Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-three tumors were investigated by means of immunofluorescence with the use of antibodies against the following different classes of intermediate-sized (10 nm) filament proteins: 1) cytokeratins, 2) vimentin, and 3) desmin. In general, the immunologic features of tumor-cell intermediate filaments are those present in their tissue of origin. It can be seen, therefore, that, during neoplastic transformation, there are no major changes in the synthesis of the type of intermediate filament proteins when compared to normal tissues. Immunologic identification of these proteins furnishes the surgical pathologist with a quick and clear-cut way to differentiate tumors of mesenchymal origin from epithelial neoplasms, and in particular to distinguish between malignant lymphomas and lymph node metastases of undifferentiated carcinomas.
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PMID:Immunochemical identification of intermediate-sized filaments in human neoplastic cells. A diagnostic aid for the surgical pathologist. 617 Feb 30

During the past few years several laboratories investigated the occurrence of cytoskeletal components in epithelial and mesenchymal cells by electron microscopy and/or immunocytochemical methods in a number of tumor types growing in vitro or in the body. Since it is well established that antibodies to different intermediate-sized filament proteins can distinguish cells and tissues of epithelial, mesenchymal, muscle, astrocytic and neural origin special attention has been paid to the behaviour of these filaments in neoplastic cells recently. While the organisation of the cytoskeleton in tumor cells growing in vitro is very variable, regularities relevant for the diagnosis and the determination of the histogenetic origin of tumors have been observed in tumor cells growing in the body. In general, ultrastructural and immunological features of intermediate filaments are maintained during neoplastic transformation in the body. Thus immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to cytoskeletal proteins is a powerful tool for the classification and differential diagnosis of tumors, especially for the distinction between epithelial and mesenchymal tumors, including metastases. The concept that presence of an excess of contractile proteins such as actin is an important prerequisite for the metastatic spread of malignant cells has not been unequivocally supported by more recent results. However, an accumulation of various types of intermediate filaments (e.g. prekeratin, vimentin, acidic glial fibrillar protein) has been shown in different tumor types. The further elucidation of this alteration could contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of neoplastic cell transformation.
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PMID:The cytoskeleton in tumor cells. 630 65

We present a series of four women with endocervical adenocarcinoma who were found to harbor synchronous mucinous neoplasms of the ovary. In each case, "in situ" components were found in each site, lending weight to the belief that the lesions represented separate primary lesions rather than metastatic disease. Atypical epithelial lesions in the fallopian tubes (two cases) and endometrium (one case) give further support for the lesions being expressions of "multifocal" neoplastic transformation in embryologically related epithelia.
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PMID:Coexistent endocervical adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma of ovary: a clinicopathologic study of four cases. 630 85

Two constituents of basement membrane, type IV collagen and laminin, were studied by immunoperoxidase methods in a group of breast lesions, exhibiting a range of neoplastic transformation. In normal breast, fibroadenoma, sclerosing adenosis, intraductal hyperplasia, and intraductal carcinoma there was intact basement membrane surrounding the ducts and lobules, as evidenced by an extracellular linear staining pattern with antibodies to type IV collagen and laminin. In intraductal carcinoma with microinvasion, there was fragmentation and absence of the basement membrane at the areas of microinvasion. Infiltrating carcinoma and metastatic breast carcinoma were usually devoid of surrounding extracellular basement membrane containing type IV collagen and laminin. However, a few well-differentiated carcinomas showed scattered extracellular deposits of this matrix material. Individual metastatic carcinoma cells, such as those in lymph nodes, contained intense cytoplasmic immunoreactivity with these antibodies. These results support the concept of basement membrane degradation associated with invasion. Furthermore, at least some metastatic tumor cells retain the ability to synthesize laminin and type IV collagen, but do not exhibit an extracellular basement membrane. This may mean that the metastatic cells are degrading and/or failing to deposit the extracellular matrix.
Invasion Metastasis 1981
PMID:Stages of neoplastic transformation of human breast tissue as monitored by dissolution of basement membrane components. An immunoperoxidase study. 632 85

The relationship between the expression of a transformation-related cellular-encoded phosphoprotein, p53, and the potential to form distant metastases was investigated in Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed murine large cell lymphoma sublines of differing metastatic behaviors. Low metastasis RAW117-P and high metastasis RAW117-H10 cells were labeled with 35S-methionine, and several anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies were used to immunoprecipitate p53 from the cell lysates. Using these procedures, similar amounts of p53 were detected in the RAW117-P and -H10 cells. In addition, the expression of 2.0 Kb mRNA containing p53-specific sequences was equivalent in RAW117-P and -H10 cells. The results indicate that p53 expression, although apparently required for neoplastic transformation, is not quantitatively related to metastatic behavior in RAW117 large cell lymphoma cells.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:The expression of transformation-related protein p53 and p53-containing mRNA in murine RAW117 large cell lymphoma cells of differing metastatic potential. 639 97

Review of the world biomedical literature noted only scant attention to the rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma which can develop in traumatic lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma developed 10 months after a patient was treated for multiple injuries including bilateral ankle and foot trauma. After surgery, attention to the clinical signs of neoplastic transformation is important, even when treating lesions of less than 1 year's duration. When clinical signs and symptoms indicate possible squamous cell carcinoma, a biopsy must be done. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, definitive surgery is mandatory because recurrence and metastatic disease have a low 5-year survival rate.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma: an unusual early complication of postoperative osteomyelitis. 790 46

The simultaneous occurrence of two distinct neoplasms derived from different cells of origin is a recognized, albeit rare, entity. In the thyroid, such lesions could consist of medullary carcinoma composed of parafollicular C cells and well-differentiated carcinoma showing follicular epithelial cell differentiation. We report a patient whose thyroid contained calcitonin-immunoreactive medullary carcinoma and thyroglobulin-positive papillary carcinoma, clearly separated from each other. The tumors metastasized to regional lymph nodes, where they formed foci of composite medullary and papillary carcinoma, with each component maintaining a distinct immunophenotypic profile. The composite metastases are best regarded as collision tumors, as each primary neoplasm exhibited only one line of differentiation. Given the high incidence of papillary carcinoma, the occurrence of the two tumors may be a coincidence. Alternatively, a common tumorigenic stimulus triggering neoplastic transformation of both parafollicular C cells and follicular epithelial cells is a plausible explanation for such a phenomenon.
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PMID:Concurrent medullary and papillary carcinomas of thyroid with lymph node metastases. A collision phenomenon. 855 15

A human myeloid leukemia cell line, KBM-7, was developed from a patient in the blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We characterized its morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and proliferative capacity. Developed in the absence of exogenous lymphokines, KBM-7 in vitro cloning capacity actually decreased when colony-stimulating factors were added. The cells had an aberrant immature myeloid phenotype, a doubling time of 22 h in suspension cultures and a high cloning efficiency in semisolid system (24 +/- 3)%. Early passages contained one near-haploid (predominant) and one hyperdiploid stem line. Gradually the hyperdiploid stem line became predominant, reaching an average of 49 chromosomes per cell. Cells from passage 89 had two Philadelphia chromosomes [t(9;22)(q34;q11)] and lacked normal copies of chromosomes 9 and 22. Detailed molecular characterization of the breakpoint in the t(9;22)(q34;q11) revealed that KBM-7 had the BCR 2/ABL II splice junction. The cells had high protein kinase (p210BCR-ABL) activity and carried two identified variants of an ABL-BCR message. There was no evidence that normal BCR or c-ABL messages were expressed, assessed with the reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. When KBM-7 cells were heterotransplanted into nude mice without immunosuppressive pretreatment, one of three mice injected with 1 x 10(7) cells and all mice injected with 1 x 10(8) cells developed slowly growing granulocytic sarcomas within 6-8 weeks. These tumors were locally invasive but did not metastasize. We conclude that the KBM-7 cell line will be of value for investigating molecular events underlying neoplastic transformation in CML, in particular for studying the effects of BCR-ABL and ABL-BCR on the proliferation of CML cells in the absence of normal BCR and c-ABL messages.
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PMID:KBM-7, a human myeloid leukemia cell line with double Philadelphia chromosomes lacking normal c-ABL and BCR transcripts. 860 23

Genetic instability is thought to be responsible for the numerous genotypic changes that occur during neoplastic transformation and metastatic progression. To explore the role of genetic instability at the level of point mutations during mammary tumor development and malignant progression, we combined transgenic mouse models of mutagenesis detection and oncogenesis. Bitransgenic mice were generated that carried both a bacteriophage lambda transgene to assay mutagenesis and a polyomavirus middle T oncogene, mammary gland-targeted expression of which led to metastatic mammary adenocarcinomas. We developed a novel assay for the detection of mutations in the lambda transgene that selects for phage containing forward mutations only in the lambda cII gene, using an hfl- bacterial host. In addition to the relative ease of direct selection, the sensitivity of this assay for both spontaneous and chemically induced mutations was comparable to the widely used mutational target gene, lambda lacI, making the cII assay an attractive alternative for mutant phage recovery for any lambda-based mouse mutagenesis assay system. The frequencies of lambda cII- mutants were not significantly different in normal mammary epithelium, primary mammary adenocarcinomas, and pulmonary metastases. The cII mutational spectra in these tissues consisted mostly of G/C-->A/T transitions, a large fraction of which occurred at CpG dinucleotides. These data suggest that, in this middle T oncogene model of mammary tumor progression, a significant increase in mutagenesis is not required for tumor development or for metastatic progression.
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PMID:Analysis of genetic instability during mammary tumor progression using a novel selection-based assay for in vivo mutations in a bacteriophage lambda transgene target. 879 56

A multifocal lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and a low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-type) were found simultaneously in the stomach of a 65-year-old patient. Carcinoma and lymphoma were intimately associated forming complexes resembling lymphoepithelial lesions at the primary gastric site and in lymph node metastases. The two tumours had developed on a background of severe chronic-atrophic gastritis of the mucosa of antrum and fundus. Autoantibodies to normal gastric glandular tissue could be demonstrated in the patient's sera. Using non-radioactive in situ hybridization (ISH), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) sequences were detected in virtually all carcinoma cells but neither in the non-neoplastic mucosa nor in the lymphoma. These findings suggest that a focal EBV infection occurred early in the development of the carcinoma followed by a subsequent clonal expansion of the EBV-containing tumour cells. A neoplastic transformation in MALT-type lymphoma is not EBV-related but might be triggered by altered immune mechanisms.
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PMID:Occurrence of multiple lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas and MALT-type lymphoma in the stomach: detection of EBV in carcinomas but not in lymphoma. 881 94


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