Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the present paper was to study clinical, morphological and immunological aspects of late rejection of renal allotransplants. We have, therefore, analyzed the occurrence and nature of renal transplant disease and graft failure among 125 recipients surviving for 1 to more than 8 years after transplantation. In this population transplant disease as defined by the appearance of heavy proteinuria and/or steadily declining graft function occurred in 22 patients. At the closure date of the study on December 31, 1972 complete graft failure had occurred in 12 of these 22 patients and 4 of these have died. In addition two patients died in the presence of normal graft function, due to chronic hepatitis and metastatic cancer respectively. As based on clinical findings, pathophysiological features and renal lesions the patients with late transplant disease were classified into two groups and described accordingly. Group A, termed glomerular transplant disease, included a majority of 16 patients, constituting a rather homogenous idsease entity in relation to course of disease, clinical findings and renal lesions as studied by light-, immunofluorescence- and electron microscopy. All these patients presented with heavy proteinuria, which was non-selective in all but two, resulting eventually in complete loss of graft function in eight cases. All these patients developed hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia, and one half manifested a classical nephrotic syndrome. Arterial hypertension occurred in all patients except two. Glomerular structure as studied by light microscopy revealed a number of lesions of a rather polymorphous pattern in all patients in group A. Endomesangial proliferation, hyperplasia and segmental proliferation of epithelial cells and thickening of capillary walls were prominent features, although the degree of severity, extension and type of lesion occurred in such varying proportions that classification into any well characterized category of glomerulonephritis was not possible. All cases in group A revealed immune deposits, most frequently containing IgG, IgM, complement and fibrinogen. IgA, IgD and IgE were also demonstrated in a lesser proportion of cases in this group. The immunofluorescent pattern was a mixed granular and linear, and in no case strictly linear or granular alone. The ultrastructural investigation contains a detailed analysis of the
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PMID:Late failure or human renal transplants. An analysis of transplant disease and graft failure among 125 recipients surviving for one to eight years. 23 63

The total activity and activity of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase was examined in blood plasma of 56 patients with chronic liver diseases (chronic hepatitis in 27, liver cirrhosis in 23, secondary neoplastic effection of the liver in 6). All the patients with biochemically active forms of liver disease manifested increased the total as well as cytoplasmic enzyme activity, as compared with control group, 57% of the patients manifested simultaneously also increased activity of the mitochondrial isoenzyme. In 13% of the patients with stabilised forms of liver diseases manifested isolated increase of the mitochondrial isoenzyme activity. This might be of importance for the evaluation of the course of the disease. In patients with tumorous metastases in the liver a strikingly high share and activity of mitochondrial isoenzyme was shown.
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PMID:Isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase in chronic liver diseases. 65 44

A 61-year-old male was admitted because of hemoptysis. He had a 9 year history of liver cirrhosis associated with HB viral chronic hepatitis. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities. Laboratory investigations revealed positive HBs antigen with normal alpha-fetoprotein. Chest X-ray film showed large mediastinal lymph nodes and an endobronchial polypoid mass in the distal end of the right main bronchus. The right main PA was narrowed due to compression by the mediastinal mass. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a polypoid mass in the right main bronchus. The biopsy specimen was histologically diagnosed as undifferentiated large cell carcinoma. The patient developed respiratory failure, and died 3 weeks after admission. Autopsy revealed a small liver cancer of 1.3 cm diameter within the cirrhotic liver, associated with a small abdominal lymph node metastasis and large mediastinal lymph node swellings. Thromboembolism in the bilateral main pulmonary arteries was concluded to be the cause of death. The mediastinal mass which directly invaded into the right main bronchus had a close histological similarity with the liver cancer, showing undifferentiated carcinoma cells with bizarre nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. An immunohistological study revealed cells positive for alpha-fetoprotein in the mediastinal lymph nodes. The patient was diagnosed as having small liver cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastases. A survey of the literature revealed only a few cases of advanced hepatoma associated with prominent mediastinal metastases. This is the first reported case of small liver cancer presenting with large mediastinal lymph node metastases.
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PMID:[A case of small liver cancer presenting as a huge mediastinal mass]. 132 37

Result of hepatic resection in 150 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) harboring up to three lesions smaller than 3cm in diameter (PEI candidates) and 144 patients with multiple lesions (TAE candidates) was studied. In PEI candidates, associated liver diseases were liver cirrhosis in 108 patients (72%) and chronic hepatitis in 41 (27.3%). Survival rates at 1-, 3- and 5-years were 98.0%, 83.5% and 61.4%, respectively. Prognosis of the patients with a well-differentiated solitary lesion was particularly good. In TAE candidates, 1-, 3- and 5-years survival rates were 98.5%, 57.8% and 33.7%, respectively. Half of the patients were considered to have multicentric disease, and their prognosis was better than that with intrahepatic metastases. Surgical resection is recommended as a primary treatment of HCC when the patients are feasible for surgery even if nonsurgical treatments are possible. Further study is required to establish the proper indication for nonsurgical procedures as a primary treatment of HCC in patients who are candidates of surgery.
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PMID:[Result of surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma in possible candidates for nonsurgical treatments]. 133 12

A remarkably high incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was observed in long-surviving LEC rats with hereditary hepatitis. Among the 60 LEC rats examined between 12 and 28 months of age from F29 and F30, 55 (92%) developed putative preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions such as hyperplastic foci and nodules, and hepatocellular carcinomas. Of these, hepatocellular carcinomas were observed with a high frequency (46/55; 84%). All rats of advanced age that survived more than 18 months developed hepatocellular carcinomas. These results suggest that the development of liver tumors in LEC rats is an age-associated phenomenon with serial hepatic alterations after the subsidence of acute hepatitis. The long-surviving rats had no normal tissue and showed chronic hepatitis in nontumorous tissues of the liver. Cholangiofibrosis was also found in most rats with hepatic lesions. Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinomas was found in four rats. Histologically, the hepatocellular carcinomas were of a well-differentiated type with a typical trabecular structure. Thus, LEC rats seem to be a promising animal model for studying the pathogenesis of hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:High susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma development in LEC rats with hereditary hepatitis. 245 92

An analysis of 27 recurrent cases after partial hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma, closely followed-up with various diagnostic imagings, is reported. The patients comprised 22 males and 5 females. Their ages ranged from 34 to 76 years, with an average of 57.8 years. Twenty-five had underlying cirrhosis and 2 presented chronic hepatitis histologically. The 27 patients were classified into the following three types. Type I comprised 18 patients with local recurrence. Local recurrence means that the tumor recurred in an adjacent segment to that initially affected or in the same segment. Thirteen of these patients had a recurrence within a year-after the initial operation. Type II comprised 6 cases of multiple intrahepatic metastases, and Type III 3 cases which were thought to represent a metachronous occurrence. Five of the 6 cases of Type II had multiple intrahepatic metastases within 3 months after the initial operation. The results of the present series indicate that when patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are operated on, manipulation should be as careful as possible in order not to disperse the cancer cells, and close follow-up with imagings more than once every three months, especially in the first year after the initial operation should be ensured wherever possible.
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PMID:Recurrent form of hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatic resection. 254 80

The livers of 16 woodchucks with naturally acquired chronic infection with woodchuck hepatitis virus were examined both grossly and histologically in 14 biopsy specimens and seven necropsy specimens. Fifteen woodchucks had lesions characteristic of chronic hepatitis; ten of these had chronic active hepatitis, four had chronic persistent hepatitis, and one had cirrhosis with nodular regeneration. In one woodchuck there was massive hepatic necrosis attributed to infection with an unclassified protozoan. Thirteen woodchucks had primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Metastasis to the lung was observed in only one woodchuck. These results were compared to liver lesions in 149 woodchuck hepatitis virus-negative woodchucks. Chronic hepatitis comparable to that associated with woodchuck hepatitis virus infection was not observed in woodchuck hepatitis virus-negative woodchucks although in one, a single, small hepatocellular adenoma was found.
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PMID:Chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma associated with persistent woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. 299 74

The behaviour of prekallikrein (PKK), factor XII, high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and kallikrein-inhibitor (KK-I) in 367 patients with various diseases is described. Malignancies lead to elevation of factor XII and KK-I, and reduction of PKK. The effect is more pronounced in patients with metastases. In renal diseases also one or more of the above mentioned parameters are abnormal. Defects requiring dialysis treatment significantly impair the contact factors. In this group low levels of PKK, Factor XII and HMWK and increased KK-I are common. In chronic renal disease patients, only F XII and KK-I are elevated, whereas PKK and HMWK are normal. Kidney transplantation leads to a rise in KK-I and reduction of PKK and HMWK. The values almost normalize few days after the operation. Factor XII, slightly increased immediately after transplantation, remains high in long term transplant recipients, whereas HMWK falls below normal. In liver disease patients, acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver and coma, PKK is reduced. In cases with acute hepatitis PKK raises with recovery. Cirrhosis and coma lead to low HMWK and factor XII concentrations. KK-I is mostly affected during acute hepatitis, and is then highly increased. Our results clearly demonstrate that the biologic activity of one or more of contact factors is affected in many diseases.
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PMID:Prekallikrein, HMW-kininogen and factor XII in various disease states. 635 59

Preclinical as well as clinical studies with fibroblast interferon (IFN) are still lagging behind on those with leukocyte interferon. Its side-effects seem to be less pronounced than those of human IFN-alpha, yet it may be slightly pyrogenic after intravenous injection. Pyrogenicity of current impure preparations might for the larger part be due to impurities. Higher doses of HuIFN-beta than of HuIFN-alpha are required to obtain measurable blood titers by intramuscular injections. Since there is concern about this being due to destruction of the interferon before it has reached its target organ(s), most current clinical studies use either local (e.g. intratumoral) treatment or intravenous infusions. A study of topical treatment for acute rhinovirus infection has indicated that there is very little if any chance for fibroblast interferon to be a clinically useful substance to prevent or cure common cold. In herpetic dendritic keratitis eye drops of fibroblast interferon may be useful as such or in combination with debridement. Topical treatment of warts (multiple intralesional injections) has been shown to yield a high success rate, especially in the case of verrucae vulgares, but less so in the case of verrucae planae juveniles. Studies on condyloma accuminatum are not so far advanced as to permit a documented conclusion. Topical (intralesional) treatment of neoplastic diseases has been investigated, especially in Japan, to demonstrate that fibroblast interferon does have an antineoplastic effect in vivo. While there seems to be little doubt that local delivery does indeed cause tumor nodules to regress, the question is whether this procedure can offer a true clinical benefit to the patient. Systemic (intravenous) administration for chronic hepatitis B has been investigated further: given alone or in combination with adenine-arabinoside, fibroblast interferon seems to be able to reduce the level of viral activity. Whether this will lead to a generally accepted treatment of chronic active hepatitis is difficult to say at this moment. In treating herpes zoster in cancer patients, results have been obtained which are comparable to those found for leukocyte interferon. The practical significance of this finding must be seen in the perspective of recent developments in the chemotherapy of herpes zoster. In breast cancer patients given intramuscular injections, metastases in the skin, but not in other organs, showed alterations suggestive of an effect on tumor progression. Yet there was no true clinical benefit for the patient. In other tumors, e.g. head and neck epithelioma, no effect was seen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The clinical application of fibroblast interferon--an overview. 640 34

Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) is an indispensable examination in the management of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. However, many liver diseases also frequently show the elevation of AFP. Therefore, it is essential to discriminate between yolk sac-derived component and liver-derived one. A 32-year-old male who had suffered from chronic hepatitis, visited our clinic in December, 1991. He complained of left scrotal atrophy and dull pain. Surgical specimen was histologically diagnosed as embryonal carcinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cell. The levels of tumor markers, such as AFP, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG), were estimated. Both of them were elevated, and radiographical studies demonstrated metastatic lesions of bilateral lung field and retroperitoneal lymph nodes (RPLN). After three courses of cisplatin based chemotherapy, lung and RPLN metastases diminished and serum beta-HCG had normalized. However, the serum AFP persisted to show an abnormally high concentration. The subfraction profile with lens culinaris hemagglutinin (LCA) was estimated. The one after the first course was compared with the one after third course. The latter one showed complete diminution of peak 2. This implied the diminishment of yolk sac element.
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PMID:[A case of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor: usefulness of alphafetoprotein subfraction]. 751 45


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