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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of eleven cases of adenocarcinoma of the appendix that were studied, five were examples of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and four were examples of colonic-type adenocarcinoma. Two lesions were very distinctive, with thick, cord-like transformation of the appendix. The term linitis plastica carcinoma is proposed to describe this rare variant of appendiceal carcinoma. Justification for the separation of linitis plastica carcinoma from the other two types is based on morphological appearance and on outcome. Both our linitis plastica patients died of metastases within six months of surgery, whereas, in the other two groups, death was directly related to spread of the carcinoma in only two of nine patients.
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PMID:Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix. A clinicopathological study of 11 cases. 17 53

Linitis plastica denotes a diffuse, intramurally infiltrating, anaplastic carcinoma in a hollow structure resulting in a shrunken organ with thickened walls. Microscopically, linitis plastica is characterized by tumor cells in the presence of inflammatory changes with much fibrosis. Linitis plastica is found most frequently in the stomach where it may produce the classical "leather-bottle stomach". Metastases to the colon are frequent via contiguity along mesenteric fascial planes. Therefore, when linitis plastica carcinoma of the stomach or colon is found, the other organ must also be carefully examined. Although rare, primary linitis plastica carcinoma can occur in the colon where it is often characterized by a long stenotic lesion without irritability, sometimes appearing more like an inflammatory lesion than a carcinoma. While the radiological features are not diagnostic, they are, in many cases, suggestive of this entity. The entire spectrum of linitis plastica is reviewed in relationship to the gastrointestinal tract, synthesizing the pertinent literature, with correlation of clinical, pathophysiological, and specific radiological findings.
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PMID:Some specific radiological findings and consideration of linitis plastica of the gastrointestinal tract. 18 7

A 51-year-old man was hospitalized and operated on for gastric carcinoma with widespread metastases and died two months after the laparatomy and biopsy examination. Two years prior to the operation, he deveoped nephrotic syndrome. Anaplastic carcinoma, linitis plastica form, of the stomach was found in the tumor biopsy examination and at autopsy. Light and electron microscopical studies of the kidney biopsy specimen taken at laparatomy confirmed the presence of membranous glomerulopathy. An immunologic basis of the concomitant appearance of malignant neoplasms and nephrotic syndrome is possible, based on reported cases. There is also a possibility that renal damage occurs more commonly in malignant neoplasms, but is not recognized clinically.
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PMID:Membranous glomerulonephritis. An initial symptom of gastric carcinoma? 113 94

We describe five patients who were initially thought to have Crohn's disease and were treated accordingly. The original diagnosis was based upon clinical presentation, roentgenograms, and histological examination, but subsequent follow-up showed that diagnosis to be in error. The following diagnoses were established instead: tuberculosis, Actinomyces Israeli infection, reaction to gold therapy, metastatic cancer, and linitis plastica. We stress the importance of considering conditions that can mimic Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Diseases of the intestine mimicking Crohn's disease. 135 28

A 59-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy for diffuse, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed as linitis plastica. Loss of vision in the right eye 5 months later due to extensive choroidal tumours was the first indication of metastatic disease. Radiologic studies showed multiple bony metastases. The blind, painful eye was enucleated. Pathological examination of the globe showed massive metastatic mucus-secreting adenocarcinoma of the choroid, with positive immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of the foci of the more highly differentiated neoplastic cells. The plasma CEA level had been normal. The patient died 3 months after enucleation from metastatic disease.
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PMID:Gastric linitis plastica metastatic to the uvea. 175 16

Previous studies have assessed colorectal signet-ring cell carcinomas of the linitis plastica variant but not of the exophytic subtype. We retrospectively reviewed 20 cases of colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma of the exophytic subtype (greater than 50% signet-ring cells). The patients ranged in age from 14 to 79 years (mean, 51.8 years); 10 were male; 17 were white; and three were black. Ten tumors were colonic (eight, right sided; two, left sided) and 10 were rectal; seven were stage B and 12 were stage C. One patient presented with distant metastases. Eleven of 16 tumors assessed by flow cytometry were diploid. Parenchymal hepatic metastases developed in only two patients. The overall 5-year survival rate was 36%, and matched cases did not vary significantly in survival from typical nonmucinous adenocarcinomas. There was a trend toward poorer survival for patients with advanced-stage tumor. Survival was not affected by primary site, ploidy, presence of vascular/lymphatic invasion or residual adenoma, or percentage of extracellular mucin or signet-ring cells. Our cases were somewhat lower stage than literature cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the lintis plastica variant.
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PMID:Exophytic signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colorectum. 185 May 87

To determine the frequency and distribution of extrahepatic and extraskeletal metastases in patients with breast carcinoma, the abdominal CT scans of 260 consecutive patients were systematically evaluated. Extrahepatic and extraskeletal metastases were demonstrated in 26 patients (10%). Confirmation of findings was made by biopsy, autopsy, or by demonstration of progression or regression of disease. Twelve patients (4.6%) demonstrated metastases to the stomach, eleven of whom presented with a linitis plastica pattern. Retroperitoneal and/or mesenteric adenopathy was noted in 10 patients (3.8%), of whom three demonstrated associated hydronephrosis and one demonstrated associated biliary obstruction. Ascites was seen in 14 (5.4%) and peritoneal carcinomatosis in 7 (2.6%). Genitourinary involvement included metastases to the kidney (one case), ureter (one), and uterus (one). Direct invasion of the diaphragm by adjacent pleural metastases (two cases) as well as a soft tissue metastasis (one case) was also demonstrated. Metastases to the ovaries, adrenals, or pancreas could not be identified. Although lesions to the liver and skeleton account for the largest group of metastases from breast carcinoma seen in the abdomen, one should be aware of the potential for other locations of metastatic disease.
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PMID:Distribution of metastases in breast carcinoma: CT evaluation of the abdomen. 193 43

Gastric carcinoma of the linitis plastica type is occasionally difficult to diagnose endoscopically because of the large inflammatory response and the sparsity of tumor cells. Five patients who presented with signs and symptoms of gastric carcinoma underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to confirm the diagnosis of carcinoma. In each case the gross appearance of the stomach was felt to represent gastric carcinoma but the biopsy and/or brushing specimens were unable to make the diagnosis. Ultrasound or CT in each of these five patients demonstrated thickening of the gastric wall and, in one instance, evidence of extensive metastatic disease. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed and a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was made cytologically. Four were primary gastric adenocarcinoma of the linitis plastica type and one was metastatic adenocarcinoma from the breast. It is suggested that guided aspiration biopsy be performed when the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma cannot be confirmed endoscopically.
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PMID:CT or US-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in gastric neoplasms. 206 68

Of 1192 patients treated for breast cancer, four had extrahepatic gastro-intestinal metastases as first clinical manifestation of the tumour dissemination. One woman presented with gastric metastases mimicking a linitis plastica. Another had metastases localized to the rectum also mimicking a linitis plastica. Two women had peritoneal and retroperitoneal metastases that caused, in one case, a right hydronephrosis. Histology of the four primary tumours showed invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) mixed with invasive ductal carcinoma in two. However, ILC exclusively was found at the site of the gastro-intestinal metastases involving the serosal layer (two cases) and extending to the submucosa (one case) or to the mucosal stroma (one case). Thus, when a women with previous history of invasive lobular breast cancer experiences gastro-intestinal symptoms, particular attention should be paid to the large and deep biopsy of lesions to ascertain the histological type and whether oestrogen or progesterone receptors differ from those of the primary breast lesion. Since survival is extremely variable (one woman is alive 7 years after the discovery of gastro-intestinal metastases), treatment including surgery, hormonal manipulation and chemotherapy with the expectation of a cure is often justifiable, particularly if no other extensive metastases are present.
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PMID:Gastro-intestinal metastases as first clinical manifestation of the dissemination of a breast cancer. 215 8

A rare case of primary linitis plastica carcinoma of the colon seen in a 44 year old Japanese man is described herein. The patient had a complete obstruction of the descending colon and was treated with a loop colostomy followed shortly afterward by a left hemicolectomy. At the time of the second operation, the entire thickness of the colonic wall was found to be infiltrated by cancer cells, however, the other intraabdominal organs were free of cancerous involvement. The histopathological diagnosis made at this time was primary linitis plastica carcinoma of the descending colon. Nine months later, the patient developed an intestinal obstruction and relaparotomy revealed diffuse peritoneal dissemination. Two years after the first operation, upper GI films and a gastrofiberscopic examination revealed gastric involvement. The patient died 28 months after his initial operation, and autopsy revealed widespread metastases in the peritoneal surface, paraaortic lymph nodes, small intestine, remaining colon and stomach.
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PMID:Primary linitis plastica of the descending colon: a case report. 216 May 54


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