Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors of the testis can be divided into two broad groups. The first includes patients with negative lymphograms or small-volume metastases confined to the abdominal nodes. The overall cure rate with orchiectomy and nodal irradiation is 80%. A policy of early detection of relapse and treatment with chemotherapy is advocated. Adopting this approach, no deaths have occurred in this group of patients treated in 1976 and 1977, and only one (associated with acute myeloblastic leukemia) occurred in 1975. The second group consists of patients with other stage categories who receive chemotherapy as initial treatment, followed in stage II and II and selected stage IV patients by radiation therapy to sites of initial involvement and surgery. Preliminary experience has shown this to be a practicable and promising approach. The prognosis for stage IV patients depends upon metastatic site and volume; in those patients with limited lung disease 80% are surviving disease-free.
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PMID:An appraisal of the role of radiation therapy in the management of nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors of the testis in the era of effective chemotherapy. 11 87

This is a review of the experience at Memorial Hospital using chemotherapy combined with surgical excision for control of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma. Effective multiple drug chemotherapy was able to control small deposits of osteogenic sarcoma in the lung, making surgical resection of residual visible nodules worthwhile. Surgical resection was most successful for solitary nodules or where multiple nodules were shrunk or at least prevented from growing by chemotherapy. Eight percent of these patients with pulmonary metastases initially or subsequently showed bilateral lung disease. When two or more nodules were found at th oracotomy, they were never confined to one lobe. For these reasons, wedge resections or segmental resections were the most commonly indicated procedures. Results justify an aggressive surgical approach to these lesions including multiple wedge resections of all lesions found at thoracotomy, chest wall resection and multiple bilateral thoracotomies. Chemotherapy alone cannot be expected to cure metastatic osteogenic sarcoma of the lung, but combined with surgical resection of residual disease the results are encouraging.
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PMID:Thoracotomy as adjuvant to chemotherapy in metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. 27 Dec 21

In sera of 72 patients with lung cancer, 20 patients with various benign lung diseases and 34 age matched controls circulating immune complexes were determined by column chromatography on Sepharose 6 B and subsequent testing of the eluate for macromolecular IgG as well as by inhibition of radiolabelled C1q binding to sensitized sheep erythrocytes. Whereas in both control and benign lung disease-sera complexes could be detected in less than 5%, sera of lung cancer patients showed macromolecular IgG in 83% and C1q reactive material in 53% at the time of diagnosis. Patients with metastases exhibited a significantly higher percentage of positive reactions than those without metastases (macromolecular IgG 93%/68%, C1q 71%/28%). The size of the complexes increased with the extent of disease. So far, no signficiant changes in circulating immune complexes could be demonstrated id pretherapeutic values were compared with those after X-ray-, chemo- or immunotherapy with one exception, which is an increase of C1q reactive material after radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Circulating immune complexes in bronchogenic carcinoma: relation to extent of disease and to therapy (author's transl)]. 37 26

Thyroid function was assessed at the time of initial diagnosis in 204 patients with lung cancer and compared with that of age and sex-matched patients with non-malignant lung disease. Abnormalities in thyroid function were found in 67 patients (33%). The most prevalent abnormality was a low T3 concentration; this was not associated with other clinical or biochemical evidence of hypothyroidism, but the short-term prognosis of these patients was worse than that of matched patients with lung cancer having normal T3 concentrations. Primary hypothyroidism occurred in three patients, low T4 concentrations and free thyroxine index (FTI) with normal thyrotrophin (TSH) concentrations in four patients, and moderately raised TSH with normal thyroid hormone concentrations in six patients; nine patients had a raised FTI with or without raised T4 concentration as the sole abnormality.Overall, the pattern of thyroid hormone metabolism in lung cancer was a tendency towards reduced T3 concentrations with significantly increased T4/T3 ratios and modestly increased 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) concentrations. The altered T4/T3 ratio was particularly noticeable in patients with anaplastic tumours of small ("oat cell") and large cell types, but was not apparently related to detectable extrathoracic metastases.These data suggest that thyroid hormone metabolism is altered in patients with lung cancer by decreased 5'-monodeiodination of T4. The resulting low T3 concentrations and altered T4/T3 ratio may be partly responsible for the reduced ratio of androsterone to aetiocholanolone observed in lung cancer, which is known to be a poor prognostic sign.
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PMID:Thyroid function in lung cancer. 62 Feb 66

Five patients, ages 12 to 20 years, with nonresectable primary (Patients 2, 3, and 5) and metastatic (Patients 1 and 4) pelvic osteosarcomas were treated with intraarterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation therapy from 1983 to 1987. Long-term local tumor control was achieved in all five patients. Patients 1 and 3 are alive with no evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease at 77 and 56 months of follow-up, respectively, since diagnosis of the pelvic tumor. Patients 2, 4, and 5 died of metastatic lung disease at 25, 39, and 12 months, respectively, after diagnosis of the pelvic tumor. Patient 4 had no clinical or radiologic evidence of local recurrence. Control of tumor growth in patients with pelvic osteosarcomas can be achieved with regional chemotherapy and concurrent radiation therapy. These patients also should receive adjuvant intensive systemic chemotherapy to increase the probability of eliminating potential subclinical metastatic disease.
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PMID:Primary treatment of pelvic osteosarcoma. Report of five cases. 137 Dec 32

Thoracic disease in the HIV negative immunocompromised host is most frequently caused by infection. Patterns of involvement produced on the chest radiograph include (1) lobar or segmental consolidation, (2) nodules with rapid growth and/or cavitation, and (3) diffuse lung disease. The lung also may be directly involved by lymphoma, metastases, drug reactions, radiation pneumonitis, or nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. The lung is a frequent target organ for opportunistic infections in AIDS patients, particularly of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and tuberculosis. Computed tomography may be particularly helpful in these patients in the detection of early disease and in the characterization of patterns and extent of involvement as well as complications.
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PMID:Thoracic disease in the immunocompromised patient. 157 Mar 94

Recent observations have demonstrated that somatomedins, mainly insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are growth factors for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). On the basis of this evidence, a study was started to evaluate serum levels of IGF-I in a group of untreated NSCLC patients. The study included 46 patients, 25 of whom had an operable tumor, while the other 21 showed distant organ metastases. IGF-I and GH serum levels were measured by RIA in each patient; moreover, in operable patients, hormonal detections were made either before, or 7 days after surgery. The control group comprised 38 age-matched healthy subjects. Mean serum levels of IGF-I were significantly higher in cancer patients with respect to controls, while no difference was seen in mean GH values. Moreover, patients with metastases showed significantly higher levels of IGF-I than the patients without. Within the operable group, patients with lung adenocarcinoma had higher levels of IGF-I than those with epidermoid cell carcinoma, but this difference was not significant. Finally, no significant difference in IGF-I mean values was seen before and after surgical removal of tumors. This preliminary study shows that NSCLC patients may present abnormally high levels of IGF-I. Because of the stimulating role of IGF-I on NSCLC growth, this evidence could play a role in the clinical course of neoplastic lung disease.
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PMID:Blood levels of IGF-I in non-small cell lung cancer: relation to clinical data. 165 7

alpha-Interferon produces a 15% response lasting on average 4-6 months in renal cell carcinoma, providing little justification for use as adjuvant treatment. Two observations, however, suggest that the benefits might be greater than predicted. In our studies in patients with small volume lung disease 59% responded (2 + 8/17) compared to 3% (0 + 2/64) for more advanced disease. Secondly, an animal intravenous metastasis model has shown a critical window of 24 h around the time of injection of tumour cells when treatment with interferon Ca produces durable complete remissions. In an attempt to capitalise on this observation, a feasibility study has been initiated to establish the safety of perioperative interferon. Patients received 3 MU daily for 3 days prior to operation and for 2 weeks after operation. Thirteen patients have been treated and all except one were discharged from hospital within 2 weeks. There have been two serious problems in the immediate post-operative period, one developed septicaemia and one had an episode of hypotension secondary to post-operative blood loss. One partial remission and one minor response was noted in the 9 patients with metastases and none showed accelerated tumour growth post-operatively. It is concluded that this approach is safe enough to be included in a randomised trial.
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PMID:Nephrectomy combined with perioperative alpha-interferon in the treatment of advanced local and minimally metastatic renal cell cancer. 202 71

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is the least common malignant pulmonary neoplasm, with less than 100 reported cases. This tumour occurs up to three times more commonly in males. There exists an age peak in the third and fourth decades, although approximately one quarter of cases occur in children, often in association with congenital lung disease. Although the clinical features of PB are not specific, the histopathological appearance is distinctive, showing an admixture of both epithelial and mesenchymal (sarcomatous) elements. Historically, surgery has been the most commonly used modality for localized disease: however, useful data on local control rates are lacking. Extrathoracic metastases are the major cause of treatment failure in PB, with chemotherapy having little impact in this disease. The role of radiation therapy in the management of PB has not been established, however, early radioresponsiveness was demonstrated in the palliative treatment of soft tissue and bone metastases in the case presented: radiation therapy should be considered in the management of this disease.
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PMID:Pulmonary blastoma. 226 8

The aim of this work was to study the possible utility of simultaneous determination of CA 125 and CA 19.9 in patients with lung cancer. Serum levels of both markers were studied in 87 patients without metastases (Mo), 72 patients with distant metastases (MT) and 15 cases without clinical evidence of disease after primary treatment (NED). Sixty-five tumors were epidermoid, 34 were adenocarcinomas, 24 were cell undifferentiated carcinomas and 51 were small-cell carcinomas. Sera from 75 healthy subjects and 20 patients with benign lung disease were used as controls. The cut-off values used were 35 and 37 U/ml for CA 125 and CA 19.9, respectively. CA 125 and CA 19.9 serum levels were within normal limits in all control patients. In NED patients these markers were not elevated, except in one with chronic liver disease who showed elevated CA 19.9 (76 U/ml). Twenty-five percent of Mo lung cancer patients and 40.3% of MT cases had CA 19.9 over 37 U/ml. Abnormally high levels of CA 125 were found in 18.7% and 22.9% of Mo and MT patients, respectively. Sixty percent of patients with large cell undifferentiated carcinoma had elevated CA 125 (mean 176 U/ml) compared to 15.4% of patients with all other histological types of tumors combined (54.3 U/ml, p less than 0.01). CA 19.9 serum levels were also more often elevated in patients with large cell undifferentiated carcinomas (50%, 7/14 cases) than in other histological types (30%, 36/120 patients), but the difference was not statistically significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Relationship of CA 125 and CA 19.9 with lung carcinoma histological subtype: preliminary study. 256 Jul 89


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