. 407 10

Second primary cancers were studied in persons with rare tumors between 1943 and 1980. The risk of developing a new cancer was evaluated in 7,211 persons with cutaneous melanoma, 1,784 persons with eye cancer, 10,273 persons with tumors of the brain and nervous system, 1,935 persons with thyroid cancer, 1,542 persons with bone tumors, and 2,318 persons with malignant neoplasms of the connective tissue. All cancer patients were diagnosed in Denmark between 1943 and 1980 and survived for 2 or more months. Nonmelanoma skin cancers were excluded from the analysis, whereas tumors of the brain and nervous system included both benign and malignant neoplasms. Overall, patients with these cancers showed no greater incidence of new tumors than expected from comparisons with the general population. An excess of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was observed subsequent to all cancers derived from the neural tube, i.e., melanoma and tumors of the eye, brain, and nervous system. Bone cancer occurred excessively, although the possibility of misclassified metastases could not be eliminated. Patients with tumors of the brain and nervous system who survived for 10 or more years developed significantly more cancers of the kidney and connective tissue and melanoma than anticipated. A deficit of second cancers of the digestive system was noted after primary bone and connective tissue cancers, in contrast to an excess of second cancers of the lung and kidney. Although based on few cases, patients with bone cancer showed a large excess of eye cancer as a second primary. The association between cancers of the breast and connective tissue was found to be bidirectional. Persons with connective tissue cancer were at increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Thyroid cancer patients were at high risk of subsequent tumors of the brain and nervous tissue and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, contrary to previous reports, the risk of breast cancer was not elevated following thyroid cancer.
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PMID:Second cancer following cutaneous melanoma and cancers of the brain, thyroid, connective tissue, bone, and eye in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 10

Cutaneous non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed within a leg affected by chronic lymphoedema. The lymphoedema had followed radiotherapy to bony metastases from a carcinoma of the prostate. Eighteen months after the development of the cutaneous tumours, extracutaneous involvement by the lymphoma became apparent. This is the second report of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma appearing within a lymphoedematous limb. The possible reasons for such an unusual localization are discussed. Our case report illustrates that cutaneous tumours other than lymphangiosarcomas may localize to a lymphoedematous limb and clinically simulate the Stewart-Treves syndrome.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the skin associated with chronic limb lymphoedema. 409 86

The tremendous progress that has been made in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases since the early 1950's has enabled the cure of a significant number of cancers such as chloriocarcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the acute leukaemias, testicular carcinoma, and many childhood cancers such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilm's tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, ovarian cancer, and retinoblastoma. As a result, the mortality from cancers has dropped by 15% for persons under the age of 45 years and even more for those under 30 years of age. Many other metastatic cancers can now be successfully controlled with chemotherapy and, ultimately, more will be added to the growing list of curable cancers. The chemotherapeutic agents responsible for the cures of some cancers include asparaginase, actinomycin D, Adriamycin, bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, nitrogen mustard, prednisone, procarbazine, and vincristine. The discovery of new effective drugs such as AMSA and anthracenedione promises to improve the success rates obtained with present therapy. Chemotherapy is indicated for every patient who has metastatic cancer, since virtually every patient can receive some palliation from such therapy, while for some patients chemotherapy holds the promise of prolongation of life or even cure.
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PMID:The curability of advanced cancers with chemotherapy. 627 28

A middle-aged woman was treated for breast carcinoma with postoperative adjuvant chest wall irradiation, followed four and seven years later with therapy to spinal ports for palliation of metastatic disease. For the next three and a half years, she received oral cyclophosphamide on a daily basis to a total of more than 110 g. Twelve years after diagnosis and five years after the start of chemotherapy, an aggressive, large cell lymphoma of the ileum developed, with poor response to conventional therapy. This may represent the first patient with breast carcinoma in whom a treatment-induced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has developed.
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PMID:Aggressive large cell lymphoma of the ileum after long-term cyclophosphamide therapy for breast carcinoma. 635 13

Intensive chemotherapy followed by infusion of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow (ABMR) was used in the treatment of 22 children with advanced tumours. In nine this was their initial therapy; in eight it was used after partial or complete remission had been achieved with standard therapy; and in five, after relapse had occurred. Recovery of marrow function occurred in 20 patients with a mean time of 13.2 and 18.2 days to recovery of neutrophils (greater than 0.5 X 10(9)/l) in newly diagnosed and previously treated patients respectively. Platelet count recovery to greater than 50 X 10(9)/l occurred in a mean time of 13.4 days in newly diagnosed and 20.4 days in previously treated patients. Control of extensive local tumour was obtained in three of three evaluable patients with abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Metastatic bony and marrow disease was controlled in two of two patients with retinoblastoma. In Ewing's sarcoma, temporary control of widespread metastatic disease occurred in one patient. In the other, eradication of extensive local mass disease at the primary site had been achieved. Poor response to treatment has been seen in seven of eight patients with Stage III or IV rhabdomyosarcoma, three patients with neuroblastoma and four of five patients with recurrent disease. Apart from the anticipated bone marrow toxicity, the major complications were severe mucositis, anaphylaxis following bone marrow infusion and haemorrhagic cystitis. The presence of herpes simplex infection appeared to aggravate mucosal complication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Experience with high dose multiagent chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue in the treatment of twenty-two children with advanced tumours. 639 55


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