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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The radiological examinations of 67 patients who had previous radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix uteri were reviewed. All had evidence of radiation damage proven surgically or histologically. Patients with known recurrent or metastatic disease were excluded. The commonest abnormalities (36 patients) were in the urinary tract, where hydronephrosis due to distal ureteric stricture was the most frequent finding. Changes observed in the bladder included mural thickening, mucosal irregularity, focal ulceration and reduction in size. Thirty-one patients had abnormalities of their large bowel. The majority of these had strictures of the recto-sigmoid which showed a smooth mucosa, fine surface ulceration, focal ulceration or a 'cobble-stone' appearance. Lesions observed in the small bowel included fixity of bowel loops, thickening of the wall, coarsening of the mucosal pattern and strictures. Two new features are described; the development of high ureteric strictures and the presence of a stricture within a large bowel stenosis. These findings are significant since they show the variation in appearance which can be produced by radiotherapy damage. The differentiation of these changes from recurrent malignancy can be difficult and the differential diagnosis is discussed.
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PMID:Radiological changes in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract following radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. 232 63

We reviewed the computerized tomographic features of pathologically proven metastases to the ovary in 12 patients. Serial CT scans were available in nine of the 12 patients--before removal of the ovaries in five cases (showing typical growth characteristics of these metastases) and afterward in six (showing common patterns of tumor progression). Primary neoplasms metastasizing to the ovary included adenocarcinoma of the colon (seven), stomach (two), appendix (one), and endometrium (one), and carcinoid tumor (one). On CT, metastases to the ovary were large lobulated or oval masses with cystic and solid components. Nine were bilateral and three were unilateral. Three patterns of ovarian enlargement were seen: macrocystic (six), microcystic (three), and predominantly solid enlargement with necrosis (three). Other associated CT findings included carcinomatosis, hydronephrosis, ascites, liver metastases, and lymphadenopathy. The primary tumor in patients without a prior history of malignancy was identifiable retrospectively on CT in four of the five cases.
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PMID:Krukenberg tumors: CT features and growth characteristics. 215 42

Pancreas carcinoma is sometimes notoriously difficult to diagnosis. It is well known that pancreas carcinoma can invade contiguous organs, but no attention for urinary tract involvement is paid. Urinary tract is involved at a late stage but may represent the first symptomatic evidence of disease. In such case, pancreas carcinoma can be presented initially as urologic disease and patients' symptom may not be differentiated from urinary tract disease. Computed tomographic (CT) images and medical records of 50 patients with histologically proved pancreas carcinoma were reviewed. There were 10 cases with urinary tract involvement. Those of 8 were male and 2 were female. There was a high incidence of left urinary tract involvement (left:right:bilateral = 7:2:1). Although 9 cases were pancreas body and tail carcinoma, 1 case was pancreas head carcinoma. And those stages were all in IV. All cases have confirmed evidence of urinary tract involvement at autopsy within 4 months following CT studies. IVP study was performed in 8 of these cases. We compared those IVP, CT images and findings of autopsy. In those patients, 4 cases showed direct invasion of the kidney, 5 cases showed ureteral involvement and 1 case showed metastasis to the urinary bladder and ureters. IVP showed inferior displacement of the kidney and/or ureteral displacement on the affected side. And also, collecting system distortion was demonstrated, including hydronephrosis secondary to ureteral compression. CT scan showed abnormal mass which is contiguous to the pancreas, showing compression the kidney and/or retroperitoneal extension with ureteral involvement. Metastasis to the urinary bladder is also identified. The findings of autopsy were almost the same of the CT findings. Pancreas carcinoma characteristically remains silent until little chance for cure. Although urinary tract involvement is rare, it can mimic renal and ureteral pathology. In differential diagnosis of urinary tract lesion, the disease process originated from pancreas should be included as well as from contiguous structures.
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PMID:[Urinary tract involvement from pancreas carcinoma]. 258 93

Pancreas carcinoma is sometimes notoriously difficult to diagnose. Although it is well known that pancreas carcinoma can invade contiguous organs, no attention to urinary tract involvement is paid. Although urinary tract is involved at a late stage, it may represent the first symptomatic evidence of the disease. In such cases, pancreas carcinoma can be presented initially as a urologic disease and patients' symptom may not be differentiated from urinary tract diseases. Computed tomographic (CT) images and medical records of 50 patients with histologically proved pancreas carcinoma were reviewed. There were 10 cases with urinary tract involvement. IVP study was performed in 8 of these cases. Of the 10 cases 8 were male and 2 were female. There was a high incidence of left urinary tract involvement (left:right:bilateral = 7:2:1). Nine cases were pancreas body and tail carcinoma and 1 case was pancreas head carcinoma. The stages were all in IV. All cases were with confirmed evidence of urinary tract involvement at autopsy within 4 months following CT studies. We compared those IVP, CT images and findings of autopsy. In these patients, 4 cases showed direct invasion of the kidney, 5 cases ureteral involvement and 1 case metastasis to the urinary bladder and ureters. IVP showed inferior displacement of the kidney and/or ureteral displacement on the affected side, as well as collecting system distortion, including hydronephrosis secondary to ureteral compression. CT scan showed an abnormal mass which is contiguous to the pancreas, showing compression of the kidney and/or retroperitoneal extension with ureteral involvement. Metastasis to the urinary bladder is also identified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Abnormal findings on IVP study manifested by invasion of pancreatic carcinoma]. 259 36

1. Widespread visceral and intestinal wall metastases are present in women dying with ovarian cancer. Intestinal wall invasion is commonly found at autopsy and is associated with bowel obstruction. Liver parenchymal replacement by metastases in more extensive than that in the lung, where most metastases have a subpleural location. Multifocality characterizes metastases in both of these organs. 2. Neoplastic lymphatic invasion is common. Lymphatic and blood vascular invasion are associated with an increased incidence of metastases in lymph nodes, small bowel wall, pancreas, lungs, ureter, and liver. 3. The mean survival time from diagnosis to death is less than 2 years. Both increasing neoplastic histological grade and clinical stage at diagnosis are associated with decreased survival time. 4. The most common causes of death are carcinomatosis, infection, or a combination of these processes. Sepsis, pneumonia, or both of these account for most of the fatal infections. 5. Bowel and ureteral obstruction constitute the most common forms of tumor-induced morbidity. The former process tends to be multifocal, involving the small and large intestines, and it is found during the disease course as well as at autopsy. Ureteral involvement is usually associated with hydronephrosis and is bilateral in approximately one fourth of the cases.
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PMID:The pathology and biologic behavior of ovarian cancer. An autopsy review. 265 34

From 1972 through 1982, 124 patients with muscle invasive T2/T3 bladder carcinoma without evidence of distant metastases were treated with definitive radiotherapy (60 Gy in 6 weeks) to the pelvis at The Norwegian Radium Hospital. Sections from paraffin embedded biopsies taken prior to the start of treatment were prepared for DNA flow cytometry, and 121 histograms were considered interpretable for DNA ploidy values. Significantly improved survival was seen in patients with the following characteristic, univariate analysis: T2 tumor, macroscopically complete removal of the tumor prior to radiotherapy, clinically complete response to radiotherapy, normal serum creatinine, absence of hydronephrosis, tetraploid tumor, WHO performance status 0 or 1, age below 65 years. In a multivariate analysis the following pretreatment variables turned out with prognostic power in this order: normal serum creatinine, T2 tumor, tetraploidy, and absence of small vessel invasion. When including response to therapy, the following factors were significantly predictive of a beneficial survival: clinically complete response after radiotherapy, normal creatinine, T2 tumor and tetraploidy. Tetraploidy was associated with response to radiotherapy when compared to diploid tumors (p = 0.07). This relationship alone did not explain the better survival of patients with tetraploid tumors, and other factors concerned with "tumor aggressivity" may be additional explanatory parameters. DNA ploidy values provide valuable information in the pretreatment situation concerning the prognosis for patients with T2/T3 bladder carcinoma.
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PMID:T2/T3 bladder carcinomas treated with definitive radiotherapy with emphasis on flow cytometric DNA ploidy values. 280 53

The results of treatment of uterine cervix cancer by radiotherapy alone in 259 patients in the period January 1973 to December 1984 are reported. They are analyzed according to patients age, stage, tumor volume, extent of parametrial infiltration, hydronephrosis and nodal status. It is shown that age, tumor volume, extent of parametrial invasion and nodal metastases are the main prognostic factors. Analysis of pelvic failures shows that external radiotherapy followed by curietherapy seems to be the best method for patients with T2b and T3b tumors of small volume (less than 60 mm in diameter), particularly when parametrial infiltration is limited. Patients with T2b tumors of large volume (barrel shaped) seem to need a more aggressive approach, and a higher number of complications are therefore expected. Patients with T3b and massive parametrial infiltration, with T4 and nodal metastases need new and different approaches, possibly including adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:Results of treatment of uterine cervix cancer by radiotherapy. 321 41

Sixty-seven previously untreated patients presenting with clinical stage C prostatic carcinoma with no evidence of distant metastases received combination therapy using the antiandrogen Flutamide and the LHRH agonist [D-Trp6]LHRH ethylamide for an average duration of treatment of 23.5 months. Only five patients have so far shown treatment failure with 91.8% of the patients still in remission at 2 years. Three patients have died from prostate cancer while three have died from other causes, 93.5% of the patients being alive at 2 years. Local control was achieved rapidly in all except one patient. Urinary obstruction and hydronephrosis were corrected in all cases. When comparing to recent data obtained after single endocrine therapy (orchiectomy or estrogens), or radiotherapy, the rate of treatment failure at 2 years is 3.5-fold lower after combination therapy (8.2%) than monotherapy (28.4%). The death rate at 2 years following start of the combination therapy is 6.5% while it is on average 22.2% (3.4-fold higher) in the studies using monotherapy (orchiectomy or estrogens) or radiotherapy. The present data suggest that treatment of prostate cancer with combination therapy before clinical evidence of dissemination of the disease permits a better response which is possibly explained, at least in part, by the lower degree of dedifferentiation and heterogeneity of the tumors.
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PMID:Combination therapy with flutamide and [D-Trp6]LHRH ethylamide for stage C prostatic carcinoma. 328 45

Two patients are described who suffered from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These had extended to involve the urinary tract. One patient presented with haematuria from renal metastases. The other was diagnosed following the incidental discovery of a hydronephrosis by radionuclide bone scintigraphy. The radiological changes in these patients are described.
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PMID:Uro-radiological manifestations of pancreatic carcinoma. 339 79

A prostatic adenocarcinoma with argyrophilia and many Paneth cell-like granules in a 91-year-old man is reported. The initial symptom was pollakisuria, and the laboratory data showed no significant abnormality except for moderate anemia. Through radiologic examinations a right hydronephrosis and metastatic cancer of the lumbar vertebra were suspected. Because prostatic cancer was suspected, a needle biopsy of the prostate was performed. Routine histologic examinations revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. By hematoxylin and eosin stain, eosinophilic large granules like those of Paneth cells were found in many cancer cells. In addition, argyrophilic cancer cells were seen by Grimelius' stain. Immunoperoxidase staining elucidated a definite reactivity for lysozyme in the granules like Paneth cells. Ultrastructurally, the granules of Paneth cell-like cancer cells were electron-dense spherical bodies with a medium diameter of 540 nm. Prostatic adenocarcinoma with argyrophilia is rare, and the argyrophilic adenocarcinoma with Paneth cell-like granules is very rare in the prostate.
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PMID:Argyrophilic adenocarcinoma of the prostate with Paneth cell-like granules. 363 Jun 97


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