Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous renal neoplasms in the rat are uncommon. This paper presents the incidence and histopathological features of various long-term developing renal tumors observed in control rats from 17 carcinogenicity studies (1340 males and 1329 females) in Sprague-Dawley rats and 10 carcinogenicity studies (530 males and 530 females) in Fischer-344 (F-344) rats. Renal cell adenoma (0.08% in Sprague-Dawley and 0.28% in F-344), lipoma/liposarcoma (0.37% in Sprague-Dawley and 0.75% in F-344) and transitional cell carcinoma (0.07% in Sprague-Dawley and 0.09% in F-344) were observed in both Sprague-Dawley (0.49%) and F-344 (1.13%) rats. Pulmonary metastasis was observed from one case of transitional cell carcinoma. Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the lung and liver was seen in one F-344 rat. In addition, transitional cell papilloma and nephroblastomas were also observed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Metastases from nephroblastoma were seen in the lungs and renal lymph node in two cases. In both rat strains, the tumor incidence was higher in males than in females.
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PMID:Spontaneous renal neoplasms in rats. 838 57

An infant girl with Aicardi syndrome, scalp lipomas, and angiosarcoma of a limb is reported. The cavernous hemangioma of the leg was benign when biopsied at age 5 months but became malignant at 11 months. Angiosarcoma caused multiple distant metastases which were evident at autopsy at age 19 months. This is the first case of Aicardi syndrome associated with lipoma and metastatic angiosarcoma.
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PMID:Aicardi syndrome, metastatic angiosarcoma of the leg, and scalp lipoma. 845 30

Liposarcoma is second in frequency only to malignant fibrous histiocytoma among the soft-tissue sarcomas. It occurs almost exclusively in adults and is found most often in the thigh or retroperitoneum. It rarely arises from a lipoma and does not occur in the subcutaneous tissues. Liposarcomas are divided into histologic subtypes with different microscopic appearances and slightly different behavior characteristics. Surgical resection with a wide surgical margin is the treatment of choice. When amputation is required to obtain an adequate surgical margin, local irradiation can be used as an adjuvant and a limb-sparing operation can be done. Currently, no evidence exists that adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated for patients with liposarcoma, although numerous studies are being done to investigate its use. As is the case for all sarcomas, the lung is the most common site of metastasis; however, liposarcoma has an unusual propensity to metastasize to the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and bone.
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PMID:Liposarcoma. 847 32

A total of 85 patients with paratesticular tumours were diagnosed over a period of 36 years at this hospital; 66 patients (78%) had benign tumours, usually either an adenomatoid tumour or a lipoma. Of the remaining 19 malignant cases, 10 were primary neoplasms and 9 were metastases. A rare mucin-secreting epididymal adenocarcinoma was the only primary malignant epithelial tumour, the others being of mesenchymal origin. In 4/9 metastatic cases the initial presentation of a paratesticular swelling led to the discovery of the occult primary neoplasm following histological examination. Clinical features of a painful or painless mass, with or without an accompanying hydrocele, do not help to distinguish a benign from a malignant lesion. The prognosis of malignant tumours of mesenchymal origin depends mainly on the histological grade. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment and adjuvant therapy significantly improves the chances of survival only in young patients with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcomas. Older patients with high grade tumours usually succumb to their disease despite chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.
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PMID:Tumours of the spermatic cord and paratesticular tissue. A clinicopathological study. 851 70

The interest for the primary solid tumors of the mesentery (TSPM) is justified by the difficulties of preoperative diagnosis and surgical treatment of these unusual lesions. We analyzed 68 TSPM operated in the Department of General Surgery of Fundeni Hospital between 1960-1993. In the study were included only the lymphoma presented as mesenteric masses (n = 17); the enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes were excluded. The most common malignant tumor was the fibroma (n = 8) and lipoma (n = 10). In the resection of mesenteric tumors exposure of the superior mesenteric vessels is important. The relation between tumoral and superior mesenteric vessels is the necessary criterion of resectability: in 41 cases from 43 unresectable lesions the reason of unresectability was the invasion of the superior mesenteric vein and artery; in only two cases the reason was the presence of liver metastases. The resectability was not influenced by the multiplicity of the lesions: in all cases with multiple mesenteric tumors (6 patients) the resection was performed. The distant metastases of TSPM are rare; on the contrary, the local invasion is common.
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PMID:[Primary solid tumors of the mesentery]. 864 27

The main pleural disorders are: effusion, thickening, masses and pneumothorax. Chest radiography is the first approach to evaluation of pleural disease; further evaluation is based upon ultrasounds (US), computed tomography (CT), and high-resolution CT (HRCT). The typical appearance of free pleural effusion is a homogeneous opacity with concave upper boundary; subpulmonic or intrafissural collections may also occur; the exudative effusions can be organized by adhesions between the pleural layers; consequently, loculated collections result. Radiographs allow us to assess the presence, amount and arrangement of effusions, but US and, especially, CT are needed to detect the modifications of the underlying pleura: circumferential thickenings, irregular and more than 1 cm thick are mostly malignant and denote mesothelioma or metastases: subtle and regular thickening is the typical appearance of fibrosis; a normal pleura does not exclude a malignant effusion. CT plays a major role in the diagnosis and management of empyema and in differentiating it from the pulmonary abscess. With CT it is also possible to differentiate the true pleural thickening from the false one due to a simple increase of extrapleural fat, and to disclose the activity of a fibrothorax through the detection of a small amount of fluid between the pleural layers. Pleural plaques are clearly visible by conventional radiography, especially with oblique views; US and CT are needed in the assessment of pleural tumors (fibroma, lipoma, fibro- and liposarcoma) and in determining the involvement of the lung and the chest wall. Pneumothorax is easily detected by conventional radiographs in the upright patient; when supine, the air collects in the anterobasal regions and particular projections are required; CT can reveal small amounts of air and is recommended in critically ill or trauma patients.
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PMID:Imaging of pleural diseases. 868 Mar 81

Common histologic variants of liposarcoma are readily recognized. Histologic classification might be difficult, however, when liposarcoma demonstrates cartilaginous differentiation. Although this phenomenon has previously been noted, it has not, to our knowledge, been reported as a specific pathologic entity. All three patients in the present study were men, ages 37, 42, and 63 years. Each presented with a solitary, enlarging mass of the thigh that was surgically excised. The tumors ranged in size from 8 to 13 cm. Microscopically, each lesion displayed characteristic features of myxoid liposarcoma; in addition, all possessed discrete, rounded foci of mature-appearing hyaline cartilage. One case displayed small foci showing chondrocyte atypia. No other patterns of mesenchymal differentiation were present. All patients received postoperative radiation therapy. No recurrences or metastases have been identified (mean duration, 39 mo). Myxoid liposarcomas with cartilaginous differentiation are of importance because they might be misdiagnosed as malignant mesenchymoma. The latter, if not qualified as to histologic grade, might be presumed to be a biologically more aggressive lesion. In addition, these lesions must be distinguished from two benign processes: chondroid lipoma and extraskeletal chondroma with lipoblast-like cells. Additional studies of this uncommon variant of liposarcoma will be necessary to document further its status as a low-grade sarcoma.
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PMID:Myxoid liposarcoma with cartilaginous differentiation. 868 23

Lipomatous tumors are a common group of mesenchymal lesions. Over the years the major changes in the classification of lipomatous tumors have included the addition of several new variants of lipoma, the use of the term atypical lipoma for well differentiated liposarcoma of the subcutaneous tissue, and recognition of the entity dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Lipomas, the most common lipomatous tumor, account for nearly one-half of all benign lesions. In their typical form they seldom present diagnostic problems for the pathologist. However, lipomas occurring in deep locations (e.g., intramuscular lipoma, perineural lipoma) or those having unusual features (e.g., chondroid lipoma, lipoma with hibernoma, cellular angiolipoma, spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma) may be confused with liposarcoma. Recent cytogenetic studies have reaffirmed the separate nature of many of the variants of lipoma. Solitary lipomas commonly have rearrangements of chromosome 12, a finding not encountered in multiple lipomas or in spindle cell/ pleomorphic lipoma. Liposarcoma is the most common adult soft tissue sarcoma. It seldom arises from subcutaneous tissues or from preexisting lipomas, and is seldom found in children. The hallmark of liposarcoma is the immature fat cell or lipoblast. Diagnostic lipoblasts have an eccentric, hyperchromatic nucleus, which is indented or scalloped by the presence of one or more fat vacuoles. It is important that these cells occur in the appropriate histologic background because similar cells can be seen in a variety of nonlipomatous lesions (e.g., silicone reaction). Failure to apply strict criteria in identifying such cells and in noting the milieu in which they occur can lead to overdiagnosis of liposarcoma. Liposarcomas are divided into several subtypes: well differentiated, myxoid, round cell, pleomorphic, and dedifferentiated. Liposarcomas can be conceptualized as occurring in two broad groups, myxoid/round cell liposarcoma and well differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Myxoid/round cell liposarcomas occur in middle-aged adults primarily as an extremity lesion. Tumors range from pure myxoid (low grade) to pure round cell (high-grade lesions) with some cases having transitional features. Behavior can be related to the amount of round cell areas. A consistent chromosome abnormality t(12;16) characterizes this spectrum of lesions. Well differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcomas, in contrast, occur in late adult life as extremity or retroperitoneal lesions. They consist of mature fat interlaced with atypical hyperchromatic cells and rare lipoblasts. These lesions recur commonly, but they do not metastasize. Their behavior is strongly influenced by location, with retroperitoneal lesions having the worse prognosis. As a long-term complication of the disease, these lesions may progress histologically (dedifferentiate), a phenomenon that confers upon them metastatic potential. Dedifferentiation is largely a time-dependent phenomenon that occurs in sites in which there is a high likelihood for clinical persistence of disease (e.g., the retroperitoneum). Dedifferentiated liposarcomas occur in an age group similar to well differentiated liposarcoma, but are found far more commonly in the retroperitoneum. Most occur as de novo lesions, with only a small percentage occurring as a late complication of well differentiated liposarcoma, as described above. They consist of well differentiated areas associated with nonlipogenic sarcoma usually resembling high-grade malignant fibrous histiocytoma or fibrosarcoma. However, the range of histologic features occurring in the dedifferentiated areas is more varied than previously appreciated. Low-grade areas resembling fibromatosis or low-grade fibrosarcoma may be seen as the sole expression of dedifferentiation or may co-exist with high-grade sarcoma. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
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PMID:Lipomatous tumors. 874 79

The liposarcoma is mainly located in the retroperitoneum and rarely involves the spermatic cord. Dissemination occurs more often via haematogenous way than by lymphatic way. The incidence of local recurrence is higher than distant metastases. The treatment of choice is the wide excision. Adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended in the well differentiated and myxoid type of tumors if the local control during excision is not complete or wide enough. Benefit of chemotherapy is still controversial and limited. Case report of a stage 1 liposarcoma of the spermatic cord, four years after excision of a large lipoma during a hernia repair. The treatment consisted in radical excision of this liposarcoma without any adjuvant therapy. Follow-up of 30 months without recurrence.
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PMID:[Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord]. 898 55

Lipoblastoma/lipoblastomatosis is an uncommon benign adipose tissue tumor of children. Since 1958, 25 of these tumors from 24 patients have been reviewed in the Department of Pathology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Tumors were resected from 19 boys (79%) and five girls, and 20 patients (84%) were < or =5 years of age at diagnosis. Twenty-three tumors presented as painless superficial soft-tissue masses; one tumor was retroperitoneal and was discovered because of vomiting; one hand tumor was present at birth. Tumors occurred in an extremity (n = 11 patients), the head and neck (n = 5), groin (n = 2), axilla (n = 2), back (n = 1), chest (n = 1), flank (n = 1), labia (n = 1), and retroperitoneum (n = 1). Thirteen tumors occurred on the left side, and five occurred on the right. Lesions measured 1.0-21.0 cm in greatest dimension; 15 of 25 (60%) measured < or =5.0 cm. The largest (retroperitoneal) tumor weighed 450 g. Eleven tumors were discrete lipoblastoma, and 14 had irregular margins (lipoblastomatosis). Microscopically, the tumors displayed adipocytes in different stages of maturation; lobules bordered by septae that were cellular in 11 cases; prominent blood vessels in 19 cases; and myxoid foci in 13 cases. Chart review of 22 patients showed that one tumor recurred 4 years after resection; one tumor recurred after 7 years as fibrolipoma; and one incompletely resected tumor enlarged and at second resection was lipoma. There were no metastases. Three patients also had hemangioma. Juvenile aponeurotic fibroma occurred in one patient near the site of resection of a lipoblastoma 4 years earlier. We conclude that lipoblastoma/lipoblastomatosis behaves benignly, occurs in both superficial and deep sites, occasionally attains large size, may mature, can recur, and may be associated with other benign soft-tissue lesions. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Lipoblastoma/lipoblastomatosis: a clinicopathologic study of 25 tumors. 933 Dec 84


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