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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A histopathological study was conducted on four cases in which a diffuse iris melanoma presented with glaucoma. Drainage surgery was performed on three eyes for medically non-responsive raised intraocular pressure, and all cases eventually (within 2-7 years) required enucleation for secondary glaucoma. In the iridectomy specimens the tumour melanocytes were small, uniform in size and spindle shaped, while in the enucleation specimens the tumour cells were epitheliod and pleomorphic. The dedifferentiated tumour in the enucleated eyes spread extensively within the anterior chamber and anterior uvea. In three cases there was evidence of intrascleral spread. However, none of the patients has died from metastatic disease in the follow-up period of 2-6 years since enucleation.
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PMID:Dedifferentiation potential of iris melanomas. 179 85

Posterior scleritis is an often misdiagnosed disease of the eye. Mainly it appears in elderly women and tends to be recurrent. Symptoms leading to diagnosis are swelling of the eye lids, a red eye, disturbances of the motility and protrusio bulbi. In rare cases you find exudative choroidal or retinal detachment, edema of the macula, or the optic nerve head, and secondary angle closure glaucoma. Often posterior scleritis is associated with general illness as herpes zoster, mixed connective tissue diseases, or Boeck's disease. Differential diagnosis are choroidal tumors as for example, melanoma, hemangioma, and metastases. The typical uveal effusion can also be caused by an arterio-venous fistula, panretinal photocoagulation, buckling procedure for retinal detachment, and by intraocular surgery in general. Especially cyclitis anularis pseudotumorosa has to be considered and shut out. Most important diagnostical means are ultrasound, and CT-scan. The underlying case describes an 81 years old woman that presented with acute angle closure glaucoma, and exudative choroidal detachment of the right eye. The ultrasound and CT-scan investigations confirmed the diagnosis of scleritis posterior. The acute angle closure glaucoma, and the choroidal detachment regressed immediately under the treatment with steroids given locally and systemically. There was no impact of miotics and peripheral iridectomy which both could not avoid recurrence of angle closure glaucoma.
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PMID:[Secondary angle-block glaucoma in posterior scleritis]. 189 39

A 67-year-old woman presented with signs of severe intraocular inflammation and secondary glaucoma. The initial diagnosis was uveitis, and an anterior chamber paracentesis with cytological study of the aspirate failed to establish an aetiological diagnosis. After three trabeculectomies had failed to control the intraocular pressure, the blind eye was enucleated. On histopathological examination a mucinous adenocarcinoma was found to cover diffusely the iris surface and to involve the ciliary body and peripheral choroid. The patient subsequently developed evidence of widespread metastatic disease and died shortly thereafter. Although a primary tumour was never found, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of the enucleated eye suggested that the lesion originated in the gastrointestinal tract. In cases of intractable glaucoma and anterior chamber inflammation, metastatic carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis, and efforts should be made to substantiate the diagnosis by a systemic examination or a biopsy.
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PMID:Mucinous adenocarcinoma metastatic to the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. 216 1

Metastatic melanoma to the eye can show a number of unusual features. Two cases with intraocular metastases from primary cutaneous malignant melanoma, with a latency of 5 and 16 years, respectively, from excision to debut of ocular symptoms are reported. In the first case, tumour cell invasion of the chamber angle caused an advanced secondary glaucoma. This eye was enucleated some months later when the tumour extended through the sclera despite palliative external radiation therapy. In the other seeing eye, small melanoma metastases were treated with laser. The patient died of systemic involvement. In the second case, a probable melanoma metastasis was revealed by a vitrectomy of a thickened posterior vitreous membrane. Ophthalmoscopy and B-scan ultrasonography 8 months later showed growths projecting 2 mm into the vitreous cavity. Metastases from a malignant melanoma with infiltration of the retina forming nodules, but also affecting adjacent choroid and optic nerve, was disclosed by histology. The patient died of metastasis to the brain.
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PMID:Intraocular metastasis from cutaneous malignant melanoma. 233 25

A 40 year old female presented with secondary glaucoma and loss of vision due to anterior pole metastasis of breast carcinoma. Trabeculectomy was performed after chemotherapy failed to control the uveal metastases. Ocular pressure control was obtained post-surgically and resulted in excellent visual rehabilitation during the next ten months prior to her demise.
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PMID:[Trabeculectomy for secondary glaucoma caused by metastasis of breast carcinoma]. 248 60

With binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, fluorescin angiography and ultrasonography 68 choroidal metastases in 52 eyes of 39 patients were diagnosed. The primary tumors were mainly breast cancer (81%) and lung cancer (10%). After radiation treatment the visual acuity improved in 17 eyes (38%), stabilized in 15 eyes (33%), whereas in 13 eyes (29%) deterioration could not be prevented (seven eyes unknown). Regression of the lesions or its accompanying secondary retinal detachment was seen in 78% of the eyes treated. Acute transient side effects of radiation therapy were kerato-conjunctivitis (nine patients) and acute glaucoma in one patient. No cataractous changes of the lens were observed in the post radiation period (one to 42 months). Irradiation of choroidal metastases can contribute to improvement of the quality of life with a treatment scheme of 30 Gy in ten daily fractions.
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PMID:Radiotherapy of choroidal metastases. 249 71

The authors report two cases of medullo-epithelioma of ciliary body found in two young children. They describe the main clinical symptoms which are often non specific (cataract, glaucoma). Diagnosis is based on histological findings following enucleation: the tumor is developed from the ciliary body cells and has often a local malignancy. Metastasis are rare.
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PMID:[Eye medulloepithelioma. Apropos of 2 cases]. 262 Apr 15

Ocular metastases developed from breast carcinomas in two women 7 and 19 years after their mastectomies. They were both ciliary body metastases that had eroded through the root of the iris to present as unifocal globular, gelatinous (colloid) masses in the anterior chamber, and were amenable to local surgery. Histopathologically, small cellular clusters were widely separated in a sea of mucin; the tumor cells failed to display marked pleomorphism or mitotic activity. In each case, the distinction from a primary mucinous ciliary epithelial neoplasm had to be made both clinically and pathologically. For comparison, the authors also report a unique primary ciliary carcinoma that caused intractable glaucoma by spreading diffusely throughout the iris, ciliary body, and anterior chamber angle, and that necessitated enucleation. The tumor cells failed to produce hyaluronic acid but elaborated a mucosubstance which was histochemically indistinguishable from that of the metastatic carcinomas. This primary neoplasm, however, exhibited the following histologic differences from the metastases: more architectural variability, including garlands and festoons of cells not forming lumens that were suspended in a mucinous matrix; much more abundant intracellular mucin; foci of sheet-like and pleomorphic cellular proliferations with mitotic activity; and partial replacement of the ciliary processes by a comparatively benign-appearing mucinous columnar epithelium.
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PMID:Metastatic colloid carcinoma versus primary carcinoma of the ciliary epithelium. 282 94

An 11-year-old cat with an intraocular melanoma was treated for 2 years for the secondary effects of the tumor (glaucoma, exposure keratitis) before enucleation was required. One year after enucleation, the cat was examined because of labored breathing. The cat was thin, appeared depressed, and had signs of respiratory compromise secondary to pleural effusion. Treatment was not instituted, and the cat was euthanatized. Metastasis of the primary melanoma to the lungs, pericardium, parietal pleura, mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, diaphragm, liver, and omentum was confirmed at necropsy. Intraocular melanomas in the cat have been implicated to have a greater malignant potential than those in the dog; however, few cases have been reported with long-term follow-up information.
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PMID:Intraocular melanoma with multiple metastases in a cat. 334 89

A 77-year-old male was admitted to our department with the chief complaint of positive occult blood in urine on July 30, 1984. Endoscopically, we found a dark red tumor on the left posterior wall of the urinary bladder, which seemed to have coagula covering it. On August 31, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-Bt) was performed, and the pathological interpretation was malignant melanoma. Dermatologically and ophthalmologically, we could not found the primary foci. A month later, cystoscopy demonstrated multiple blue black spots consistent with diffuse melanoma of the bladder. On May 7, 1985, he was admitted to our clinic with right hypochondralgia. On physical examination, the liver was palpable with an irregular surface, and the echogram showed multiple metastasis in the liver. TUR-Bt was carried out again, on May 17, 1985. Ultrastructually resected specimens demonstrated a lot of mature melanosomes in the tumor cells. The course of the patient progressively worsened, and he died on May 30, 1985. At autopsy, we found metastases in the central nervous system, bone, genitourinary tract, gastrointestinal tract and other organs. The left eye ball, which had been diagnosed as ophthalmomalacia by glaucoma six years earlier, was filled by a melanoma mass, and it seemed to be the primary foci.
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PMID:[Metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder: a case report]. 361 13


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