Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neoplasms originating from plasma cell are rare in the head and neck region. A correct clinical evaluation is very important in order to formulate a differential diagnosis as well as to distinguish local from metastatic disease. We report a case of larynx involvement by an IgA multiple myeloma in a 69-year-old female diagnosed in October 2004 and treated with chemotherapy; the 1 year control do not show progression of disease and the laryngeal lesion is unchanged. We highlight the radiological findings and clinical features to suspect plasma cell tumors in cases with a similar presentation.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2008 Jun
PMID:Thyroid cartilage involvement in patient affected by IgA multiple myeloma: case report. 1782 11

The incidence of skeletal muscle metastases is reported to be less than 1% of metastases of haematogenous origin. Distant skeletal muscle metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are exceedingly rare. Only a case with tongue carcinoma metastasized to paravertebral muscles, has been reported so far. The reasons for the rarity of metastatic involvement of skeletal muscle are still unclear. The presence of skeletal muscle metastases in the setting of disseminated disease offers no hope for curative treatment. We report an unusual case of a 63-year-old patient with tongue carcinoma metastasizing to the left shoulder muscles. To our knowledge, this is the first such case to be reported in the English medical literature.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2008 Sep
PMID:An unusual metastatic site of tongue carcinoma: shoulder muscles. 1796 1

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the bone. Rarely, osteosarcomas occur at sites other than the bone, so-called extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS). ESOS is a rare malignancy that accounts for approximately 1% of all tissue sarcomas and present most commonly as a large soft tissue mass in the extremities. The patient was an 18-year-old Japanese man who presented with a stony hard mass in the left submandibular region. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy could not be performed due to the firmness of the mass. The patient underwent left selective neck dissection after enlargement of the mass. Three months after operation, the patient developed massive local recurrence of the tumor. We removed the tumor, encased by the muscles. Postoperatively, the patient received a course of radiotherapy. However, 4 months after the second operation, the patient developed left facial nerve palsy and complained of sudden hearing loss on the left side. The patient developed metastases and died after acute intracranial hemorrhage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a submandibular ESOS in a young man without history of radiotherapy or trauma.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2008 Dec
PMID:Highly malignant submandibular extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a young patient. 1824 29

Metastases to regional lymphatics are common in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) but the treatment of paratracheal adenopathy remains an issue of controversy among head and neck surgeons. The purpose of the current study was to review the indications for paratracheal neck dissection (PTND) in patients with WDTC. Most of the studies published in the English literature and examining PTND for WDTC were reviewed. No prospective randomized studies exist and thus this review examined the best available data. The occurrence of regional metastases in the paratracheal region is common in patients with WDTC and PTND is a safe and effective treatment for such metastases. Therapeutic PTND is the standard of care in patients with proven metastases to the paratracheal region. Elective PTND seems to be indicated in several groups of patients such as patients with clinically proven metastases in the lateral neck, even if the paratracheal region seems free of metastases on preoperative imaging studies. Male patients older than 45 years of age with thyroid cancer may also be candidates for this procedure. PTND may be indicated in several groups of patients with WDTC either as an elective or therapeutic procedure. Modern imaging and cytopathologic procedures may reveal suspected or proven metastatic disease in the paratracheal lymph nodes, particularly after previous surgery. However, the impact of such disease on the patients survival is questionable. More data regarding the benefit from this procedure in terms of regional control and long-term survival are needed.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2008 Dec
PMID:Paratracheal node dissection for well-differentiated cancer of the thyroid: indications, technique and results. 1824 7

Cases of leiomyosarcoma in the head and neck are very rare with only four reports of a leiomyosarcoma originating in the hypopharynx. A rare case of leiomyosarcoma of the hypopharynx is described. A 62-year-old woman, who had experienced slight difficulty of swallowing and hoarseness, visited our hospital. A smooth-surfaced tumor was found extending from the postcricoid to an area in the left pyriform sinus, and the vocal cord on the left side was fixed. Imaging studies, including FDG-PET CT imaging showed the tumor in the postcricoid, but no distinguishable distant metastases. A total laryngectomy with a left-lobe thyroidectomy was performed. Since no metastases of the regional lymph nodes were found by imaging, a neck dissection was not performed. Dense infiltration by spindle-shaped and/or round-like cells was observed histologically as the predominant growth pattern. In immunohistochemical staining, the tumor was positive for desmin and muscle actin, while it was negative for myoglobin, myogenin, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein. Electron microscopic examination did not show Z banding and sarcomeres. Those features lead to the diagnosis of a leiomyosarcoma. No recurrence has been found at 1 year after the surgery. Immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopic examination are essential for a definite diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2008 Jun
PMID:Leiomyosarcoma of the hypopharynx: a case report. 1825 99

We describe the histopathological temporal bone findings of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in the patient with hearing loss and facial nerve paralysis. A 45-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with a mass of the left tibia. Surgical operation was performed and the pathological diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. She showed left facial palsy and bilateral hearing loss. She was pronounced dead because of respiratory arrest caused by multiple metastases including meningeal metastasis after 14 months of total clinical course. Histological examination of the temporal bone revealed that the VII and VIII cranial nerves were involved by tumor cells in the internal auditory canal, and that the organ of Corti was damaged. In addition, the membranous labyrinth showed labyrinthitis. No remarkable bony destruction was observed in the internal auditory canal. Histopathological examination revealed that hearing loss and facial nerve paralysis of the patient was due to temporal bone metastasis of rhabdomyosarcoma.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Apr
PMID:Histopathological temporal bone study of the metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma. 1860 9

The authors review the evolving development of various types of neck dissections, and the resultant classification systems. The standard radical neck dissection, introduced at the turn of the 20th century, became the uniformly accepted treatment of cervical metastatic disease through the 1960s. The functional or modified radical neck dissection was developed in the 1950s and 1960s. This procedure became accepted treatment for suitable tumors by the 1970s. The concept of selective neck dissection, removal of only the node levels likely to be involved with tumor, gained acceptance by the late 1980s as definitive elective, and eventually, therapeutic neck dissection for suitable cases. In response to the increasing variations of neck dissection procedures, a number of classification systems were proposed and subsequently established. The system most often employed was published in 1991 by the American Head and Neck Society and the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. The system was revised in 2002 and 2008. These systems employ the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system and traditionally established node levels. The neck dissections are grouped into four broad categories of radical neck dissection, modified radical neck dissection, selective neck dissection (this group is subclassified according to which node levels are removed) and extended neck dissection. Recently, the Japan Neck Dissection Study Group presented a new system for classification of neck dissections based on a system of letters and symbols. The system permits a comprehensive "shorthand" method of precise designation of the neck dissection procedure, but has the disadvantage of departing radically from previously employed systems by utilizing an entirely new terminology and designation of lymph node groups. This factor portends a lack of acceptance by surgeons long accustomed to conventional terminology. The abbreviated and tabular method of classifying neck dissections, however, is advantageous, and would be useful if integrated into the currently used terminology.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Apr
PMID:Classification of neck dissections: an evolving system. 1901 96

Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) represent the clinical manifestation of the remote and indirect effects produced by tumor metabolites or other products. Paraneoplastic effects are not directly mediated by tumor invasion of normal tissue, or by the disruption of normal function of the involved organ, or by distant metastases. More than 260 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) associated with PNS have been reported in the literature. These syndromes can be divided into six main groups: cutaneous or dermatologic, endocrine, hematologic, osteoarticular or rheumatologic, neurologic, and ocular. The most common dermatologic manifestation is dermatomyositis, while the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and occasionally Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH production are the endocrinologic manifestations. Tumor fever and leukemoid reaction, osteoarticular or rheumatic syndromes, including clubbing of the fingers and toes, sensory neuropathy and demyelinating motor polyneuropathy, and rarely optic neuritis represent the most prominent examples of the other groups of syndromes. PNS may occur before the NPC is manifest, or while it is in an occult stage, and thus the possibility of NPC should be considered in patients with these various disorders. While some PNS will respond to direct treatment, most often the PNS subsides in parallel to response of the NPC, and thus may be useful for monitoring tumor response or recurrence.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Oct
PMID:Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. 1911 98

We report a case of a laryngeal malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) that showed an uncommon clinical behavior. This tumor occurred in a 70-year-old male patient 5 years after radiation treatment for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and unusual metastases were spread unusually to the pleural cavity. The interval between the end of radiotherapy and the onset of MFH can be justified by the development of laryngeal stenosis by fibrotic tissue as a late complication of radiotherapy. Laryngeal fibrosis after radiotherapy probably triggered the MFH. Neither computed tomography nor magnetic resonance imaging differentiate between fibrotic tissue and MFH, and only repeated biopsy was definitive to give us the correct diagnosis.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Oct
PMID:Post-irradiation malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx: A case report with an unusual metastatic spread pattern. 1942 5

Intracellular mucin-producing adenocarcinomas, so called signet ring cell adenocarcinomas (SRCAs), are most commonly found in the stomach or lower GI-tract. They occur far less frequently at other locations such as prostate, pancreas, mammarian gland or within the oropharyngeal cavity. We present the case of a patient who suffered from indolent cervical nodular tumour. Biopsy and histopathological workup showed parts of a poorly differentiated SRCA with p53 overexpression and mutations. Immunostaining gave no further hints for the origin of the malignancy. Thorough staging revealed an extended tumour of the oropharynx as primary origin. The definitive surgical therapy consisted of a transoral tumour resection with CO(2)-laser and bilateral neck dissection. Final classification was pN2c cM0 G3 R0 L1 V0. Adjuvant fractioned radiotherapy with 66 Gy was applied because of bilateral lymph node metastases and extracapsular spread. So far only few cases of oropharyngeal SRCAs have been published. These tumours turned out to be either metastases from gastric or lower gastrointestinal primaries, or had the small salivary glands as origin. In all published cases, as well as in our case, radical surgical resection was the first step of a curative therapy trial. Adjuvant targeted therapy with drugs like, e.g. herceptin or imatinib was not possible because of genetic and immunhistochemical findings. Because of the small numbers of published cases, an evaluation long-term outcomes and significance of different adjuvant therapy regimes is barely possible at this time.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Dec
PMID:Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the oropharynx: presentation of a rare case and review of the literature. 1944 73


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