Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of cutaneous metastases from a scapular chondrosarcoma in a 85-year-old man. The metastatic skin lesion was noted nine years after resection of the primary tumor. Metastases to lung and soft tissues had occurred four years earlier. The patient also had a history of malignant melanoma. Although this case illustrates an unusual pattern of metastases, we conclude that the appearance of cutaneous lesions in a patient with a prior history of chondrosarcoma should alert the clinician to the possibility of a metastatic chondrosarcoma.
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PMID:An unusual cutaneous metastasis of a chondrosarcoma. 225 76

The first case of carcinosarcoma originating from the renal pelvis in Japan is reported. A fifty-five year old woman was admitted to the hospital on July 13, 1987, complaining of a one-year history of lumbago. On physical examination, a mass of child's head size was palpable in the right loin. There were other palpable masses in the posterior head (8 x 8 cm), left anterior chest (3 x 3 cm) and sacral region (3 x 3 cm). A chest X-ray showed multiple pulmonary metastases and an excretory urogram revealed a non-visualizing right kidney. Computed tomogram and renal angiogram suggested right renal tumor. Right renal arterial embolization with ethanol sclerosing was performed. She had previously undergone biopsy of the sacral lesion at another hospital, histological examinations of which pointed to suspected carcinosarcoma. She was treated by a combination chemotherapy with vincristine, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide. Despite one course of chemotherapy, her general condition deteriorated with progression of metastatic lesions in the regions other than the lungs. She died of the disease on december 9, 1987. Autopsy was performed. Sections of the right kidney showed a transitional cell carcinoma in-situ with squamous and glandular differentiation in addition to the chondrosarcoma. The metastases were found in the liver, lung and bone, all of which consisted of chondrosarcoma. On the other hand skin metastases consisted of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The pathological specimens were reviewed at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C.
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PMID:[A case of carcinosarcoma originating from the renal pelvis]. 228 21

The clinicopathologic features and response to therapy of 28 patients with non-Ewing's flat bone sarcoma treated at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, over a 25-year period were reviewed. Twenty-two patients had osteosarcoma, four malignant fibrous histiocytoma, one chondrosarcoma, and one fibrosarcoma. Ages at diagnosis ranged from 3 to 24 years (median, 15 years). Primary sites were craniofacial bones in ten patients, pelvis eight, scapula four, ribs two, metatarsal bones two, clavicle one, and vertebra one. All primary tumors were associated with soft tissue extension; none of the patients had metastatic disease at presentation. Six cases represented second malignancies that arose 5 to 16 years after irradiation for an unrelated tumor. Complete excision was possible in ten patients, eight of whom received postoperative chemotherapy. Five of these patients remain free of disease 1.8+ to 13+ years (median, 8.1 years) from diagnosis. Prolonged remissions after adjuvant chemotherapy were achieved in only two of 18 patients after incomplete surgical resection or biopsy. The median survival time in this group was 1 year (range, 0.2-7.7+ years). The remaining 16 patients had progressive local disease, but only two developed concurrent metastases. Thus, complete surgical resection appears to maximize disease-free survival in patients with non-Ewing's flat bone sarcoma. For the large percentage of patients in whom total resection is not possible, because of soft tissue extension and local invasion of bulky tumors, preoperative chemotherapy may increase the likelihood of complete excision and improve long-term survival.
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PMID:Sarcomas (other than Ewing's) of flat bones in children and adolescents. A clinicopathologic study. 229 50

Canine extraskeletal osteosarcomas are extremely rare tumors. Over a period of 25 years at the Animal Medical Center, approximately 1,000 cases of skeletal osteosarcomas have been diagnosed. During the same period 11 cases of extraskeletal osteosarcomas and three extraskeletal chondrosarcomas were diagnosed. Tumors of the mammary gland were excluded. Extraskeletal osteosarcomas were found in the adrenal gland, eye, gastric ligament, ileum, kidney, liver, spleen, testicle, and vagina. The chondrosarcomas were found in the mitral valves, lungs, and omentum. The mean age of the dogs with extraskeletal osteosarcoma was 11 years, and the mean age of the dogs with extraskeletal chondrosarcoma was 14 years. The The sizes of the tumors ranged from 3 cubic centimeters to 8,315 cubic centimeters. Osteoblastic osteosarcomas were the most common histologic type (7/11, 63.6%); there was a single case of each of the following: fibroblastic, fibrous histiocytic, chondroblastic, and mixed osteo-chondroblastic osteosarcoma. Two of the dogs with chondrosarcomas had mesenchymal chondrosarcomas involving the lungs and omentum. The remaining dog had a regular chondrosarcoma involving the mitral valve. Distant metastases were present in seven of 11 dogs with extraskeletal osteosarcoma and in none of the dogs with chondrosarcoma. In contrast to human beings, in which most extraskeletal osteosarcomas occur in the soft tissues and the extremities, most canine extraskeletal osteosarcomas develop in the visceral organs.
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PMID:Canine extraskeletal osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 14 cases. 230 81

Bone scintigraphy was performed as part of an initial diagnostic evaluation of 70 dogs admitted with primary bone tumors during a 2-year period. Tumors involved major long bones of the appendicular skeleton and included 62 osteosarcomas, 6 fibrosarcomas, and 2 chondrosarcomas. All dogs were free of radiographically detectable pulmonary metastases. Bone scintigraphy was not of value in distinguishing among various types of primary tumors. One dog with an ulnar chondrosarcoma had a scintigraphically detectable occult osseous metastasis or synchronous primary tumor, and 1 dog with osteosarcoma had a scintigraphically detectable lymph node metastasis. Pulmonary metastases were not detected scintigraphically. Of the 70 dogs, 44.3% had areas of increased isotope uptake associated with nonneoplastic disease processes.
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PMID:Bone scintigraphy in the initial evaluation of dogs with primary bone tumors. 231 89

Twenty-one cases in which sarcomas metastasized to the ovaries are reported. The patients ranged from 18 to 79 (average 42) years of age; only five of them were over 50 years old. Eleven tumors were primary in the uterus and 10 outside the genital tract. Three uterine tumors were leiomyosarcomas, and eight, endometrial stromal sarcomas. The extragenital primary tumors were leiomyosarcoma of the stomach (1) and small intestine (2), retrovesical leiomyosarcoma (1), fibrosarcoma of the anterior abdominal wall (1), sarcoma of the mesentery of smooth muscle or neural type (1), hemangiosarcoma probably primary in the heart (1), osteosarcoma of the maxilla (1), chondrosarcoma of the rib (1), and Ewing's sarcoma of the pubic bone (1). The ovarian tumors, most of which were large, were discovered at the same time as the primary tumors in 11 cases; in seven cases, the ovarian tumor was discovered 7 months to 9 years after diagnosis of the primary tumor. In three cases, the ovarian tumors were discovered 4, 7, and 10 months before detection of the primary neoplasm. Two of these tumors were endometrial stromal sarcomas, and one, an epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the stomach. Eleven ovarian metastases were bilateral. On microscopic examination, the greatest difficulty in pathologic interpretation was posed by the metastatic endometrial stromal sarcomas because of their simulation of sex cord-stromal tumors. Features helpful in their distinction from these tumors included the frequent presence of extra-ovarian disease, bilaterality, and a characteristic content of small arteries resembling the spiral arteries of the late secretory endometrium. The other tumor that caused major diagnostic difficulty was the metastatic epithelioid leiomyosarcoma from the stomach, which had a pattern that initially suggested the solid-tubular pattern of a Sertoli cell tumor.
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PMID:Sarcomas metastatic to the ovary: a report of 21 cases. 237 88

Clinico-roentgeno-morphological characteristics of clear-cell chondrosarcoma are presented. Tumour cells had an abundant clear cytoplasm limited by a well discernible membrane; there were few giant multinuclear cells of the osteoclast type, zones of secondary osteogenesis and calcification. The lobulation of the structure was much less pronounced and the lobules were smaller and no so distinct as compared to an ordinary chondrosarcoma. All patients survived without recurrences and metastases after the operation.
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PMID:[Clear-cell chondrosarcoma of bone]. 239 20

The cases of 96 patients (55 male and 41 female) with primary chondrosarcoma of the chest wall were reviewed. Ages ranged from 17 to 78 years (median, 53.5 years). The tumor involved the rib in 78 patients and the sternum in 18. Seventy-two patients had treatment at the Mayo Clinic, 28 by wide resection, 25 by local excision, and 19 by palliative excision. There was 1 operative death. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 46 years. Recurrent chondrosarcoma developed in 37 patients. All had local recurrence, and 14 also had metastases. Within 10 years, recurrence had developed in 50% of patients who had local excision and in 17% of patients who had wide resection. Ten-year chondrosarcoma survival (Kaplan-Meier) for patients treated by wide resection was 96%; by local excision, 65%; and by palliative excision, 14% (p less than 0.0001). Tumor grade, tumor diameter, tumor location, and date of operation all had a significant influence on survival. This report documents the natural history of chest wall chondrosarcoma and demonstrates that early wide resection is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the chest wall: factors affecting survival. 241 78

Tumor-induced neovascularization is essential for invasion, metastases, and exponential growth of solid tumors. The authors studied the differences in macromolecular leakage from the neovasculature of a fast-growing, early-metastasizing tumor, the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, and a slow-growing, nonmetastasizing tumor, a rat chondrosarcoma. A 1-mm3 piece of the Walker 256 carcinoma or the chondrosarcoma was implanted in the cremaster muscle of rats. Five days after surgery the cremaster muscle with the implanted tumor was placed in a special bath containing Krebs solution such that the circulation and nerves from the animal to the cremaster were intact. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled rat serum albumin (FITC-RSA) was injected (intra-arterially) into each rat to permit visualization of the vasculature by fluorescent microscopy. A closed-circuit television system was used to quantitate macromolecular leakage as a change in interstitial fluorescent intensity. Data are given as a relative fluorescent intensity (mean +/- standard error of the mean) in an area of the cremaster with tumor-induced neovascularization. These studies demonstrated that the vasculature induced by rapidly growing Walker 256 carcinosarcoma leak albumin freely when compared with the vasculature induced by the slow-growing chondrosarcoma. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in fluorescent intensity (albumin leakage) in the Walker tumor from 1 minute (24 +/- 3.0) to 30 minutes (49 +/- 5.6). In the normal cremaster area there was a significantly lower fluorescent intensity in the interstitium and a very slight increase with time (4 +/- 1.5 at 1 minute vs. 7 +/- 1.4 at 30 minutes). One interpretation of these data is that the mechanisms responsible for protein leakage from the vasculature of the Walker tumor may be involved in the fast growth and metastases of this tumor as compared with slower-growing tumors such as the chondrosarcoma.
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PMID:Differential macromolecular leakage from the vasculature of tumors. 241 77

Carcinosarcomas of the prostate gland are exceedingly rare, and previous reports exist on only seven of these neoplasms. The authors studied two such tumors, which occurred in 63- and 69-year-old patients. One of them had osseous metastases develop, which were treated unsuccessfully by irradiation and diethylstilbestrol therapy. The other patient is free of disease 15 months after radical prostatectomy. Both tumors contained an intimate mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma; patient 1 displayed foci of chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma, whereas patient 2 exhibited areas of chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma. The phenotypic nature of these tissues was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies, showing reactivity for vimentin, S-100 protein, desmin, actin, myoglobin, or Ulex europaeus I agglutinin. Conversely, the sarcomatous components lacked prostate-specific antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, and cytokeratin, whereas carcinomatous elements expressed these three markers. The authors' data support the existence of true carcinosarcomas of the prostate, that is, malignant neoplasms with conjoint epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation. The question of whether prostatic carcinosarcoma is an entity that is totally distinct from sarcomatoid or metaplastic carcinoma remains problematic.
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PMID:Prostatic carcinosarcomas. Clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical data on two cases, with a review of the literature. 247 43


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