Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The level of serum amyloid A, a protein previously found to behave as an acute-phase reactant, was measured by a radioimmunoassay in 621 patients with various neoplastic diseases free of inflammatory processes. In all but eight of the 289 patients with solid tumors with distant metastases, in all patients with myelocytic leukemia with high leukocyte counts, and in all patients with advanced lymphoma, the serum amyloid A level was above 400 ng/mL. It was below this value in all tested patients with lymphocytic leukemia and in 250 of 270 patients with solid malignant tumors with localized or regional disease. Among the 20 patients from this latter group with levels higher than 400 ng/mL, 16 developed distant metastases within 214 days from the initial measurement. The serum amyloid A level decreased significantly in patients with lymphoma and those with metastatic solid tumors who responded to chemotherapy. Thus the level of serum amyloid A can be used as a biochemical marker that discriminates between disseminated and localized or regional disease, and monitors the response to therapy.
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PMID:Serum amyloid A to monitor cancer dissemination. 28 3

With modern techniques it is usually possible to deliver a high dose of radiation to an orbital tumour without destroying vision. Local cure of lymphoma is possible with no risk of complications. Rhabdomyosarcoma now has a very good prognosis if treated energetically by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy also has a part to play in the management of lacrimal gland tumours, melanoma, and metastases. A recent series of cases provides evidence that radiotherapy may be the best treatment for some cases of pseudotumour.
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PMID:Role of the radiotherapist in orbital disease. 29 17

The tumor-nodes-metastases (TNM) staging classification for gastric carcinoma was applied to 50 consecutive cases of primary gastric lymphoma. Survival statistics were obtained for each respective stage category and were remarkably similar to survival statistics for gastric carcinoma. Overall, patients with primary gastric lymphoma have a much better prognosis for survival than patients with gastric carcinoma since the latter present with far more frequent serosal penetration and nodal and distant metastases. Penetration of gastric lymphoma beyond the serosa is associated with a significantly decreased 5-year survival rate from 88 to 24%, and the presence of perigastric nodal involvement decreased the survival rate from 88 to 32%.
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PMID:Factors in the prognosis of gastric lymphoma. 32 39

Lymphoma presenting in bone (that is "reticulum cell sarcoma of bone") is a form of extranodal lymphoma historically described as frequently localized (this is, stage IE or stage IIE). Between 1970 and 1975, 14 patients with this entity were seen at the National Cancer Institute. This group had a variety of histologic subtypes of diffuse lymphoma. Thorough staging showed extensive disease (stage IV) in 12 of these patients (86%). In 10 of these the metastatic disease was unsuspected clinically. Seven patients achieved complete remissions after treatment was combination chemotherapy alone (two patients), irradiation alone (one patient), surgery alone (one patient), and both chemotherapy and irradiation (three patients) and are alive and free of disease 11 + to 70 + months after diagnosis. The other seven patients did not achieve complete remission status and have all died. Although lymphomas presenting in bone may occasionally be localized, careful staging in this series frequently showed extensive disease and altered the therapeutic approach.
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PMID:Lymphoma presenting in bone: results of histopathology, staging, and therapy. 32 94

Anatomical and clinical findings in 9 cases of primary brain tumors with metastases within (7 cases) or outside of (2 cases) the nervous system are reported. A review of the published literature revealed 248 cases of histologically-confirmed central nervous system tumors with metastases outside of the nervous system. These secondary sites are seen more frequently in adult males. Their frequency, in descending order, was gliomas (39,5 p. 100), meningeal tumors and sarcomas (28,2 p. 100), neuronal tumors (14,1 p. 100), lymphoma-microgliomas (12,5 p. 100), pineal body tumors (4 p. 100), and melanomas (1,6 p. 100). Ten cases out of 248 developed through a shunt. Nineteen cases were discovered without any surgical operation. There are still many unknown factors concerning their pathogenesis. It appears, however, than in some series of patients the prolongation of the survival-rate and the late effects of surgical operation are positive factors for metastatic dissemination.
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PMID:[The metastatic potential of primary central nervous tumours (author's transl)]. 38 61

Documented rarity, diagnostic difficulty and poor results stimulated this study of 79 malignant and 37 benign small bowel tumors in order to emphasize these lesions, determine their symptomatology and improve diagnosis and results, particularly in the malignant group. Chief symptoms were recurrent abdominal pain and tenderness, signs of obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. Fourteen cases were asymptomatic. The mean symptom-diagnosis interval was 6.6 months. Roentgenographic contrast studies were helpful in diagnosing 33 of 43 patients, with false negatives in 10. Laboratory studies were usually not helpful. Metastases were present at the time of surgery in approximately 58%. In the malignant group curative procedures were performed in 36 and palliative in 43, with an operative mortality of 10%. Five and 10 year survival rates were respectively 21/51 (41.2%) and 8/38 (21.2%) for malignancies. Individual 5 and 10 year survival rates were respectively as follows: carcinoid 11/15, 4/8; undifferentiated carcinoma 3/5, 1/3; lymphoma 3/11, 1/9; leiomyosarcoma 2/7, 1/6 and adenocarcinoma 2/13, 1/12. In the benign group results were excellent, except for one death from pulmonary embolism. The study suggests that if results with malignant small bowel tumors are to be improved, prompt diagnostic study and early consideration of laparotomy in patients with suggestive symptoms is mandatory.
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PMID:The small bowel tumor problem: an assessment based on a 20 year experience with 116 cases. 45 45

The advantages of CT scan over lymphangiography are numerous and significant. The accuracy of CT scan was virtually identical to lymphogram for the detection of para-aortic lymph node involvement; however, CT provides a better means of assessing the true extent of disease. In such cases it is possible to determine whether the neoplastic process involves retroperitoneal structures such as the kidneys, ureters, pancreatic region, hilum of the liver, or the major vessels. Moreover, this excellent definition permits accurate follow-up assessment of therapy. Finally, CT is a noninvasive examination and does not require significant technical expertise, and the examination is easily reproducible following any time period from the initial examination. Finally, although we have not specifically discussed biopsy procedures, the CT scan is an excellent means for guiding biopsy procedures even for retroperitoneal abnormalities, perhaps precluding the necessity for laparotomy in order to provide histologic diagnosis of disease (Fig. 11). The disadvantages of CT are several. Of course, the acquisition of CT equipment is expensive and the cost effectiveness has not yet been proven. The most significant disadvantage is its inability to resolve or detect neoplastic disease within normal-sized lymph nodes. This was not a significant problem in our series, because our series contained only a few cases of suspected metastatic disease as opposed to lymph node neoplasms. The advantages of lymphography have been discussed by other authors. Because of the better spatial resolution of lymphograms, it is possible by proper interpretation to distinguish between neoplastic disease and lipogranulomatous changes. In a few cases in our series, this did not prove to be true; however, this may have been due to deficiencies in our interpretations (two cases of lymphoma were called positive for neoplasm, but proved to be lipogranulomatous changes by biopsy). Secondly, surveillance films may be easily and cheaply obtained to detect recurrences of disease. In addition, lymphography also provides the opportunity for biopsy of lymphoma masses, but to date this has only been accomplished by skinny-needle biopsy aspirations and not by large core biopsy techniques. After reviewing the literature and evaluating our data, we believe that several recommendations are appropriate with respect to the roles of computed tomography and lymphography. We agree with the previously stated concept that CT should be used for screening for lymphoma; however, we disagree that lymphograms have a greater advantage over CT in the biopsy-proven cases of lymphoma. Rather we believe that CT is better suited than lymphography for those cases with biopsy proven lymphoma. CT is better able to accurately localize the lymph node masses for surgeons if the surgical approach is desired and better able to define the extent of the disease throughout the abdomen. As a result of this it is capable of providing a better follow-up for therapy...
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PMID:Clinical comparison of computed tomography and lymphangiography for detection of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. 46 41

Methylmethacrylate bone cement was used to refill bony defects following excisional biopsy of supposed benign or semimalign bone tumors. This procedure offers several advantages: the anatomical situation at the site of the lesion will not be altered, that means the functions of the joint and the continuity and stability of the bone will be preserved; the histological examination of the tissue is possible without a hurry; the follow up of the lesion is easily possible by X-ray-examination; further therapeutic procedures can follow without restriction, for example if the histology discovered an unsuspected malignant tumor or if the follow-up revealed a recurrency. In addition a favorable effect is the necrosis of tumor cells, eventually left behind in the bone, by the action of zytotoxic monomer and heat, originated during the polymerisation of the methylmethacrylate. In benign or semimalignant bone tumors the cement has to be removed after an adequate observation period; at this occasion the cavity again is curetted and then filled with autologous bone grafts. Since 1972 we treated 13 bone lesions by this method of "temporary bone cement plugging". The lesions were 5 giant cell tumors, 2 aneurysmal bone cysts, 2 simple bone cysts, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 malignant lymphoma, and 2 metastases of hypernephroid carcinoma. In the case of osteosarcoma an amputation was performed just after the diagnosis was made. In the other cases no local recurrances up to now were seen.
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PMID:[Temporary plugging of cystic bone tumors by bone cement (author's transl)]. 46 12

The metastatic behaviour of the L5178E (non-M) lymphoma and a highly metastatic subline L51787ES (M) were studied in syngeneic DBA2 mice. The non-M tumour rarely metastasizes in intact syngeneic mice, but produces extensive and rapidly lethal metastases when implanted into irradiated recipients. The metastatic behaviour of the M subline is unaffected by irradiation of the host. By conventional transplantation criteria, the non-M tumour is more immunogenic than the M subline. Both tumours, however, produce similar responses in a lymphnode weight-gain assay. Host-cell infiltration of the tumours growing s.c. is much greater in the non-M than the M, the infiltrating cells being Fc-receptor-positive and maturing into macrophages after 2 days in vitro. Although spontaneous in vitro motility of the M cells is much greater than that of the non-M, the metastatic behaviour of the tumours is clearly determined by host immunological responses.
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PMID:Immunity as the predominant factor determining metastasis by murine lymphomas. 49 9

Forty-one children with subdiaphragmatic rhabdomyosarcoma underwent bipedal lymphography. Twenty-two (53.5%) of the lymphograms were interpreted as being positive. In our series, the lower limbs were the most common primary site of involvement, were more frequently involved by the alveolar histologic subtype which carries a poor prognosis, and were associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastases. Positive lymphographic findings in this group of children were similar to those seen in both adults and children with other solid tumors, i.e., the presence of discrete lymph node filling defects. However, in 3 cases, abnormalities more characteristic of lymphoma were identified. Evaluation of lymph node metastases as demonstrated by lymphography has prognostic significance.
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PMID:Lymphography in childhood rhabdomyosarcomas. 50 42


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