Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A fully documented series of thirty nine cases of epiphyseal chondroblastoma is described. This is a remarkable series because of the rarity of this tumour. There is a slight predilection for the male sex. The age most affected is ten to twenty years. The tumour progresses slowly and joint involvement and pain are slight. The commonest site is the proximal epiphysis of the humerus, followed by the epiphyses of the knee. The classical appearances are of a clearly defined area of osteolysis, central or eccentric, with foci of calcification, in the epiphyseal or apophyseal regions, and often transgressing the epiphyseal cartilage. We have never observed involvement of the opposite bone in the affected joint. In four of our thirty nine cases the neoplasm invaded the point and/or soft tissues. The differential diagnosis, especially in localisations at the knee, is with giant cell tumour. The tumour is slow growing and the prognosis is always good. We have never seen malignant transformations or so-called "benign" pulmonary metastases. The few recurrences in this series (five out of thirty nine) were all cured by a second operation. Curettage and grafting is the operation of choice.
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PMID:Epiphyseal chondroblastoma (a study of 39 cases). 34 74

Although most chondroblastomas are cured by limited surgical procedures, occasional lesions behave more aggressively and may even metastasize. We report here an unusual case of chondroblastoma, characterized by slow growth, two clinical recurrences following attempts at excision, and pulmonary metastases after a total course of 34 years. This tumor was moderately radiosensitive, as it decreased 50% in size 6 months after a dose of 4000 rads in 4 weeks. Review of the literature suggests that aggressive chondroblastomas may show several types of behavior. Most lesions are unusually aggressive from their inception, displaying local invasion and early recurrence. Other lesions, such as the present case, continue to grow slowly and may eventually metastasize if inadequately resected. This latter type of behavior may exemplify the natural history of untreated chondroblastoma.
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PMID:Metastatic chondroblastoma: report of an unusual case treated with radiotherapy. 45 68

A case of chondroblastoma involving the left ischium, lower wing of left ilium and inferior ramus of left pubis is presented. The tumor showed aggressive features and repeated recurrences over a 30-year period and ultimately developed the cytologic features of a malignant neoplasm. However, no metastases have developed.
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PMID:Recurrent and aggressive chondroblastoma of the pelvis with late malignant neoplastic changes. 53 62

A patient treated with curettage and bone grafting for a chondroblastoma of the distal femur sustained a pathologic fracture after a local recurrence. He then underwent a local, radical resection and an arthrodesis of the knee. Ten years after the first operation, pulmonary metastases were found, for which he underwent a metastasectomy (thoracotomy). At the latest follow-up, 1 year later there were no signs of tumor.
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PMID:Late pulmonary metastases from chondroblastoma of the distal femur. A case report. 223 76

Authors describe the frequency of bone tumours in the shoulder region and the anatomical characteristics of this region, that are important, regarding tumour surgery. Six cases are reported in whom resection was performed for malignant, semimalignant and benign bone tumours. In their material one primary and two secondary chondrosarcomas, one Ewing's sarcoma, one osteoclastoma and one benign chondroblastoma were found. Follow-up range was 3-7 years. In two patients partial and total scapulectomy was performed, in the later the proximal end of the humerus was resected only, in three of them endoprosthesis was given, and in one case the missing bone was replaced with a fibular graft. The function of the limbs was in every case, even in those in which the replacement of the bone segment was not carried out, adequate. Metastases developed in three patients, two of them were lost, one is alive. The rest of the patients was free of tumour at the follow-up.
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PMID:[Limb-preserving resection operations in the management of bone tumors of the shoulder region]. 257 54

We studied 217 consecutive tumors of bone by flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA concentration after staining with propidium iodide. A diagnosis and histological grade (benign, low-grade, or high-grade sarcoma) were assigned to each tumor on the basis of staging data (with the exception of the forty-six giant-cell tumors, which, although indistinguishable histologically, were divided according to the flow cytometric pattern into two distinct groups), and we quantitatively studied the flow cytometry data to assess the percentages of cells in diploidy, tetraploidy, or aneuploidy. When compared, the mean values for the flow cytometric data for the three grades showed significant differences. Criteria were established for the three classes of tumors: for benign tumors, less than 11 per cent tetraploidy and no aneuploidy; for low-grade sarcomas, more than 11 per cent and less than 17 per cent tetraploidy, and no aneuploidy; and for high-grade tumors, either more than 17 per cent tetraploidy or aneuploidy. Tests for compliance for all groups of tumors (excluding the forty-six giant-cell tumors)--benign, low grade, or high grade--were significant for most of the benign lesions (with the exception of chondroblastoma and fibrous dysplasia) and for the high-grade sarcomas (with the exception of round-cell tumors). The low-grade sarcomas did far less well, based principally on the failure of the low-grade chondrosarcomas, chordomas, and adamantinomas to comply with the criteria. An attempt to assess the value of the system as a predictor of metastases showed that a low percentage of diploid cells (less than 75 per cent) and the presence of an aneuploid peak correlated statistically with the development of metastatic disease, but the usefulness of this observation could not be fully assessed because of multiple variables, associated principally with treatment.
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PMID:Grading of bone tumors by analysis of nuclear DNA content using flow cytometry. 257 83

A series of clinical and pathological studies were performed on 74 cartilaginous bone tumors including osteochondromas, multiple cartilaginous exostoses, chondromas, chondromatoses, benign chondroblastomas and chondrosarcomas. Resection was adequate for the osteochondromas, and no recurrence was observed. Out of 14 multiple cartilaginous exostoses, three, all in flat bones showed malignant change. The predominant sites of chondroma were the finger and toe bones, and curettage and bone graft was adequate treatment. Neither recurrence nor malignant change was observed. Two cases of chondromatosis, one of Ollier's disease and one of Maffucci's syndrome, were included in our series. Leg length discrepancy and pathologic fracture were common problems in chondromatosis. Moreover, malignant change was suspected in a hemangioma of the Maffucci's syndrome patient. Benign chondroblastoma was treated by curettage and bone graft, with no recurrence. In our series, 4 primary and 3 secondary chondrosarcomas were observed. Metastasis was seen in only one case. Because of the discrepancy between the biological behavior and histological findings of cartilaginous bone tumors, the malignancy of tumors should be evaluated by clinical signs and symptoms as well as by histological findings.
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PMID:Follow-up study of cartilaginous bone tumors. 352 17

This case report of a metastasizing chondroblastoma with a review of the literature was undertaken to gain a better understanding of the biologic behavior of this exceedingly rare tumor and thus to facilitate its clinical management. The lung was by far the most frequent metastatic site. Thus, all 7 patients with a proven metastatic chondroblastoma recorded up to now including the present case had developed multiple pulmonary metastases. The interval between the initial diagnosis of the primary and manifestation of lung metastases proved to be long, with a mean of 8.4 years. The average survival time was at least 12.3 years. The mean interval between diagnosis of metastatic disease and death amounted to at least 6.3 years. The histomorphologic features of metastatic chondroblastoma, its local recurrences and of the metastatic lesions differed in no way from conventional chondroblastomas. Because of the lack of cellular criteria of malignancy it is impossible to predict the potential biologic behavior of chondroblastomas, in particular with respect to their ability to metastasize. However, the presence of tumor emboli in the primary lesion is highly suggestive of a subsequent development of metastatic disease. The delayed induction of hematogenous metastases is best explained by a limited growth potential of the tumor cells. In case of a large primary tumor--especially in flat bones--with soft tissue invasion or in the presence of tumor emboli an aggressive surgical approach is suggested. When lung metastases have developed their surgical removal is recommended to hopefully prolong live expectancy or even to obtain a curative effect.
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PMID:Histology and biology of metastatic chondroblastoma. Report of a case with a review of the literature. 358

A boy with metastatic and fatal chondroblastoma is presented. Unlike previously published examples of metastatic chondroblastoma, these metastases developed before any operative manipulation of the primary tumor. The histologic characteristics of the primary, metastatic, and locally recurrent tumors were those of a conventional chondroblastoma. A review of published cases of atypical, aggressive, and malignant chondroblastoma is presented with current follow-up information. Although some metastatic chondroblastomas may result from operative manipulation of the primary tumor and are clinically benign, other histologically benign chondroblastomas exist that are capable of pursuing a malignant course. The authors designate these as malignant chondroblastomas. No histologic criteria exist for the separation of these tumors.
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PMID:Metastatic chondroblastoma. Report of a fatal case with a review of the literature on atypical, aggressive, and malignant chondroblastoma. 397 65

The authors report three observations of rather extensive aggressive chondroblastoma and draw attention to difficulties of histological diagnosis, which result out of a less typical histological picture, in which signs of differentiation into cartilaginous tissue may be missing. Differential diagnosis may be facilitated by proper recognition of the cytologic character of chondroblasts by the positivity of S-100 protein, and by proving characteristic properties of chondroblasts in electronmicroscopic examination. In treating this type of tumors an increased risk of local recurrence (in one of our patients) and aggressive behaviour to surrounding tissues should be considered, exceptionally pulmonary metastases may develop, as was the case in one of our presented patients.
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PMID:[Aggressive chondroblastoma]. 828 97


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