Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-nine patients with chordoma were seen at the Christie Hospital, Manchester, between 1932 and 1980. Fifty-three per cent of the tumours were located in the sacrococcygeal region and 24% in the clivus region. Forty-eight patients were treated with radiotherapy, and the 10-year survival for the whole group was 23%. There was no difference in survival between the two major sites. Patients who had radical surgery and radical radiotherapy achieved better palliation and longer survival. Sixteen per cent of the patients developed metastases.
 ...
PMID:Chordoma: results of treatment. 669 57

Chordoma involving the sacrum is a rare neoplasm. Between 1952 and 1979, 63 patients underwent surgical treatment at the Mayo Clinic. Most of the patients were treated by en bloc excision by a posterior approach. For the 25 patients who had complete excision of the tumor without contamination of the surgical wound, the recurrence rate was 28%. For the 25 patients whose tumor was entered at surgery, the recurrence rate was 64%. In addition to recurring locally, this tumor may metastasize to distant sites. More aggressive surgery seems indicated.
 ...
PMID:Clinicopathologic study of sacrococcygeal chordoma. 671 55

Chordoma is a rare tumor with slow growth developing from remnants of the notochord and thus appears in close relation to the axial skeleton. A Swedish national series collected over a period of 13 years, comprising 51 patients with a follow-up time of 8-20 years, was studied. Histologically all tumors had a typical appearance except two, which had characteristics of "chondroid chordoma". Fifty-seven per cent of the tumors were located in the sacrococcygeal region, 27 per cent in the spheno-occipital region and 16 per cent in the vertebrae. The peak age incidence was in the 6th and 7th decades. Male: female ratio was 1:1. The main symptoms were pain and neurologic disturbances. Skeletal destruction was noted radiographically in most instances. Intratumoral calcifications were rarely seen. The treatment was surgery, radiotherapy or a combination of these. There was only one long-term survivor without evidence of disease, a patient operated on for cervical chordoma 14 years earlier. Six other patients lived 8-18 years after diagnosis with chordoma. All other patients were dead; 39 died of chordoma, five of unrelated causes. Distant metastases were noted in 29 per cent. Chordoma constituted 17.5 per cent of all primary malignant bone tumors of the axial skeleton. The yearly incidence was 0.51 per million inhabitants in Sweden.
 ...
PMID:Chordoma. A clinicopathologic and prognostic study of a Swedish national series. 721 16

Chordomas are slow growing malignant neoplasms with a prolonged clinical course which do not usually metastasize. They are histologically benign, locally invasive and often recur following resection. Survival has been shown to vary widely and prognostic indicators have been difficult to identify. Cellularity, mitotic activity and cellular pleomorphism have not been found to have prognostic significance. Thirty-six cases of clival, cervico-thoracic and sacral chordomas were evaluated utilizing four variables as possible predictors of survival: (1) silver nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR), (2) ploidy, (3) fibrosis, and (4) inflammatory response. AgNOR areas in approximately 200 cells per case were calculated and summed. DNA ploidy was obtained in 23 of the cases by analyzing deparaffinized Feulgen-stained tissue. Fibrosis and inflammation were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and by trichrome stains. Clinical follow-up was available in the 36 cases with survival ranging from 0.5 to 159 months. A statistical analysis employing the Cox-Proportional Hazards model disclosed no significant correlation between AgNOR area and clinical outcome (P > 0.05). The variables, fibrosis, and inflammation, did not demonstrate prognostic significance (P > 0.05). Ploidy demonstrated a statistical trend for prognostic significance (P = 0.077). It is apparent that three of the four parameters studied do not independently affect survival. Although AgNOR has proved useful in the study of other neoplasms such as those of breast, prostate and bladder, it is not of significant importance in predicting the behaviour of chordomas. Ploidy, on the other hand, may be of value in predicting clinical outcome in chordomas and may be a useful marker in the evaluation of the aggressive biological behavior of these neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:Chordomas: pathological features; ploidy and silver nucleolar organizing region analysis. A study of 36 cases. 773 86

Chordoma is generally thought to be a locally invasive tumour of low metastatic potential. Review of the literature suggests that metastatic spread from chordoma is not an uncommon occurrence, but that the metastases are usually clinically silent. We present an unusual case where a metastasis from a sacrococcygeal chordoma produced a syndrome of lumbar root compression after resection of the primary lesion.
 ...
PMID:Case report: symptomatic metastasis from a sacrococcygeal chordoma. 778 30

Chordoma is a neoplasm arising from the primitive notochord. Even though many chordomas follow a progressive course with multiple recurrences and metastases and eventual death due to tumor, reports of skin metastases from chordoma are rare. This report describes a case of chordoma with metastasis to the scalp in a 67-year-old man with a primary lesion of the sacrococcygeal region.
 ...
PMID:Chordoma with cutaneous metastasis. 780 7

A 27-month-old boy of Hispanic background developed multiple cranial nerve palsies, difficulty swallowing, bloody nasal discharge, and irritability. Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large tumor that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. Multiple pulmonary nodules were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident tumor cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a chordoma. Treatment was initiated with a combination of ifosfamide, mesna, and etoposide along with radiation therapy to the cranial tumor. Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the child developed rapidly progressive hypoxemia 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable tumor in the primary site and massive pulmonary arteriolar tumor emboli, infarcts, and widespread lung parenchymal metastases. No other sites of tumor involvement were discovered. This is the second child reported with intracranial chordoma, pulmonary metastases at diagnosis, and early death attributed to pulmonary tumor emboli.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic intracranial chordoma in a child with massive pulmonary tumor emboli. 780 74

Six cases of chordomas presenting as primary posterior mediastinal tumors are described. Three patients were female, and three were male between the ages of 8 and 65 years (mean, 40.6 years). In all cases, the tumors presented radiographically as relatively well-circumscribed, encapsulated soft tissue masses that did not seem to be related to the thoracic or dorsal spine. Only in one case, focal infiltration of bone at the level of T6-T7 was observed at the time of surgery. Histologically, the lesions showed a spectrum of features that ranged from sheets and cords of large cells with abundant vacuolated cytoplasm to small, stellate cells embedded within an abundant mucoid matrix. In one case, the cell population showed more pronounced nuclear atypia with loss of cytoplasmic vacuolization, frequent mitotic figures, necrosis, and solid areas characterized by a perivascular distribution of atypical spindle cells set against a myxoid stroma. Another case showed features of chondroid chordoma, with an immature chondroid-appearing matrix surrounding the atypical tumor cells. Immunohistochemical studies in all cases showed positive staining of the tumor cells with CAM 5.2 and broad-spectrum keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and vimentin, and, to a lesser extent, with S-100 protein. Stains for muscle actin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and desmin were negative. Ultrastructural examination in two cases showed a spectrum of features that varied from large cells with abundant cytoplasm containing scattered ribosomes, glycogen granules, Golgi apparatti, abundant intermediate filaments, and small lumen formation with immature microvilli to smaller cells with elongated cytoplasmic processes, fewer intermediate filaments, rare desmosome type intercellular junctions, and complexes of mitochondria/rough endoplasmic reticulum. On clinical follow-up, two patients died with metastases to the lungs, chest wall, and liver from 1 to 3 years after diagnosis, and two patients are alive and well without evidence of disease after 3 and 16 years. Chordoma should be entertained in the differential diagnosis of posterior mediastinal tumors. Application of immunohistochemical stains or electron microscopy will be of aid in separating them from other conditions that may histologically closely resemble these lesions.
 ...
PMID:Chordomas of the mediastinum: clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of six cases presenting as posterior mediastinal masses. 852 9

A 29-year-old man presented with headache, confusion, word-finding difficulty, and a visual field deficit 16 months after complete removal of a sacrococcygeal chordoma. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head demonstrated two discrete enhancing left occipital lesions with associated cerebral edema. Both masses were surgically excised and their histological appearance was consistent with chordoma. Chordoma from the sacral region is known to metastasize to the lungs and the vertebral bodies but has rarely been shown to spread to the brain. Dissemination to the brain in this case may be related to the extent of the metastatic pulmonary disease and the anaplastic appearance of the primary tumor.
 ...
PMID:Sacrococcygeal chordoma metastatic to the brain with review of the literature. 854 71

A rare case of cutaneous skin metastasis from an intracranial chordoma is presented. A large nodule developed in the left thigh of a 22-year-old woman who had been previously diagnosed to have a chordoma at the base of her skull. Sections from the biopsied specimens of the nodule showed proliferations of physaliphorous cells and stellate cells in cords and in nests in a myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were stained positively with antibodies to S-100 protein and cytokeratin. The results of the histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of the nodule were interpreted as pointing to a diagnosis of metastatic chordoma based on their similarity to the results of studies of the primary neoplasm in the cranial region. Based on the number of cases of skin metastasis from chordoma reported in the literature, skin should be kept in mind as one of the target organs, although such metastases are still rare.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous metastasis of CNS chordoma. 859 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>