Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cells from a secondary tumor developing at the site of a regressed Moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumor could be passaged in adult STU mice by intramuscular and intraperitoneal inoculation. The tumors induced by these cells, as well as by a cell line derived from it, grew progressively and led to death of the animals between 3 and 7 wk after tumor transplantation. No evidence for production of virus from these cells was obtained or for the presence of viral antigens (p30, gp69/71). From both cell variants, sarcoma virus genome could be rescued by infection with helper virus, resulting in the establishment of a cell line producing focus- and XC plaque-forming virus. The rescued producer cells very frequently also produced tumors which finally grew progressively. The nonproducer cells were not immunogenic, as was demonstrated in cross transplantation tests and in studies for cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and complement-dependent antibody-mediated cytotoxicity (AMC). The producer cells, however, were demonstrated to possess a strong immunogenicity. The nonproducer cells, though nonimmunogenic, revealed a weak immunosensitivity when used for challenge in the transplantation protection assay or as target cell for the demonstration of AMC and CMC, if the immune response was induced by cells producing the sarcoma-helper virus complex, but not by cells producing only helper virus. The nonproducer cells, as well as their rescued producer derivative, showed a stronger reactivity with cytotoxic antibodies than with cytotoxic cells, whereas the helper virus-producing cell line was comparably suitable as target cell for AMC and CMC. The recurrence of a regressed Moloney sarcoma is assumed to be the result of the occurrence of transformed nonproducer cells escaping immune destruction, and not as a consequence of a depleted immune resistance in the host.
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PMID:Nonproducer malignant tumor cells with rescuable sarcoma virus genome isolated from a recurrent Moloney sarcoma. 15 22

Ultrastructural studies disclosed that the plaque-like endocardial thickenings in three patients with the carcinoid syndrome were composed of smooth muscle cells embedded in a stroma that was rich in acid mucopolysaccharides, collagen, and microfibrils, but devoid of elastic fibers. The smooth muscle cells contained variable numbers of myofilaments and cisterns of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and their basement membranes were greatly thickened, reduplicated, and arranged in layers. The endocardial plaques appeared histologically and ultrastructurally similar regardless of their location in the heart. The smooth muscle cells in these plaques appear to have been derived from primitive mesenchymal cells, which normally are present in the subendocardial endothelial space. These observations are interpreted as indicating that the plaques develop as a result of healing of a superficial endocardial injury, which may be initiated by release of bradykinin from hepatic metastases of a carcinoid tumor.
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PMID:The carcinoid endocardial plaque; an ultrastructural study. 93 37

The carcinogenic effect of several dose levels and regimens of an aqueous solution of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) administered intrarectally to mice and rats is reported. In Ha/ICR Swiss mice, a single dose of 1.8 mg MNU induces mainly lymphomas and pulmonary tumors in less than 20 weeks. Repeated doses of 1.5 mg MNU induces lymphomas, pulmonary tumors, and also large bowel tumors in less than 20 weeks. Doses of 0.3 mg decreased the yield of lymphomas and increased large bowel neoplasms over a period of 40 to 60 weeks. Repeated doses of 0.06 mg also gave a low yield of lymphomas and large bowel tumors over a 60-week period. Thus, a maximal yield of lymphomas is seen with a brief regimen of high doses, whereas large bowel tumors occur with a more frequent lower dose rate. Male Fischer strain rats given 1.0 or 2.5 mg MNU 3 times a week for 10 weeks had a multiplicity of large bowel tumors, proportional to dose, in 25 to 30 weeks. In fact, the high dose level led to a 100% yield in less than 20 weeks. Lymphomas were seen only at the higher dose when the animals were were young, at the beginning of the test. In mice and rats the carcinomas were polypoid or plaque shaped and were well differentiated with extensive invasion but no metastases. The adenomas were pedunculated or sessile. Intrarectal administration of a mixture of methylurea and nitrite for 20 weeks and further observation of the rats for an additional 35 weeks yielded no colon tumors. Thus, there is indirect evidence of a lack of the in situ formation of carcinogenic MNU in the large bowel under physiological conditions.
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PMID:Large bowel carcinogenesis in mice and rats by several intrarectal doses of methylnitrosourea and negative effect of nitrite plus methylurea. 126 Jul 48

A case of metastatic malignant melanoma to the shaft of the penis is described and the literature reviewed to collate the incidence of primary sites which metastasize to the penis. Less than 260 cases of metastasis to the penis have been reported. Of these, 76% are from genitourinary primary sites and 17% are from gastrointestinal primary sites but only one case of metastatic melanoma to the penis has been previously reported. The described case presented with painful priapism while receiving combination chemotherapy for metastatic disease. A CT scan demonstrated a deposit in the left corpora cavernosa and needle aspiration cytology of a plaque attached to the shaft confirmed malignant melanoma cells. Palliation of the painful priapism was achieved by treatment with radiotherapy using large doses per fraction. Retrograde venous or lymphatic spread may have been the cause of a metastasis at this site. Prognosis is very poor.
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PMID:Metastasis to the penis from malignant melanoma: case report and review of the literature. 137 19

During an 8-year period, 85 patients with uveal melanomas were treated with episcleral plaque radiotherapy (EPRT). The T-stage was: T1-3 (4%), T2-29 (34%) and T3-53 (62%). The mean tumor elevation was 6.1 mm. Radiation dose was prescribed at the tumor apex and at D5mm. The mean D5mm dose was 150.1 Gy (range 70.5-430 Gy) and the mean dose at the apex was 102.6 Gy (range 29.8-200 Gy). Useful vision (greater than 5/200) was maintained in 73% of patients. The 5-year actuarial survival was 88%. Metastatic disease developed in 9 (11%) patients, 6 of whom died of their disease. Basal tumor dimensions were important factors predicting metastatic disease, p = 0.002. A decrease in tumor evaluation was seen in 82%. There was a much lower incidence of decrease in tumor radial and circumferential dimensions, 47.5 and 46%, respectively, p less than 0.001. Treatment complications were common (56%), particularly in patients with large tumors (72%), p = 0.04. The incidence of complications was higher in patients treated prior to 1988 as compared to those who were treated more recently (67 vs 35%, p = 0.010). There were 13 (15%) patients who had enucleation. This included 12 treated before 1986 and 1 patient treated subsequently (46 vs 2%, p less than 0.001). In a univariate analysis, tumor height and radiation dose at D5mm were important factors predicting enucleation, p = 0.004. In a multivariate analysis, however, the most important factor predicting enucleation was treatment administration prior to 1986, p less than 0.001). A sharp decrease in the incidence of severe complications, including enucleation, as seen after 1985, is likely due to a major effort in treatment optimization.
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PMID:Episcleral plaque radiotherapy in the treatment of uveal melanomas. 152 63

The hypertensive gas technique induces avascularity within the eye during enucleation of a melanoma. Before touching the eye for enucleation, pressure is raised to maximum by an intravitreal injection of approximately 1.4 ml of gas (perfluorocarbon, air) resulting in a rock-hard eye. Avascularity persists for the duration of enucleation. From 9/1987 to 6/1989, 15 patients with choroidal melanomas were enrolled in a prospective study with the hypertensive gas technique instead of prior radiotherapy (the death rate in that series was five out of 26 melanoma patients at three years). Inclusion criteria for the hypertensive gas technique study were the same as for our previous irradiation series: (1) absence of detectable metastases and (2) a choroidal melanoma too large for a radioactive plaque. The average base diameter of melanomas measured 13.2 mm, height 8.4 mm. The cytology was: 11x spindle, 3x mixed, 1x epithelioid cells. At re-examination in 7/1991 (average follow-up 33 months) two diabetics had died with no detectable metastases prior to death, and one of the 15 melanoma patients had died with metastases 24 months after enucleation. So far the hypertensive gas technique for enucleation of a melanoma eye seems to have no adverse effect on survival. It seems to be a simple alternative to the precautions taken otherwise and it facilitates enucleation with practically no bleeding from the globe.
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PMID:Hypertensive gas technique for enucleation of choroidal melanomas: a preliminary report. 163 63

We describe a 78-year-old woman with eccrine porocarcinoma presenting a zosteriform appearance on the lateral upper part of the buttock. Erosion and bleeding were observed in the center of a 50 X 80 mm, erythematous indurated plaque with an elevated border. Posterior to the plaque, there was another erosive plaque, 50 X 20 mm in diameter, with peripheral induration overlaid by two reddish papules. Based on the previous reports of 21 patients with eccrine porocarcinoma in Japan, we discuss the relationship between the clinical pattern and lymph node metastasis. The pedunculated eccrine porocarcinoma has less tendency to metastasize to the regional lymph nodes than the nonpedunculated form.
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PMID:Eccrine porocarcinoma. 165 54

The use and development of iodine-125 plaque therapy for choroidal malignant melanoma are described. Since 1975 experience has led to changes in plaque design and insertion techniques. Twenty-one patients were irradiated with local episcleral iodine-125 plaques. Three patients required a second plaque for tumour recurrence. Four eyes were enucleated because of continued tumour growth and a further eye was removed because of glaucoma secondary to radiation retinopathy. Two patients (9.5%) died of metastases. The remaining 19 patients are alive and clinically clear of metastases, with a mean follow up time of 73.1 months (range 43-142 months).
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PMID:Improved iodine-125 plaque design in the treatment of choroidal malignant melanoma. 173 23

A review of 3706 consecutive patients with uveal melanoma revealed that 40 patients (1.1%) were age 20 years or younger at the time of diagnosis. The youngest patient was age 6 years but the majority of patients (78%) were between 15 and 20 years old. The tumor occurred in the iris in 5 cases (12%) and in the posterior uvea in 35 cases (88%). The mean largest tumor dimension and thickness was 10 mm and 5 mm, respectively. In all cases, the diagnosis of uveal melanoma was suspected before referral, and misdirected treatment was avoided. The tumor was initially treated by enucleation in 24 cases (60%), local resection in 7 (18%), plaque radiotherapy in 3 (8%), and observation in 6 (15%). Secondary treatment was required in 7 cases in the form of enucleation (4 cases), ablative laser (1 case), plaque radiotherapy (1 case), and exenteration (1 case). The mean follow-up period was 68 months (median, 48 months) from the time of treatment, and only one patient died of metastases (from a massive ciliochoroidal melanoma 33 months after treatment). The remainder of the group of young patients are alive and healthy. Cumulative survival rates show that 96% of young patients with uveal melanoma survive at the 5-year period.
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PMID:Uveal melanoma in teenagers and children. A report of 40 cases. 180 Sep 26

A review of 3706 consecutive patients with uveal melanoma over a 17-year period revealed that 16 patients (0.4%) were pregnant women at the time of diagnosis. The mean age at presentation in this group was 30 years and the mean months of gestation at the time of diagnosis of the posterior uveal melanoma was 6 months. Seven of the sixteen tumors were active uveal melanomas at the initial examination and were treated immediately, while the remaining nine tumors were initially diagnosed as suspicious choroidal nevi or dormant choroidal melanomas, seven of which grew into active melanomas during the course of the pregnancy, necessitating therapy. The tumors were managed by enucleation in 10 cases, plaque radiotherapy either during or after pregnancy in 4 cases, and observation in 2 cases. Histopathologically, the melanomas did not differ appreciably in cell type, mitotic activity, and other features when compared with a matched group of tumors in nonpregnant women. All of the patients who elected to carry the pregnancy to term (14 cases) delivered healthy babies with no placental or infant metastases. The 5-year survival rate using the life table method in these pregnant women with posterior uveal melanoma is 71% and is similar to the survival of nonpregnant women with posterior uveal melanoma reported in other series.
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PMID:Uveal melanoma and pregnancy. A report of 16 cases. 180 Sep 27


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