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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The increasing use of cranial computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of cerebral tumours has suggested that the place of cerebral serial scintigraphy (CSS) with 99mTc pertechnitate needs to be re-assessed. For this purpose 190 patients with 200 intracranial tumours were examined by both methods. Of the 155 histologically confirmed tumours, 87% could be diagnosed by CSS, and 99% with CT. Amongst the total of 190 patients, CSS was correct in 90%, and CT in 99%. Correct tumour diagnosis of meningiomas was 84% for both methods, and for glioblastomas, 83% for both methods. Combining the two methods, however, produced 92% accuracy with meningiomas, and 90% of glioblastomas could be correctly classified. Gliomas of Grade I/II had an accuracy of 39% for CSS (52% for CT), for metastases 50% for CSS (80% for CT) and in the group "various tumours" 19% for CSS (41% for CT). Computed tomography will have to be carried out in future on all patients suspected of having a primary tumour and before any neuro-surgical intervention. The main task of CSS remains as a screening procedure for intracranial space-occupying lesions and to increase the accuracy of diagnosis. CSS is also valuable as an indication for the use of contrast during CT. In some cases this isotope method may increase the type specific diagnosis of CT.
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PMID:[The value of serial scintigraphy with 99mTc pertechnetate compared with axial computed tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral tumours (author's transl)]. 14 Jan 20

The clinical and pathological report presents a seven-week old girl suffering from signs of raised ICP. A ventriculo-atrial shunt was inserted and replaced by a ventriculo-abdominal shunt due to occlusion at 15 months of age. At 16 months, craniotomy and resection of an oligodendroglioma was performed and the shunt was preserved. The child died at 18 months due to extensive local recurrence. Autopsy revealed massive peritoneal metastases of the tumor. This is the eleventh published case of canalicular metastases of glioma.
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PMID:[Extraneural metastasis of an oligodendroglioma in ventriculo-peritoneal shunt]. 36 90

Brain tumors have been tested for their glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) content by means of the rocket electrophoresis technique. Meningiomas and neurinomas were low in GFAP. Metastases had a low level of GFAP except when contaminated with surrounding tissue. Non-nervous tumors such as myeloma, myeloplaxoma and adenocarcinoma gave negative results. More detailed correlations with histological observations have been looked for in glial tumors. Low levels of GFAP were always associated with signs of malignancy such as mitoses and giant or atypical cells, whereas high levels of GFAP were correlated with the presence of well-preserved astrocytes.
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PMID:Determination of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in human brain tumors. 62 58

A case of sarcoma arising in a left temporal oligodendroglioma is described in a 39-year-old male. The postoperative evolution was marked by a paraplegia linked to medullary and subarachnoid metastases. Then a relapse of the cerebral tumor occurred, and the patient died 6 months after the onset of the symptoms. Histologically, the mesenchymal component appeared fibrosarcomatous and angiosarcomatous. Those facts argue in favor of the histogenic hypotheses put forward in exceptional cases previously described, according to which the sarcoma develops from vascular elements of the glioma.
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PMID:Sarcoma arising in oligodendroglioma of the brain: a case with intramedullary and subarachnoid spinal metastases. 72 72

A radioimmunoassay for ng quantities of DNA was developed. [125l]lododeoxyuridine-labeled DNA was used as the antigen, and the serum of a lupus erythematosus patient served as the source of antibody. The level of free DNA in the serum of 173 patients with various types of cancer and in 55 healthy individuals was determined by this radioimmunoassay. DNA concentration in the normal controls had a range of 0 to 100 ng/ml with a mean of 13 +/- 3 ng/ml (S.E.). For comparison purposes, the range of 0 to 50 ng/ml was designated as normal, and 93% of controls were found in this range. In the cancer patients, the DNA concentration ranged from zero to mug levels with a mean of 180 +/- 38 ng/ml. Fifty % of the patients values were found in the range of 0 to 50 ng/ml; the other 50% were between 50 and 5000 ng/ml. No correlation could be seen between DNA levels and the size or location of the primary tumor. Significantly higher DNA levels, however, were found in the serum of patients with metastatic disease (mean of 209 +/- 39 ng/ml), as compared to nonmetastatic patients (mean 100 +/- 30, p less than 0.02). After radiation therapy in lymphoma, lung, ovary, uterus, and cervical tumors, the levels decreased in 66 to 90% of the patients, whereas in glioma, breast, colon, and rectal tumors, the DNA levels decreased only in 16 to 33% of the patients. Generally, the decrease in DNA concene of tumor size and reduction of pain. Conversely, when DNA levels either increased or remained unchanged, a lack of response to the treatment was noted. Of 17 patients who died within a year, 13 showed DNA levels that remained high or unchanged, whereas only 4 showed lower levels during treatment. Persistent high or increasing DNA levels in the circulation, therefore, may signal a relapse and are probably a poor prognostic sign. The relatively high percentage (50%) of cancer patients with apparently normal DNA levels would suggest that this test may have low diagnostic value. It should be pointed out, however, that all these patients represent a selected group considered for radiation therapy, usually after surgery and/or chemotherapy. It is possible that a better correlation between DNA levels and cancer will be obtained prior to the initiation of treatment. On the other hand, DNA in the serum may be an important tool for the evaluation of therapy or the comparison of different regimens.
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PMID:Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy. 83 66

From 1969-1974 1000 unselected enucleated globes have been examined histopathologically. 277 derive from the University Eye Hospital in Hamburg, 723 from various Eye Hospitals in northern and southern Germany. They originate from 589 men and 408 women, three times the sex was unknown. 86 globes had to be removed from children less than 15 years old. 6 groups of etiologies have been distinguished: trauma (308), histologically confirmed neoplastic disease (281), ocular manifestations of systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, occlusions of central retinal vessels presumably following generalized vascular disease etc.: 128), "operative ocular disease" (164), primary inflammatory disease (71), miscellaneous (malformations, high myopia, pseudo-glioma and pseudo-melanoma: 48). The etiology "operative ocular disease" consists of 67 primary glaucomas (57 adults, 10 buphthalmus), 41 idiopathic cataracts (7 of these congenital) and 3 primary corneal dystrophies, as well as 53 cases of primary retinal detachment. Among the 281 neoplastic diseases, there are 238 primary intraocular malignant melanomas of the uvea, 18 retinoblastomas, 4 primary reticulumcellsarcomas of the retina, 2 choroidal nevi, 10 intraocular metastases and 9 orbital tumors. 16 enucleations among the 1000 enucleations have been performed for pseudo-gliomas (5 x Coats disease, 5 x persistent primary hyperplastic vitreous, 2 x retrolental fibroplasia, others 4 x). The manifestations of systemic disease are consisting of 68 central retinal vein-occlusions, 30 complications of diabetes mellitus and 10 central retinal artery occlusions as well as 20 other generalized diseases. A primary inflammatory disease led to enucleation 50 times due to an intraocular process, 5 times due to scleritis and 18 times as a consequence of keratitis (including 13 times herpes simplex). As the final clinical cause for enucleation the following categories have been elaborated: secondary glaucomas (416), clinical diagnosis of "tumor" (275), atrophy and phthisis bulbi (118), inflammation (112), acute trauma to 4 weeks after the accident (72), others (7). In conclusion the central role of rubeosis iridis leading to secondary angle closure glaucoma is emphasized. This process presents a challenge to ophthalmologic research. Finally the significance of early surgery for primary angle closure glaucomas and for complete restoration of the anterior chamber after trauma and any intraocular procedure is stressed.
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PMID:[Etiology and final clinical cause for 1000 enucleations. (A clinico-pathologic study) (author's transl)]. 95 59

The findings and diagnostic results in 600 examinations of primary and metastatic intracranial neoplasms performed at one hospital with the EMI scanner are presented and the effectiveness of this method is compared with that of radionuclide imaging, cerebral angiography, and pneumoencephalography. The computed scan proved to be highly reliable in the diagnosis of glioma, cerebral metastases, meningioma, and acoustic neuroma.
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PMID:Computed tomography with the EMI scanner in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic intracranial neoplasms. 110 9

Three cases are presented which depict the spectrum of neurological disability attendant on intra-axial brain-stem metastases, ranging from fulminant decline to a more leisurely and less disabling course. The rarity of primary glioma of brain-stem compared with brain-stem metastases in a general hospital population in the age group from 50 years and over is emphasized. Clinical deficit, certain ancillary findings, and response to therapy do not serve to separate brain-stem glioma from secondary brain-stem metastasis. The primary tumour may not be apparent when central nervous system symptoms appear or even for as long as two years after. It is recommended that the diagnosis of primary brain-stem glioma in the middle-aged adult be provisional and increasingly tentative over the age of 50 years.
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PMID:Spectrum of symptomatic brain-stem metastasis. 118 27

This report describes two autopsy-proven cases of a rare complication of infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): metastatic seeding of the peritoneal cavity through ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. Patient 1 was a 13-year-old boy with a pontine GBM, and Patient 2 was a 9-year-old girl with a thoracolumbar spinal cord GBM. Autopsy of both patients demonstrated leptomeningeal gliomatosis encasing the spinal cord and basal structures of the brain, in addition to peritoneal and omental metastases. The pattern of abdominal metastasis seen in these patients is typical of tumors that directly seed the peritoneal cavity and implicates the VP shunt as the vehicle of extraneural spread. Although a rare occurrence, extraneural metastases should be sought in patients with glioma with VP shunts who demonstrate increased abdominal girth, unexplained weight gain, or persistent abdominal pain.
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PMID:Extraneural metastases of infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme to the peritoneal cavity. 131 85

A new case of supratentorial malignant glioma is reported in an HIV-1 infected male homosexual. Tumours of the nervous system account for only 5 to 10 percent of neurological complications of AIDS, and most of them are lymphomas or metastases from Kaposi's sarcomas. In fact, HIV-1 is a neurotropic lentivirus, not transforming by definition. Our patient had a frontal tumoral syndrome resistant to the conventional anti-toxoplasmic treatment. Pathological examination of a tumoral fragment obtained by stereotactic biopsy showed that according to the WHO criteria the tumour was a glioblastoma. The mechanism through which HIV infection results in malignant transformation of astrocytes is conjectural. There is no consensus on whether the virus is located in glial cells, but the transgenic animal technique suggests that the tat gene might play a certain role. Other hypotheses concerning the indirect neurotoxicity of HIV have been put forward, notably that of viral coinfection with viruses of the papova group.
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PMID:[Cerebral glioblastoma: a new complication of HIV-1 infection]. 132 36


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