Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of 60 patients with primary small bowel tumours seen at the University Hospital, Jamaica, during the 15 year period 1971-1985, revealed that adenocarcinoma was the commonest tumour (27%), followed by smooth muscle tumour (23%), and carcinoids (11%). There were 32 malignant and 28 benign tumours. The mean age at presentation was 56 years, with a range of 4 to 85 years. The most common clinical presentation was intestinal obstruction, followed by pain, weight loss, abdominal mass and intussusception. In the majority of patients the diagnosis was not made preoperatively, and 80% with adenocarcinoma had lymph node metastases. Increased awareness of the diagnosis in symptomatic patients may result in improved survival.
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PMID:Primary tumours of the small intestine in Jamaica. 320 47

A case of omento-mesenterial fibromatosis in a 6-year-old boy revealing through acute intestinal obstruction is reported. Mesenterial fibromatosis, also known as aggressive fibromatosis or desmoid tumor is generally associated with Gardner's syndrome but otherwise an extremely rare disease. Fibromatoses do not metastasize but are characterized by a high incidence of local recurrence. Primary treatment is operative. After multiple recurrence irradiation, cytostatics and antiestrogens have been used additionally to control the disease.
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PMID:[Mesenteric fibromatosis in childhood]. 321 Nov 72

Clinical and morphologic factors that affected the distribution of disease are described in 100 cases of ovarian cancer at autopsy. In addition to the expected pattern of pelvic and abdominal peritoneal spread, extensive visceral parenchymal metastases were seen: liver parenchyma (45%), lung parenchyma (39%), small and large intestinal wall (52% and 55%), lymph nodes (70%), pancreas (21%), ureter (24%), bone (11%), and brain (6%). Liver parenchymal metastases replaced more than one third of the liver in 25% of cases, whereas lung metastases always involved less than one third of the lungs. When intestinal wall invasion was seen, bowel obstruction was present more often (71%) than when only intestinal serosa was involved (30%). Lymphatic invasion was predictive of lymph node, small intestinal wall, pancreatic, and liver as well as lung parenchymal metastases. Blood vessel invasion was predictive of pancreatic and ureteral metastases. Clinical stage I at diagnosis was associated with high incidences of liver parenchymal (56%), lymph node (56%), lung parenchymal (44%), large intestinal wall (33%), and bone (33%) metastases. Thus, ovarian cancer has parenchymal metastases similar to other carcinomas in addition to its peritoneal spread. Lymphatic and blood vessel invasion is predictive of such involvement. Intestinal wall invasion predicts bowel obstruction.
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PMID:Distribution of disease at autopsy in 100 women with ovarian cancer. 333 91

A retrospective study of 149 patients with rectal cancer diagnosed between 1972 and 1979 was undertaken to compare survival, disease-free survival, recurrence sites, and long-term complications of 40 patients who received 4000 to 4500 rads of preoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (radiation group) with those of 109 patients treated by resection alone (control group). After a mean follow-up of 84 months and 99 months, respectively, survival of the irradiated patients was significantly better than that of controls (68% versus 52%, p less than 0.05). Disease-free survival of those patients rendered free of disease by treatment was also superior for the irradiated group (84% versus 57%, p less than 0.005). Local recurrence without signs of distant metastases developed only one-third as often in irradiated patients (6% versus 18%). Distant metastases, alone or in combination with local recurrence, were also less common after radiation (12% versus 27%). Second primary tumors developed in 15% and 10% of the respective groups, a difference that was not statistically significant. When we consider the survival benefit of preoperative radiation therapy, long-term complications were relatively mild. Delayed healing of the perineum was noted in two irradiated patients. Persistent diarrhea was severe enough to warrant treatment in only one case, and one patient required a colostomy for intestinal obstruction from pelvic fibrosis.
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PMID:Long-term results and complications of preoperative radiation in the treatment of rectal cancer. 334 Sep 85

Because the omentum collects and disseminates cancer cells, omentectomy is an integral part of ovarian cancer surgery. We postulate that the omentum serves a similar function in colon cancer and may contribute to post-operative malignant small bowel obstruction (S.B.O.) and that routine omentectomy during colectomy would reduce the incidence of S.B.O. Fischer 344 rats and a transplantable carcinogen-induced rat colon cancer were used to test: (1) whether the omentum is a unique site of intra-abdominal colon tumor implantation which contributes to S.B.O.; and (2) whether omentectomy at the time of tumor implantation would reduce the incidence of S.B.O. Statistical analysis confirmed that animals undergoing omentectomy had a significantly lower incidence of omental tumors and malignant S.B.O. (26 per cent and 16 per cent respectively) when compared with sham operated animals (75 per cent and 85 per cent respectively, P less than 0.001). These data suggest that the omentum is a source of bowel obstruction from implantation and growth of tumour cells in the rat model. Although this could be tested in other animal systems, the addition of routine omentectomy to colectomy is simple, not time-consuming, and may reduce postoperative morbidity.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Does omentectomy prevent malignant small bowel obstruction? 335 14

Distant metastases from head and neck carcinoma are becoming more common, with lung, bone and liver being the most frequent sites. We present an unusual case of a metastasis from a tongue primary presenting with severe abdominal pain and pseudo large bowel obstruction.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of metastatic squamous carcinoma of tongue. 337 78

This investigation was based on an epidemiologic association of milk consumption and decreased intestinal cancer risk. Furthermore, there is also some indirect evidence that calcium supplementation in humans and animals may decrease colon cancer risk and that calcium, by inference, may be the protective factor in milk. In order to investigate these associations in a controlled laboratory setting, dietary supplementation of low fat dried milk (37 g/kg diet; N = 18) and calcium carbonate (40 mg/kg rat/day; N = 17) were compared separately to regular diet controls in the rat-dimethylhydrazine colon carcinogenesis model. The results of this investigation showed that neither milk-supplemented rats nor calcium carbonate-supplemented rats had fewer DMH-induced colorectal (P = .374) or total gastrointestinal tumors (P = .291) than did regular diet controls (N = 10; by analysis of variance [ANOVA]). Milk supplementation did result in a significant decrease in tumor burden when measured by incidence of metastases (P = .035) and of intestinal obstruction (P = .011; by chi-square test), when compared with calcium-supplemented and control rats. Though this implies that milk supplementation provides protection against some aspects of carcinogenesis of the colon, in rats fed low fat diets, this does not appear to be mediated through the calcium content of milk.
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PMID:The effect of dietary milk and calcium on experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. 369 Dec 67

Small bowel is the commonest site of gastrointestinal metastases from cutaneous malignant melanoma. Five patients with malignant melanoma involving the small bowel are reported. One patient was operated on for suspected acute appendicitis, two patients for gastrointestinal bleeding and two patients for small bowel obstruction. Two patients remain well 4 and 5 years after surgery.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma involving the small bowel. 376 43

The records and radiographs of 284 patients with gynecologic malignancy were reviewed to determine the incidence and nature of small-bowel abnormalities. Seventeen percent of the patients had small-bowel studies. Twenty-four percent of patients with ovarian cancer had radiologic examination of the small bowel, and in almost all cases the abnormalities were due to metastatic disease. In patients with cervical cancer, small-bowel radiography was performed in 14% of patients, and in most cases the abnormalities were due to radiation damage. Small-bowel obstruction was found in 20 patients. In the ovarian-cancer group, all obstructions were due to metastatic disease, whereas in the cervical cancer group, obstruction was due to metastases, radiation, or adhesions. The site of obstruction was a useful differential point, since all obstructions due to radiation were in the ileum, whereas 58% of obstructions due to metastases were in the duodenum or jejunum. The radiologic studies interpreted in light of the clinical circumstances were highly accurate in determining the location and nature of small-bowel complications in these patients.
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PMID:Radiography of the small bowel in patients with gynecologic malignancies. 387 Dec 74

A 59-year-old woman who presented with bowel obstruction, a large pelvic mass, and marked breast tenderness was found to have strikingly elevated preoperative serum concentrations of estrogen and progesterone. After resection of a primary adenocarcinoma of the colon and bilateral ovarian metastases, her serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations gradually declined. The unusual hormone production in the patient was confirmed by regression of clinical symptoms and by in vitro endocrine assays performed on cells from ovarian tumor grown in tissue culture. The tumor consumed pregnenolone and produced progesterone and estradiol in large quantity.
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PMID:Progesterone production in adenocarcinoma of the colon metastatic to the ovaries. 400 May 74


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