Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-producing lung carcinoma are reported. Both were male, aged 66 and 65, respectively histological examination of percutaneous lung biopsy revealed large cell carcinoma. The patients both developed bilateral gynecomastia during their clinical course. Endocrine function tests demonstrated high levels of HCG, HCG-beta, luteinizing hormone, estrone, estradiol, progesterone in the blood. They were given only anticancer chemotherapy with no effect and died. Autopsy revealed extensive metastases of lung cancer and the presence of HCG in tumor cells was demonstrated by immunohistochemical technique in both cases.
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PMID:[Two cases of human chorionic gonadotropin-producing large cell carcinoma of the lung accompanied with gynecomastia]. 217 Jul 32

Five hundred breast tissue samples from 404 cases were immunostained with A-80, a murine IgM Mab that recognizes a mucinous glycoprotein associated with exocrine differentiation. Samples included 196 primary breast carcinomas, 30 breast carcinoma metastases, 118 fibrocystic disease (FCD), and a further group of 84 samples of FCD from cases known to have breast carcinoma. These samples represented a broad spectrum of common and rare variants of carcinoma and FCD. Samples of fibroadenomas, lactating adenomas, cystosarcoma phylloides, gynecomastia, and normal breasts were similarly studied. The vast majority of carcinomas, 203/212 (95.7%) were immunoreactive; staining varied in extent and intensity, and was virtually unrelated to histologic type and to the presence or absence of recognizable glands. In samples including in-situ and infiltrating ductal or lobular carcinoma, reactivity was frequently stronger in the infiltrating components. No significant difference in reactivity between primary and metastatic carcinomas was noted. Of the group of 118 FCD, 27 were negative whereas 91 showed focal and weak staining. Seventy-two/84 FCD with associated carcinoma were immunostained; in 13 of those 72, staining was strong and extensive. Fibroadenomas, lactating adenomas, gynecomastia, and normal "resting" and lactating breast samples stained focally or not at all. Our findings indicate that Mab A-80 is an excellent immunohistochemical marker for the overwhelming majority of breast carcinomas whereas it marks weakly or not at all the majority of benign neoplasms and normal breast. Moreover, Mab A-80 recognizes a subset of FCD that includes proliferative variants associated with an increased incidence of carcinoma, and FCD in association with carcinoma. Questions regarding rare breast carcinomas that do not react with Mab A-80 remain unclear; yet, we believe that Mab A-80 is a highly promising marker of malignant and dysplastic breast epithelium.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical evaluation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic breast diseases with Mab A-80. 224 71

A 66-year-old man developed right painful gynecomastia following resection of a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma from the right upper lobe. In 1979, he had a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma resected from the left lower lobe. Extensive investigation did not reveal any definite indication of metastases or residual carcinoma. There was no evidence for thyroid, liver, or renal disease. His plasma testosterone was 400 ng/dl, estradiol was 43 pg/ml, LH 3.5 ng/ml, FSH 13.1 mIU/ml and HCG less than 5 mIU/ml. Since no other cause of gynecomastia was apparent , it was attributed to the right thoracotomy.
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PMID:Unilateral gynecomastia associated with thoracotomy following resection of carcinoma of the lung. 259 96

The patient was a 70-year-old male with complaint of macrohematuria at the first visit to our clinic on June 10, 1986. At that time, cystoscopy revealed a thumb sized papillary tumor and a rice sized non papillary tumor, and the biopsy specimen was pathologically diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinoma. But, he refused admission. On January 30, 1987, he came back to our clinic with complaints of dyspnea, general fatigue and weight loss. Moderate lt. gynecomastia was found and the level of serum hCG-beta was detected as high as 101 ng/ml. Excretory urogram and enhanced CT revealed a large mass in the bladder. In the seventeenth day after admission, he died of lung edema and heart failure. The findings of autopsy showed a large light greenish to light brownish tumor of 10 X 10 X 3 cm in the bladder. Distant metastases were observed in internal, common iliac and paraaortic lymph nodes, but without other distant metastasis. In histological and immunohistochemical studies, the final diagnosis is choriocarcinoma of the bladder, containing syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells with hCG-beta granules as an undifferentiated carcinoma. To our knowledge this case is the eighth described in Japan. Herein we report a new case of primary choriocarcinoma of the bladder and make a brief review of the literatures.
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PMID:[Primary choriocarcinoma of the bladder: a case report of autopsy]. 267 66

About 130 Norwegian men (15-45 years old) develop testicular cancer each year. Men with a history of undescended testes, atrophic testes and/or fertility problems probably represent a high risk group. Typical symptoms are tumour, harder consistency and discomfort in the testes, low back pain and gynecomastia. Testicular ultrasonography often helps to establish the correct diagnosis. Seminoma is separated from non-seminoma histologically. Adjuvant radiotherapy to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes is the most frequent treatment in seminoma patients with early disease and is combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced disease. Chemotherapy and surgery are the main therapeutic modalities in non-seminoma patients. In clinical trials a "wait and see" policy is applicable in selected patients with non-seminoma without metastases, provided that frequent follow-up examinations are feasible. Gastrointestinal side effects, alopecia, peripheral neuropathy and azoospermia are the most frequent acute and reversible side effects of treatment of testicular cancer. Post-treatment paternity can be achieved by at least half of the patients who wish to father a child after treatment. The 5-years' survival rate for young patients with testicular cancer is 95%. Young men should perform testicular self-examination regularly. Medical officers in the Armed Forces and doctors at schools and universities and in occupational health should be aware of testicular cancer in young adults with suspicious clinical findings.
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PMID:[Testicular cancer. A challenge to the health services taking care of young males]. 291 18

A retrospective study has been undertaken of 104 men with breast cancer, all of them having a follow-up period of at least 5 years. In 78 cases a histological diagnosis was obtained. The preferred treatment for operable cases was radical mastectomy, in which 60 per cent positive axillary nodes were found. Five-year survival is 54 per cent and the disease-free interval is 42 per cent. Local recurrence occurred in 26 per cent and 16 per cent had developed distant metastases. The overall results are similar to those in the literature with the exception of those for stage III who did better in this series. The generally held beliefs that Klinefelter's syndrome is the strongest predisposing factor to developing male breast cancer and that gynaecomastia is not a premalignant condition are supported by this study. Comparison of results from this series, with those of women of the same age having breast cancer leads to the conclusion that the prognosis in male breast cancer is no worse than for women with comparable disease.
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PMID:A retrospective study of male breast cancer in Holland. 299 94

A 23-year-old man who presented clinically with unilateral gynecomastia was found to have secretory breast carcinoma. The patient is free of disease 4 years following a modified radical mastectomy. The indolent biological potential of this rare variant of primary mammary carcinoma is evidenced by the long clinical history of a breast mass in this patient and the absence of axillary lymph node metastases. Although secretory carcinoma occurs both in children and adults, most examples have been reported in female patients.
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PMID:Secretory breast carcinoma in a man. 334 12

Single-cell heterogeneity and variability in expression of several surface antigens on human mammary epithelial cells in short-term culture were studied with immunofluorescence techniques, using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. The cultures, derived from normal breast, a fibroadenoma, a gynecomastia, normal breast tissue peripheral to breast carcinomas, and breast carcinomas and their metastases, were studied after one passage in vitro. The percentage of positive cells varied considerably from one tissue sample to another in all categories from normal to malignant, although there was an overall trend toward a decreasing percentage of positive cells of malignant tissues. The relative antigen content varied 3- to 8-fold among individual samples of cells from normal, peripheral, and carcinoma tissue, while the mean values in the three categories were similar. The single-cell variability in relative antigen content was considerable in all individual samples of normal, peripheral, and carcinoma tissues, as reflected in the high coefficients of variation. However, the coefficients of variation were significantly higher for cells from carcinoma and peripheral tissues [69 +/- 10% (S.E.) and 75 +/- 9%, respectively] than for cells from normal breast (48 +/- 5%). By analyzing in clonal colonies the appearance of quantitative variants in expression of a specific surface antigen, detected with a monoclonal antibody, the carcinoma cells were found to have a 10-fold higher rate of phenotypic variability (mean, 1.21 X 10(-2)/cell/generation) than did cells from normal breast (mean, 0.119 X 10(-2)) and one gynecomastia (0.045 X 10(-2)). Mammary epithelial cells from apparently "normal" tissue peripheral to a carcinoma had an intermediate rate of phenotypic variability (mean, 0.310 X 10(-2)) that was significantly higher than that of the normal tissue.
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PMID:Variability in surface antigen expression of human breast epithelial cells cultured from normal breast, normal tissue peripheral to breast carcinomas, and breast carcinomas. 614 85

We compared the efficacy and safety of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, leuprolide (1 mg subcutaneously daily), with diethylstilbestrol (DES, 3 mg by mouth daily) in patients with prostate cancer and distant metastases (Stage D2) who had not previously received systemic treatment. Initial therapy (leuprolide or DES) was continued for as long as an objective response was noted; cross-over to the alternative arm occurred at the time of disease progression or intolerable adverse reactions. Ninety-eight patients were randomly assigned to leuprolide, and 101 to DES. Suppression of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and decreases in acid phosphatase were comparable in the two groups. Patients receiving DES experienced more frequent painful gynecomastia (P less than 0.00001), nausea and vomiting (P = 0.02), edema (P = 0.008), and thromboembolism (P = 0.065) than those receiving leuprolide. The leuprolide group reported more "hot flashes" (P = 0.00001). Overall, 86 per cent of the leuprolide group had an objective response (complete response, 1 per cent; partial response, 37 per cent; stable disease, 48 per cent), as compared with 85 per cent of the DES group (complete, 2 per cent; partial, 44 per cent; stable, 39 per cent). Actual survival rates at one year were 87 per cent for the leuprolide group and 78 per cent for the DES group (P = 0.17). We conclude that leuprolide offers an important alternative treatment that is therapeutically equivalent to and causes fewer side effects than DES for the initial systemic management of metastatic prostate cancer.
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PMID:Leuprolide versus diethylstilbestrol for metastatic prostate cancer. 643

From September, 1978, to November, 1980, 69 consecutive patients with locally advanced (T3-T4) prostatic adenocarcinoma, with or without distant metastases, were treated with oral estramustine phosphate. Dosage was 15 mg/kg/day for 2 months, followed by 5 mg/kg/day until progression. In the 48 evaluable patients with progressive disease that entry in the study, 1 complete response, 7 partial responses, 31 disease stabilizations, and 9 progressions were encountered (81.2% NPCP response rate). Karnofsky performance status equal to or less than 50 was predictive of poor response to estramustine phosphate. In the 10 evaluable patients with stabilized disease at entry in the study after orchiectomy, 2 complete responses, 4 partial responses, 3 disease stabilization, and 1 progression were noted. The major side effects observed were gynecomastia, nausea, and vomiting.
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PMID:Estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) treatment of T3-T4 prostatic carcinoma. 708 31


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