Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present report is that of a 40-year-old woman admitted with hematemesis and epigastric pain. Endoscopy revealed a fungating mass in the lower esophagus. Esophageal brushing revealed clustered and single malignant cells with ample cytoplasm, large bizarre nuclei and prominent, irregular nucleoli; the chromatin was irregular with clumping at the nuclear borders. Giant multinucleated malignant cells were numerous. These cells had nuclear molding and abundant acidophilic cytoplasm. Autopsy findings included a large tumor in the lower esophagus and metastases to lung, liver and kidneys. Microscopically, the fungating esophageal tumor and metastases were composed of cyto- and syncytiotrophoblastic elements. Choriocarcinoma of the esophagus is a rarity, and only two cases were found in the literature. The diagnosis, however, can be achieved by brush biopsy since the characteristic cyto- and syncytiotrophoblastic cells can be readily identified, provided that the possibility of this ectopic occurrence is recognized.
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PMID:Choriocarcinoma of the esophagus: histologic and cytologic findings. A case report. 28 54

A rare metastatic choroidal tumor from primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a male is described. This tumor secreted gonadotrophins and showed the histopathologic characteristics of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells. Early metastatic disease resulted in rapid death; the development of the choroidal metastatic lesion was diagnosed at autopsy.
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PMID:Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a male metastatic to the choroid. 30 84

Transplantation into lethally irradiated mice of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells from immature donors which hypothetically will not mount a cell mediated attack against simultaneously inoculated human tumor cells has resulted in tumor engraftment and growth in long-term surviving radiation chimeras. Twenty-four hours after lethal irradiation, A or CBA mice were given iv injections of 2 X 10(7) fetal liver cells from syngeneic donors of 14, 16, or 18 days of embryonation and sc injections of 1, 3, or 6 X 10(6) human choriocarcinoma (C-1, C-2, and C-3) cells or human breast carcinoma (B-1) cells that had been maintained in culture. Palpable tumors greater than or equal to 5 mm were noted in 18/22 mice injected with C-1, 9/16 with C-2, 10/10 with C-3, and 18/30 with B-1. Tumors of 17 (31%) of mice remained palpable until death of the animal or until termination of the experiment 100 days post inoculation. Histologic study of autopsy specimens revealed malignant tumors with occasional pulmonary metastases. Human chorionic gonadotropin was found in the serum of mice that received choriocarcinoma cells.
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PMID:Growth of human tumors in lethally irradiated mice reconstituted with syngeneic fetal liver cells. 31 94

A unique case of a metastasising choriocarcinoma, inadvertently transplanted to a man from a female cadaver kidney is reported. When the kidney was removed six days after transplantation, arterial blood vessel infiltration by chorio-carcinoma cells and high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the serum of the recipient indicated an haematogenous dissemination of viable neoplastic cells. The immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued after removal of the graft and the HCG levels in the recipient gradually decreased over a periode of eight weeks, indicating a slow immunologic rejection of the tumor cells. The recipient committed suicide seven months after the transplantation had failed. No metastases were found at a legal autopsy. It seems advisable, whenever there is evidence that neoplastic cells might have been transfered by a homograft, to remove the graft and discontinue the immunosuppressive therapy. Neoplastic cells already disseminated can still be eliminated when the immunologic system is intact and not suppressed.
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PMID:Metastatic choriocarcinoma transplanted with cadaver kidney: a case report. 33 64

Two hundred and sixty-five patients with malignant trophoblastic disease were admitted to the Southeastern Trophoblastic Disease Center at Duke University Medical Center between July 1966 and June 1976. Of these 165 patients, 20 had choriocarcinoma following a term gestation with a survival rate of 60% as compared to 95% survival rate for the remaining 245 patients. Previously described risk factors of initial human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) titer of greater than 100,000 IU/24 hr urine, duration of symptoms for more than 4 months, significant prior unsuccessful chemotherapy or cerebral or hepatic metastases identified the "poor prognosis" group. Post-term gestation "poor prognosis" patients had a significantly lower cure rate (47%), than other patients with "poor prognosis" for gestational trophoblastic disease (75%; P less than 0.05). Post-term gestation choriocarcinoma has a propensity for more extensive metastatic spread and would appear to be less responsive to conventional chemotherapy, which may be due to an altered immune response in these patients. This suggests that an antecedent term pregnancy should be added to the previously described high-risk factors for patients with malignant trophoblastic disease.
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PMID:Choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy. 41 76

The radiographic appearance of the pulmonary metastases of choriocarcinoma and other malignancies of gestational trophoblastic origin is described. Quantitative, though not qualitative, differences from other large series in the literature are noted. These observations may more accurately reflect the experience with this disease in North America. Three basic types of metastases are described--typical, alveolar, and embolic with emphasis placed on the most common typical metastatic lesion. The possible relation of methotrexate therapy to alveolar metastases is queried. That residual pulmonary nodules in the appropriate clinical setting need not represent viable tumor is noted.
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PMID:The pulmonary metastases of choriocarcinoma. 55 66

Fifteen cases of metastatic brain tumors associated with massive subarachnoid, intracerebral, or intraventricular hemorrhage or a combination thereof are reported. Four patients had multiple bleeding cerebral metastasis. In 10 patients, stroke was the first manifestation of the neoplastic disease. It is concluded that metastases of choriocarcinoma, melanoma, and bronchogenic carcinoma are most prone to massive bleeding. The average survival from the beginning of neurologic symptoms was 65 days, but in seven patients, it was 11 days or less. Surgery seems to be beneficial in selected patients. Massive hemorrhage was a complication in 14 percent of our patients with metastases to brain versus 0.8 percent of those with gliomas.
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PMID:Intracranial hemorrhage caused by metastatic tumors. 55 71

A case of choriocarcinoma in a 17-year-old unmarried female is presented. She attended the E.N.T. Clinic with a rapidly growing mass at the tip of the nose. Histologic report of the excised mass was reported as a secondary deposit from a choriocarcinoma. Further questioning at this stage revealed the history of an abortion two years before. Gynecological examination revealed secondary deposits in the vagina. X-rays of the chest showed evidence of metastases in the lungs. She died of profuse bleeding from the vagina.
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PMID:Choriocarcinoma of the nose. 56 10

A study of the incidence and clinical course of testicular germ-cell tumor metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract is presented. Gastrointestinal tract metastasis occurred in 25 cases, 5% of all patients evaluated with germ-cell tumor of the testis. Although embryonal carcinoma was the dominant component in all cases, element of choriocarcinoma were found in 20 cases and HCG was positive in 22 cases. Metastasis occurred most commonly by direct invasion from adjacent tumor. The most frequent site of gastrointestinal involvment was the proximal small intestine. Ivolvement of the duodenum was noted in seven cases. The most common gastrointestinal tract manifestations were intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. Although a variety of therapeutic modalities were tried, the average length of survival from the time of diagnosis of gastrointestinal metastasis to death was six months.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal tract metastasis in patients with germ-cell tumor of the testis. 56 78

A 28-year old woman with ovarian choriocarcinoma developed a uveitis in her left eye. Subsequently, a mass was observed in the anterior segment of that eye together with a subconjunctival mass that appeared to extend from it. Biopsy of the subconjunctival nodule showed two different cell types consistent with the cytotrophoblastic and syncytiotrophoblastic elements typical and choriocarcinoma. No abnormalities of the posterior segment were found on careful examination. Treatment consisted of systemic chemotherapy with a variety of therapeutic agents, argon laser photocoagulation of tumor seedings in the anterior chamber angle, radiation to the eye, and finally, subconjunctival injections of methotrexate. The eye became blind and painful and was enucleated. Histopathologic examination revealed residual tumor cells in the anterior segment indicating treatment changes, but there were no abnormalities posteriorly. Choriocarcinoma metastatic to the eye has been reported infrequently, and this is the first case in which anterior segment metastases have been observed and the effects of treatment thoroughly documented.
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PMID:Anterior segment metastases from an ovarian choriocarcinoma. 57 42


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