Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a historical abstract the mathematical basis of image reconstruction techniques and CT is reviewed. The enhancement of iodine contrast media is essential in CT diagnostic of space occupying intracranial lesions. Intracranial tumors usually show relatively characteristical but mostly non-specific absorption patterns. Additional clinical information is necessary for differential diagnostic evaluation. The development of tables with various tumor patterns is recommended. Absorption feature of primary and secondary brain-tumors with the surrounding edema is explained. Glioblastomas as well as metastases often show a distinct cerebral edema which has been observed in 64% of our patients with metastases and distinctly localized high dense foci in 69%. 6000 patients were investigated by CT and 1708 examinations were performed with contrast enhancement of other intravenously applicated contrast media.
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PMID:[The diagnosis of intracranial tumors by CT (computerized tomography) from a practical point of view (author's transl)]. 86 20

Forty-three patients with inoperable or recurring malignant gliomas, and 30 patients with multiple recurring brain metastases were treated with a combination of Adriamycin (45 mg/m2) and 4-dimethyl-epipodophyllotoxin D-thenylidene (VM 26) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days) with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days). These cycles of treatment were repeated as soon as the hematologic restoration was complete. The treatment was well tolerated and the clinical condition of 31 of 43 glioblastoma patients improved during the 2 months after the beginning of the treatment. Six of eight patients with breast cancer metastases, one of 13 with bronchial cancer matastases, and three of nine with other types of cancer metastases also benefitted from the treatment. Examination of the results obtained revealed the following characteristics: 1) This combination had a low degree of efficiency in the treatment of metastases to brain, except for breast cancer metastases; 2) there was no complete correlation between the clinical results observed and the cinegammagraphic developments; 3) the results obtained were similar, independent of the initial localization; and a 6-month median survival period was established, with 10 patients now in a state of apparently complete remission, 180 to 506 days after beginning of the treatment.
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PMID:Treatment of malignant gliomas and brain metastases in adults with a combination of adriamycin, VM 26, and CCNU. Results of a phase II trail. 103 28

This freeze-fracture study was performed in 3 astrocytomas, 6 glioblastomas, 2 ependymomas, 3 medulloblastomas, 1 cerebellar sarcoma, 3 germinomas, and 1 medulloepithelioma. The number of nuclear pores/mum2 nuclear membrane was not correlated with biological malignancy. Fracture faces A and B were discernible in nuclear, Golgi and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondrial surface, and plasma membranes. Fenestrae were evident in Golgi and ER membranes. The transitional zone of cristae from the inner surface membrane appeared as a circular hole and broken-off neck on faces A and B of the inner surface membrane, respectively. The decrease in number of membrane particles in the plasma membrane seemed to correlate with the frequency of metastases, and, in addition, the membrane particles appeared to cluster in glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, and medulloepithelioma. The gap junctions were abundant in astrocytomas, moderate in number in ependymomas and germinomas, and rare in glioblastomas, cerebellar sarcoma, and medulloepithelioma. Tight junctions were often found in germinomas and medulloepithelioma, and rarely in ependymomas.
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PMID:Freeze-fracture study of human brain tumors. 117 38

A new case of supratentorial malignant glioma is reported in an HIV-1 infected male homosexual. Tumours of the nervous system account for only 5 to 10 percent of neurological complications of AIDS, and most of them are lymphomas or metastases from Kaposi's sarcomas. In fact, HIV-1 is a neurotropic lentivirus, not transforming by definition. Our patient had a frontal tumoral syndrome resistant to the conventional anti-toxoplasmic treatment. Pathological examination of a tumoral fragment obtained by stereotactic biopsy showed that according to the WHO criteria the tumour was a glioblastoma. The mechanism through which HIV infection results in malignant transformation of astrocytes is conjectural. There is no consensus on whether the virus is located in glial cells, but the transgenic animal technique suggests that the tat gene might play a certain role. Other hypotheses concerning the indirect neurotoxicity of HIV have been put forward, notably that of viral coinfection with viruses of the papova group.
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PMID:[Cerebral glioblastoma: a new complication of HIV-1 infection]. 132 36

The density of omega 3 (peripheral type benzodiazepine) binding sites, a marker of reactive and tumoural cells, has been measured in different types of human brain tumours; omega 3 sites were quantified autoradiographically in sections from biopsy or autopsy specimens labelled with the specific radioligand 3H-PK 11195. Compared to normal brain parenchyma, up to 12-fold increase in omega 3 site densities were found in apparently viable areas of high grade astrocytoma and glioblastoma specimens, whereas more limited increases (2 to 3-fold) in this marker were observed in areas of necrosis. Low grade gliomas (astrocytomas) and meningiomas exhibited only moderate increases (2 to 3-fold) in this autoradiographic marker. Metastases of lung or kidney origin were characterized by greatly elevated (up to 20-fold) omega 3 site densities as compared to normal brain parenchyma. In every case, there was a good spatial correspondence between the histopathological limits of the tumour and the anatomical location of the increase in omega 3 site densities. These results suggest that omega 3 site densities in human brain tumours reflect their proliferative activity and point to a possible future usefulness of positron or gamma-ray emitting omega 3 site ligands for the clinical investigation and detection of human brain proliferative diseases.
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PMID:Increase in omega 3 (peripheral-type benzodiazepine) binding site densities in different types of human brain tumours. A quantitative autoradiography study. 133 3

Primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSL), until recently representing about 1% of all brain tumors, show dramatically increased incidence both in high-risk groups (immunocompromised, AIDS) and in the general population. They are extranodal diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, the morphology and classification of which are identical to those of systemic lymphomas, although PCNSL show different biological behavior and diagnosis according to the New Working Formulation and updated Kiel classification may be difficult. The majority are large B cell variants of high-grade malignancy; low-grade subtypes and T cell lymphomas are rare. Sixty per cent occur in the supratentorial space (hemispheres, periventricular) and 12% in the posterior fossa; 30% are multiple (50%-70% in AIDS). PCNSL show a male preponderance with a peak incidence in the 5th-7th decade (3rd-4th in AIDS). The duration of diffuse or focal clinical symptoms averages 1-2 months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans show single or multiple or diffuse, often typical lesions. Diagnosis is achieved by evaluation of stereotactic biopsy material or cerebrospinal fluid cytology using immunocytological markers. Current therapy in immunocompetent patients, radiation plus corticosteroids and pre- or postradiation polychemotherapy, shows response rates of 85% with a median survival of 17-44 months, a prognosis similar to that for glioblastoma. Meningeal PCNSL is treated with intrathecal methotrexate or cytosine arabinoside. Transliquoral seeding of PCNSL is frequent, distant metastases occurring in 6%-8%. Therapy of AIDS-related PCNSL makes use of radiation and corticosteroids, and rarely of chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of PCNSL is unknown, but Epstein-Barr virus may be a contributory factor.
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PMID:Primary central nervous system lymphomas--an update. 140 May 70

B cells derived from peripheral-blood lymphocytes (PBL) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from a patient with a high serum antibody titer to autologous melanoma were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and evaluated for reactivity against autologous tumor. B cells producing antibody reactive with autologous tumor and unreactive with normal fibroblasts were detected both in TIL and in PBL. One cell line derived from PBL and another derived from TIL sustained production of tumor-reactive antibody for 10 weeks and over 15 months respectively. The cell line derived from PBL, 2D11, produced an antibody reactive with a trypsin-resistant antigen expressed on the cell membrane of autologous and allogeneic melanoma cell lines. The cell line derived from TIL, 1F6, produced an antibody reactive with a cell-surface glycoprotein expressed by 5 autologous melanoma cell lines derived from 5 different metastases and 16/19 allogeneic melanoma cell lines. 1F6 also showed reactivity with cell lines derived from a blue nevus, a congenital nevus, an astrocytoma, and 1/4 renal-cell carcinomas; but it was not reactive with 5 foreskin melanocyte cell lines, 2 normal fibroblast lines, 5 leukemia/lymphoma lines, 8 lung-cancer lines, 8 glioblastoma lines, or lines derived from 1 ovarian carcinoma, 1 colon carcinoma, 1 vulvar carcinoma, 1 fibrosarcoma, 1 murine melanoma, or 4 murine leukemia/lymphomas. We describe here an antibody that detects a new melanoma specificity obtained by EBV transformation of tumor-infiltrating B cells.
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PMID:Analysis of two human monoclonal antibodies against melanoma. 145 38

The Authors report the appearance of Central Nervous System lesions in three patients previously treated for ovarian carcinoma. In one case (Stage 1) the histological sample found a glioblastoma, in the others (Stage 3) the lesion was the metastases after systemic diffusion of the primary carcinoma. CNS metastases are rare and more frequently occur in advanced ovarian carcinoma. In patients at Stage 1, CNS isolated lesions may be primary tumors.
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PMID:[Cerebral lesions in patients with ovarian cancer]. 148 Mar 11

Human neural-crest-derived tumor cell lines, including three neuroblastomas, an astrocytoma, a glioblastoma, a rhabdomyosarcoma and a melanoma were screened for the expression of the integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA-4). The neuroblastomas IMR-32 and SK-N-SH, the astrocytoma 131-INI, the glioblastoma Fogerty and the rhabdomyosarcoma TE-671 expressed alpha 4 beta 1 as determined by cytofluorometry and immunoprecipitation. Another neuroblastoma line, LA-N-1, did not express alpha 4 beta 1. Analysis of immunoprecipitated alpha 4 beta 1 showed that the alpha 4 subunit from the various cell types differed in relative molecular weight (M(r)). The variability in the observed M(r) could be accounted for by differences in the levels of N-linked glycosylation. The observed variability in M(r) did not appear to affect function since intact cells and solubilized alpha 4 beta 1 bound to a synthetic peptide identical in sequence to the CS-1 region of the alternatively spliced IIICS domain of fibronectin, a known alpha 4 beta 1 ligand.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1992 Jul
PMID:Expression and ligand-binding function of the integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA-4) on neural-crest-derived tumor cell lines. 153 75

Frozen tissue sections obtained from human glioblastomas, brain tumor metastases and normal brain were examined for the expression of molecules known to be involved in lymphocyte activation and/or adhesion and migration. The molecules studied included CD3, CD45R, UCHL-1 (CD45RO), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) (CD11a, CD18), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54), 4B4 (CD29), CD44, CD2, and LFA-3 (CD58). CD3+ lymphocytes infiltrating human glioblastomas and brain tumor metastases expressed LFA-1 alpha and beta. Many cells were also UCHL-1+ whereas only a small percentage were CD45R+. CD2+ lymphocytes were also present. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were found to be negative for CD29, which was, however, expressed on intratumoral vessels in addition to vessels found in normal brain. Glioblastoma cells and intratumoral vessels expressed ICAM-1 whereas no ICAM-1 was found on TIL or on normal brain. Glioblastoma cells also expressed high levels of both CD44 and LFA-3 whereas TIL were negative for these antigens. CD44 was also expressed on certain regions of normal brain. Antibodies to LFA-1 alpha and -beta and ICAM-1 could significantly block the binding of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells or TIL to human glioblastoma cells suggesting that these molecules play a role in the binding and subsequent migration of lymphocytes into brain tumor tissue.
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PMID:Activation and adhesion molecule expression on lymphoid infiltrates in human glioblastomas. 169 16


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