Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The local and systemic invasiveness of soft-tissue sarcomas may depend upon an interaction between the primary tumour and the extracellular matrix in which the proteolytic enzyme, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), may have an important role. We analyzed the expression of uPA in soft-tissue sarcoma using a luminescent immunoassay technique, and examined the relationships between different uPA levels and tumour characteristics and behaviour. We evaluated 69 adult patients with surgically treated soft-tissue sarcomas (MFH 43, leiomyosarcoma 8, liposarcoma 5, synovial sarcoma 4, others 9) of the extremities and trunk wall. Sixteen developed local recurrences, 26 developed metastases, and 5 had both. The median follow-up for survivors was 55 (30-80) months. The median uPA level was 1.4 (0.04-10.6) ng/mg protein. Increasing uPA levels correlated with increasing grade, malignant fibrous histiocytomas, leiomyosarcomas, DNA non-diploidy, tumour necrosis, local recurrence, and metastasis. Storiform-pleomorphic MFH had higher uPA levels than the myxoid variant. A cut-off value of 0.25 ng/mg protein was identified, above which local recurrence and metastasis occurred more frequently. High uPA levels appear to reflect the malignant phenotype in soft-tissue sarcoma, thus supporting the role of uPA as a prognostic indicator.
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PMID:Urokinase-plasminogen-activator levels and prognosis in 69 soft-tissue sarcomas. 879 66

The liposarcoma is mainly located in the retroperitoneum and rarely involves the spermatic cord. Dissemination occurs more often via haematogenous way than by lymphatic way. The incidence of local recurrence is higher than distant metastases. The treatment of choice is the wide excision. Adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended in the well differentiated and myxoid type of tumors if the local control during excision is not complete or wide enough. Benefit of chemotherapy is still controversial and limited. Case report of a stage 1 liposarcoma of the spermatic cord, four years after excision of a large lipoma during a hernia repair. The treatment consisted in radical excision of this liposarcoma without any adjuvant therapy. Follow-up of 30 months without recurrence.
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PMID:[Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord]. 898 55

There are no specific MRI features which are diagnostic in bone and soft tissue sarcomas, but a combination of certain findings allows an accurate diagnosis in some cases including giant cell tumour, chondrosarcoma, liposarcoma, neurofibrosarcoma, aggressive fibromatosis and pigmented villonodular synovitis. MRI is the method of choice for staging bone and soft tissue sarcomas. It is of particular use for identifying satellite nodules and skip lesions within the same bone or anatomical compartment. CT scan is important for screening for pulmonary metastases, and bone scan remains useful for screening for distant skeletal disease. The biopsy should be planned and performed after any MRI examination. MRI is the most sensitive post-therapy evaluation for local recurrence of bone and soft tissue sarcoma.
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PMID:The role of magnetic resonance imaging. When to use it and what to look for. 905 83

To date, only 14 cases of myxoid liposarcoma of the spermatic cord have been reported in the literature. The growth is a rare, usually highly differentiated malignancy that tends to recur locally, rarely metastasizes, and has a good prognosis following complete removal. We describe a new case of a highly differentiated myxoid liposarcoma of the spermatic cord, combined with an angiolipoma. Left inguinal orchiectomy with high ligation of the cord was performed. Staging revealed no evidence of regional or distal metastases. By the latest visit, at 30 months, the tumor had not recurred. The diagnosis, management, and prognosis of this oncologic entity are discussed in the light of the literature.
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PMID:Combined myxoid liposarcoma and angiolipoma of the spermatic cord. 911 43

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) has been defined as a tumor composed of well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL) associated with or progressing to a nonlipogenic, high-grade sarcoma. One might expand this definition of DDL to include low-grade dedifferentiation (LGDD), because tumors with LGDD alone are capable of metastasizing. We studied 20 cases of retroperitoneal WDL with or without LGDD and/or high-grade dedifferentiation (HGDD) to semiquantitate the amount of WDL, LGDD, and HGDD in each case and to correlate the amounts of these components with clinical outcome. For each case, a composite estimate of each of these components was obtained. Thirteen patients (65%) of 20 had an adverse outcome (AO). Within this group, metastatic disease developed in 3 patients, 2 of whom had areas of HGDD (40% and 20%) in their initial excisions, whereas 1 patient had 30% LGDD and 0% HGDD. Of the patients with AOs, 12 (92%) had LGDD areas, 4 (31%) had HGDD areas, and 1 (8%) had pure WDL. Of the seven patients without AOs, three had recurrences, but metastatic disease did not develop in any. All of these seven patients had some element of WDL, five (71%) had LGDD areas, two (29%) had HGDD areas (20% in both cases), and two (29%) had pure WDL. There was no significant difference in clinical outcome between those patients with WDL and those with WDL/LGDD or WDL/LGDD/HGDD. We conclude that recurrences develop in most patients with retroperitoneal WDL and that most of these patients die as a result of local effects of the tumor. Metastases are rare and may occur in patients with tumors with either LGDD, HGDD, or both but do not occur in pure WDL. Neither the amount of LGDD nor HGDD correlates with clinical outcome. LGDD areas, as defined in this study, are commonly seen in de novo retroperitoneal WDLs.
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PMID:Well-differentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum: a clinicopathologic analysis of 20 cases, with particular attention to the extent of low-grade dedifferentiation. 912 16

Aggressive angiomyxomas are uncommon but distinct soft-tissue neoplasms occurring predominantly in the pelvis and peritoneum of females, but they have occasionally been reported in association with inguinal hernias in males. Histologically, these neoplasms are characterized by a proliferation of spindle- or stellate-shaped cells widely separated by loose myxoid stroma in which is dispersed a prominent vascular component. The vascular component is comprised of large, thick-walled vessels that generally to not show an arborizing pattern. Mitotic activity has been exceedingly low in the cases reported. Because of their occurrence within the groin, these lesions may undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Cytologic examination of this material will reveal hypocellular smears containing scattered spindle cells with bipolar cytoplasmic processes, as well as bland stellate cells. The nuclei are fusiform to oval with a bland chromatin pattern. The stromal cells lie in a background of watery myxoid material. While specific diagnosis by FNA is not possible, the recognition of this cytologic appearance should exclude lymphoproliferative processes as well as metastatic disease from the differential diagnosis. Careful attention to cytologic detail should also help exclude certain other myxoid neoplasms, especially myxoid liposarcoma. Once the myxoid stromal nature of the proliferation is recognized, a differential diagnosis of myxoid lesions can be considered along with a recommendation for open biopsy to establish the definitive diagnosis.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology findings in a case of aggressive angiomyxoma: a case report and review of the literature. 914 44

Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma is arguably the commonest type of liposarcoma occurring in the extremities and may show gradual progression from low-grade, pure myxoid liposarcoma to high-grade round cell liposarcoma. Rarely myxoid/round cell liposarcoma is associated with areas of well-differentiated or pleomorphic liposarcoma (mixed liposarcoma). We describe the clinicopathological features of three unusual myxoid/round cell liposarcomas which showed morphological features of de novo dedifferentiation. All patients were male and were aged 66, 70 and 76 years, respectively. One lesion each arose in the retroperitoneum, inguinal region and peritoneal cavity. Histologically, in one case the myxoid/round cell component was juxtaposed to a high-grade non-lipogenic component resembling non-pleomorphic storiform 'malignant fibrous histiocytoma' ('MFH'), one case showed a combination of myxoid liposarcoma and a high-grade myxofibrosarcoma-like component (so-called myxoid 'MFH'), and in the third case, a well-differentiated myxoid liposarcoma with a discontinuous micronodular pattern of dedifferentiation was seen. Follow-up information of 30, 28 and 26 months revealed two recurrences each in two patients. These patients died of postoperative pulmonary embolism and abdominal haemorrhage, respectively; systemic metastases were not noted. These cases demonstrate that myxoid/round cell liposarcoma can show, albeit very rarely, histological features of dedifferentiation. Cases like these, combined with the occurrence of mixed-type liposarcoma (well-differentiated/myxoid liposarcoma) and the vicinity of chromosomal regions involved by specific karyotypic aberrations in these tumours, suggest that myxoid/round cell liposarcoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma (including its dedifferentiated variant) are more closely related in biological terms than is generally believed.
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PMID:Dedifferentiated myxoid liposarcoma: a clinicopathological study suggesting a closer relationship between myxoid and well-differentiated liposarcoma. 918 67

The association between venous thrombosis and cancer has been known for a long time. Thrombophlebitis often occurs during the course of a known cancer, but sometimes constitutes the presenting sign. Based on a series of 10 cases of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) revealing an underlying cancer, the authors analyse the various aspects of this association and the elements which help to guide the diagnosis towards a cancer. A simple assessment comprising clinical examination, full blood count and differential white cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, protein electrophoresis, chest x-ray and abdomino-pelvic ultrasonography was performed on admission in 75 cases of presumably idiopathic DVT and revealed a cancer in 10 cases: 6 women and 4 men with a mean age of 53 years. Cancers were located in the urogenital tract in 5 cases, in the bronchi in 2 cases, in the stomach in one case, and there was one case of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and another case of liposarcoma of the left iliac fossa. The histological type most frequently encountered was adenocarcinoma in 6 cases. In 9 out of 10 cases, the cancer was discovered at the stage of metastases. However, a localized cancer was detected in one case, in which surgical treatment allowed cure of the patient. Comparison of the various characteristics of DVT between the group of DVT revealing a cancer and the group of DVT which remained idiopathic did not reveal any statistically significant difference. A simple, inexpensive assessment looking for a cancer must be systematically performed in all cases of idiopathic DVT in patients between the ages of 50 and 85 years. Other more elaborate examinations may be requested on the basis of the results of the preliminary assessment.
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PMID:[Deep venous thromboses and occult cancers]. 918 94

Liposarcoma of the lung is extremely rare with only 11 cases previously reported. A case of a locally advanced pulmonary pleomorphic liposarcoma in a 49-year-old male is presented. Surgery was performed but radical resection was not possible. Post-operative radiotherapy (40 Gy) was given concurrently with cisplatin (12.5 mg daily for 10 days). A partial response of short duration was obtained. The patient died 8 months following surgery with disseminated disease. Based on reports in the literature, liposarcoma of the lung must be classified as an aggressive highly metastatic disease responding poorly to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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PMID:Primary lung liposarcoma. 923 62

We reviewed 277 patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) treated between 1975 and 1995 to study the incidence, distribution, time of appearance, and radiological findings of skeletal metastases. Of these, 28 (10.1%) had metastases within a mean period of 18.6 months after admission. The incidence of skeletal metastases differed among the histological subtypes of sarcoma; alveolar soft-part sarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, angiosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma tended to show higher incidences. The regional bones close to the primary tumour were affected in 13 (46.4%) of the 28 patients, and the axial bones in 18 (64.3%). Radiologically, the metastatic bony lesions predominantly showed osteolytic changes, and there were pathological fractures in 21 of 44 lesions.
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PMID:Skeletal metastases from soft-tissue sarcomas. Incidence, patterns, and radiological features. 925 Jul 36


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