Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A liver transplant was performed on a 4-year-old female in liver failure caused by hereditary tyrosinaemia, with hepatocellular carcinoma following a negative evaluation for metastases. However, serum alpha-fetoprotein levels never returned to normal after the surgery. Urinary succinylacetone (SA) was detected in her urine prior to transplantation despite strict adherence to a low-tyrosine diet. Other patients with severe liver disease awaiting liver transplantation do not excrete SA in the urine. She continued to excrete SA during the postoperative period despite normal liver functions. Oral tyrosine loading resulted in significant elevation of SA excretion. Possible explanations for this observation and clinical and therapeutic relevance are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Persistent succinylacetone excretion after liver transplantation in a patient with hereditary tyrosinaemia type I. 258 Oct 63

The authors evaluate five-year ultrasonographic material (13,672 examinations) focused on non-cystic liver disease. 8212 examinations (60.1%) were made as part of examinations of the gallbladder, 4919 (36%) as part of examination of the right sub-costal area or other organs and only 541 examinations (3.96%) were focused in the first place on the liver. The total number of examined patients included 7830 women (57.3%) and 5842 men (42.7%). Most frequently the ultrasonographic picture of steatosis was found--in 747 patients (5.46%), cirrhosis of the liver in 45 patients (0.33%), primary carcinoma of the liver was present in 7 patients (0.05%) and tumour metastases in 63 patients (0.46%). The group of women with steatosis comprised 42 diabetic women (32.06%), 78 overweight women (59.5%) and 18 with excessive alcohol intake for several years (13.7%). In the group of men with steatosis there were 48 diabetics (7.79%), 92 overweight (14.9%) and 479 with excessive alcohol intake extending over several years (77.7%). In the group of 34 men with cirrhosis excessive alcohol intake for years was found in 31 (91.2%), in the group of eight women with cirrhosis in five instances (62.5%). In abdominal ultrasonography liver disease must be actively searched for, in particular in patients with long-term alcohol intake, overweight, diabetes and long-term use of various hepatotropic drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Non-cystic diseases of the liver in a 5-year ultrasonographic study]. 266 Apr

Total lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27) and LD isoenzymes were determined in serum of 170 patients with metastatic liver disease, 35 of whom had multiple metastatic sites. Overall, values of LD were above normal for 78% of the 170 patients. Half of the patients had an isomorphic pattern of LD isoenzymes (i.e., relative increase in all five isoenzymes); the other half had an increased LD-4,5 pattern, mostly a solitary increase in LD-5 only. Of those patients with normal LD values, 92% had the increased LD-4,5 pattern, whereas 70% of patients with LD values greater than 350 U/L had an isomorphic pattern of LD isoenzymes. All 35 patients with multiple metastatic sites had LD activity greater than 350 U/L; in the majority of them (74%) it was greater than 500 U/L; in 31 (89%), the increase was isomorphic. The diagnostic efficiency of the combined LD greater than 225 U/L (upper limit of normal) and increased LD-4,5 test results was much better than that of LD greater than 225 U/L alone (93% vs 74%). We conclude that serum LD and LD isoenzymes should be determined in every patient with suspected liver metastatic disease. The isomorphic pattern of LD isoenzymes is apparently associated with higher values for total LD and was common among the patients with multiple metastatic sites.
 ...
PMID:Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in serum of patients with metastatic liver disease. 272 Sep 85

During the last 5-year period aggressive surgical debulking was performed in 19 of 21 consecutive patients with the midgut carcinoid syndrome. Two patients were excluded due to severe cardiac disease. Fourteen of the patients had hepatic metastases. Carcinoid symptoms can occur also in patients without proven liver disease with sole lymph node metastases or retroperitoneal tumours. In 4 patients all metastatic tumour tissue could be removed resulting in biochemical cure and no symptoms. In patients with multifocal hepatic metastases surgical debulking was followed by transarterial embolisations of the hepatic arteries. All patients had good symptomatic relief of the combined surgical and radiological treatment. Five patients had currently stable disease anatomically and biochemically, 2 slowly progressive disease and one patient has a more rapid progression. Three patients have just undergone debulking and are waiting for further treatment. During the observation period 4 patients have died. Of these deaths one was related to the surgical procedures. After the introduction of somatostatin analogues major surgery can be performed safely in these patients with little risk of carcinoid crises. The role of additional drug therapy in these rare patients must be evaluated critically in randomized multicenter trials using a common surgical primary treatment.
 ...
PMID:Surgical treatment of patients with the carcinoid syndrome. 274 79

The hepatic perfusion index (HPI) may be of value in the diagnosis of liver micro-metastases. However, raised values of HPI also occur in some benign liver conditions (e.g. cirrhosis), thereby weakening the diagnostic power of this test. It has been suggested that infusion of the vaso-active agent angiotensin II might improve the predictive value of dynamic scintigraphy because it has been shown to alter liver perfusion in patients with metastatic liver disease. Basal HPI values were not significantly different in a group of patients with metastases (n = 10) and a group with cirrhosis (n = 9). A significant rise in HPI occurred in the metastatic group using angiotensin II enhancement (p less than 0.01, Wilcoxon test). In the cirrhotic group there was no significant increase in the HPI with angiotensin II enhancement. Within the groups, there was considerable variation in response, with eight of ten metastatic and five of nine cirrhotic patients showing a rise in HPI during an angiotensin II infusion. As a result, there was complete overlap in the angiotensin II enhanced HPI for the two groups. Angiotensin II enhancement of HPI is therefore unlikely to improve the diagnostic power of dynamic scintigraphy in individual patients with established hepatic disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical evaluation of angiotensin II enhanced perfusion scintigraphy in metastatic liver disease. 281 38

The ascitic fluid concentrations of cholesterol and fibronectin and the serum-ascites albumin difference were compared with two conventional tests of ascitic fluid, total protein and LDH, in their diagnostic ability for detection of malignancy in ascitic samples from 69 patients with ascites: 54 with ascites due to liver disease and 15 whose ascites was caused by peritoneal metastases. Sixteen cirrhotic patients with superimposed hepatocellular carcinoma in whom ascites was of uncertain etiology were considered separately. The mean ascitic fluid total protein, LDH, cholesterol, and fibronectin values in the peritoneal metastases group were 3.70 +/- 1.20 g/dl, 247.26 +/- 148.14 units/liter, 109.06 +/- 29.85 mg/dl, and 91.57 +/- 41.52 micrograms/ml, respectively, and all were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the liver disease group (P less than 0.001), which were 1.37 +/- 0.59 g/dl, 75.40 +/- 110.70 units/liter, 23.75 +/- 11.22 mg/dl, and 31.86 +/- 10.51 micrograms/ml, respectively. Mean serum-ascites albumin difference in the peritoneal metastases group was 0.62 +/- 0.38 g/dl, which was significantly different from the corresponding value in the liver disease group (1.92 +/- 0.41 g/dl, P less than 0.001). Both ascitic cholesterol above 46 mg/dl and an ascitic fibronectin concentration greater than 50 micrograms/ml had high diagnostic accuracy (97%) for malignancy, being higher than that achieved using a serum-ascites albumin difference under 1.1 g/dl and an ascitic total protein above 2.5 g/dl, which had accuracies of 94% and 93%, respectively. Ascitic fluid LDH was the least reliable test. No differences in the ascitic fluid analysis were found between cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of malignant ascites. Comparison of ascitic fibronectin, cholesterol, and serum-ascites albumin difference. 283 70

The factors influencing survival for patients with cancer of the liver were studied by reviewing the records of 414 patients operated on in a private oncology practice. Approximately half (47%) had colorectal metastasis; 17% had metastatic breast carcinoma, 14% had malignant hepatoma, 5% had metastatic melanoma, and the remainder had a variety of primary cancers. Eighty-two per cent of all patients had advanced liver disease when first diagnosed. One quarter of the patients had some type of resection; the remainder had abdominal exploration plus insertion of an infusion catheter into the hepatic artery. The postoperative mortality rate after liver resection for 108 patients was 6.5%. After resection, the most important prognostic factor influencing survival was the presence or absence of extrahepatic metastases. When possible, resection was by far the best treatment available, and the best results were seen in patients who had resection of a solitary lesion. For advanced disease, when resection was not possible, intra-arterial chemotherapy, primarily with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), was associated with response rates of 36% for colorectal cancer, 45% for breast cancer, 13% for hepatocellular cancer, 12% for melanoma, and 14% for metastases from other primary sites. The patients who responded to infusion lived longer than those who did not respond. For example, at 18 months, 26% of the responders with colorectal cancer were alive, as were 50% of the responders with breast cancer and 40% of the responders with hepatocellular cancer. In contrast, at 18 months, there were no survivors among the nonresponders with colorectal, breast, or hepatocellular cancer. For those patients treated solely by infusion chemotherapy, the extent of disease in the liver was the most reliable factor in predicting the length of survival. However, very few patients treated in this manner lived longer than 3 years.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of cancer of the liver. Twenty years' experience with infusion and resection in 414 patients. 283 23

The course of the disease of critically ill patients is complicated and prognosis worsened by failure of one or more organs. During intensive care monitoring and treatment of vital functions most attention usually is paid to the cardio-pulmonary and renal system; liver function is neglected rather often. In a retrospective study 100 critically ill patients were evaluated, who had serum bilirubin levels above 3,0 mg/dl, but no primary liver disease. Excluded were patients who had liver destruction caused for instance by liver abscess or metastases, and patients with acute hemolysis and extrahepatic cholestasis. Severe infection was the primary cause of disease in 64% of these critically ill patients without primary liver dysfunction; 52% patients had septicemia, 37% patients were in a post-operative or post-traumatic status, 28% patients had severe gastrointestinal complications, 23% had myocardial pump failure, 32% had protracted shock, 29% had hematological disease, 59% had lung failure, and 58% renal failure. It was tried to find a correlation between the different liver function parameters in this group of patients. In spite of rather pronounced pathological findings a statistically significant correlation could only be found between SGPT and SLDH. This study demonstrates the importance of liver involvement in critically ill patients on the one side and the necessity of comprehensive and repeatedly performed investigations of liver function in such patients on the other side.
 ...
PMID:[Liver function disorders and damage in critically ill intensive care patients]. 286 63

A retrospective analysis of 860 liver biopsy specimens processed by the Department of Pathology of Addis Ababa University was made to determine the frequencies of the various histopathological lesions seen among Ethiopians admitted with liver disease. One hundred fifty six (18.1%) of the specimens were inadequate for precise pathological diagnosis. Liver cirrhosis accounted for 25.4% (179) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma for 19.2% (135) of all diagnoses. Porphyria cutanea tarda was diagnosed in 12.4% (87) of the biopsy specimens. Hepatitis, metastases to the liver, and hepatic granulomata were present in 8.8% (62), 4.5% (32) and 2.8% (20) of the specimens respectively. In countries like Ethiopia where autopsies and diagnostic facilities are limited, and liver diseases prevalent, percutaneous needle biopsy is a useful procedure to define the histopathology of different types of liver disease.
 ...
PMID:Histopathological features of liver disease in hospitalized Ethiopian patients. 292 Jul 10

Fifty-one patients (16 with malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction, ten with benign extrahepatic biliary obstruction, eight with alcoholic liver disease, five with viral hepatitis and 12 with liver metastases) and 19 adult healthy controls were studied with determinations of beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (a lysosomal enzyme which is cleared from the circulation by the Kupffer cells), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serum bilirubin, alkaline-phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Both CEA and beta-NAH were elevated in each disease group. Elevated beta-NAH levels distinguished between benign and malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction better than CEA levels. Beta-NAH levels for the malignant and the benign groups were 47.6 +/- 14.7 U/l and 23.0 +/- 4.7 U/l (mean +/- S.D.) respectively. The groups differed significantly (P less than 0.001). Plasma CEA levels for both groups were 18.7 +/- 38.9 and 7.2 +/- 3.3 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.) respectively. Beta-NAH levels for the 19 normal controls were 15.8 +/- 3.5 U/l (mean +/- S.D.). Beta-NAH also was significantly elevated in patients with hepatic metastases (36.9 +/- 20.1 U/l). In 25 cancer patients with metastases other than in the liver beta-NAH levels (18.3 +/- 5.2) were not significantly elevated over the control group. It has potential value as a marker for non-CEA-producing liver metastases.
 ...
PMID:Serum beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (beta-NAH) as a discriminant between malignant and benign extrahepatic biliary obstruction: comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 293 60


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>