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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Merkel cell is a distinctive nondendritic, nonkeratinocytic, epithelial clear cell believed to migrate from the neural crest to the epidermis and dermis, which is usually located in or near the basal layer of the epidermis and associated with nerve terminations. Merkel first described these cells in 1875 as "Tastzellen" occurring in the snout of a mole. They are believed to function as slowly adapting mechanoreceptors that mediate the sense of touch. Tumors arising from Merkel cells have been reported to occur on the head and neck area, the trunk, arms, and legs, and resemble a primary cutaneous lymphoma or cutaneous metastasis of a lymphoma or a carcinoma. Electron microscopy, to locate the characteristic membrane-bound, dense core neurosecretory granules, is needed for accurate diagnosis. These tumors must be treated aggressively to minimize the chance of local recurrence and nodal or visceral metastases. The authors present a case of Merkel cell tumor occurring on the eyelid. The clinical history, light and electron microscopic findings are shown.
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PMID:A Merkel cell tumor of the eyelid. 667 39

We treated a patient who had clinical and pathological findings of a primary cutaneous tumor of the eyelid with histological and ultrastructural features of a Merkel cell carcinoma. This neoplasm is composed of cells that are thought to be derived from the neural crest and are found normally in the skin. While it may be a low-grade malignant neoplasm, this tumor can grow rapidly and metastasize. Histologically, it can mimic a metastatic undifferentiated small-cell carcinoma from the lung or other primary sites. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case involving an eyelid.
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PMID:Merkel cell tumor of the eyelid. A clinicopathologic case report. 687 Jun 32

We studied the clinical aspects of 30 cases of trabecular carcinoma of the skin. Twenty-three patients were followed up for more than one year. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin is often misdiagnosed as a metastatic malignant tumor. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 68 years; most tumors occurred during the seventh and eighth decades of life. Most initial lesions were located in the head, neck, and upper extremities. Lymph node metastases developed in 13 patients, three of whom eventually died of the disease. Local recurrence developed in ten patients, four of whom died of metastatic trabecular carcinoma. The overall mortality was five of the 30 patients. Three of the patients in whom generalized metastases developed also suffered from some other severe systemic disorder. Nearly half of the 23 patients are free of disease. Sweat gland differentiation was observed in two cases, which indicates that the cell of origin is a multipotential unit capable of both neuroendocrine and sudoriferous differentiation.
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PMID:Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: further clinicopathologic and morphologic study. 689 31

Merkel cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 10 patients (eight females and two males) with a mean age of 66 years and a range of 44-84. The most common sites of the primary tumor were the skin of the limbs, girdles, and head. Sixty percent of the cases had recurrences and 50% regional nodal metastases that appeared within 1 year. Of the patients treated variably with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy and followed for a mean period of 28 months, two were alive and free of disease, two were alive with disease after 3 and 6 years, and two have died of metastatic disease to the lungs and liver. The primary lesions showed quite distinctive clinical and gross features in terms of size, shape, and color. Histologically, the growth was usually diffuse and occasionally trabecular or pseudoglandular; infiltration was predominantly in the papillary and reticular dermis. The uniform, poorly cohesive cells contained argyrophilic granules in the cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei with frequently indented membranes. The mitotic index was high. Ultrastructurally, in two cases, two cell types were identified that probably represented the neoplastic counterpart of normal Merkel cells in different stages of maturation. Both cell types contained cytoplasmic neurosecretory granules and intermediate filaments, even though their cytoplasms were differently shaped.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin. 710 2

A complete response with combination chemotherapy was obtained in a patient with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. This complete response lasted 15 months. This case report demonstrates the chemosensitivity of this metastatic disease when treated with combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:VP-16, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and bleomycin in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. Report of a case with long-term remission. 768 Aug 40

The Authors report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma of the cervicofacial district, particular due to its clinical and evolutive characteristics. The Merkel cell carcinoma was first identified by Toker in 1972 and is also known as a primary neuroendocrine the or trabecular carcinoma of the skin. The Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive skin cancer most frequently localized in the cervicofacial district. Although in earlier reports on the clinical history of these tumors primary emphasis was placed on their local aggressive behaviour, it has recently become evident that these neoplasms have a marked propensity for early dissemination. Distant metastases are often responsible for disease-related mortality. Merkel cell carcinoma have classically been managed with surgery alone or surgery followed by radiation therapy. Treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma with radiation therapy alone has usually been reserved for advanced unresectable tumors.
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PMID:[Cervicofacial neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma: radiotherapy]. 774 Sep 65

Merkel cell carcinoma of the genitalia is very rare and to date has been found only in vulvar mucosa. We describe an aggressive Merkel cell tumor in the frenulum of the penis with lymph node metastases, local recurrence, and eventually widespread dissemination. The primary tumor was associated with discontiguous squamous cell carcinoma in situ. This is the first report of Merkel cell (neuroendocrine) carcinoma in this anatomic site.
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PMID:Penile Merkel cell carcinoma. 777 Oct 12

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare cutaneous tumour that typically arises in the head and neck area of elderly patients. The tumour often follows an aggressive course with frequent local recurrences and (regional) metastases, especially when localized above the clavicles. Five patients with a Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck, treated in our institute since 1984, are presented, illustrating the need for radical initial treatment consisting of surgery and radiotherapy, and showing how rapidly progressive the disease can be. Four of the five patients were cured of disease by a combination of surgery and radiotherapy.
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PMID:Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 792 44

A case of Merkel cell tumour that developed on the left upper lid of a 76-year-old white man is reported. The diagnosis was ultrastructurally made by demonstrating characteristic light microscopic features of Merkel cell carcinoma; such as large, round nuclei and frequent mitoses. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were shown to possess simple epithelia-type keratin intermediate filaments. Merkel cell tumour probably develops from precursor cells which give rise to keratinocytes and Merkel cells, and nearly one out of 10 Merkel cell tumours occur in the eyelid and periocular region. They tend to be bulging lesions near the lid margin of elderly patients. The condition can be misdiagnosed as lymphoma, oat cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, sweat gland tumours, neuroblastoma and Ewing's sarcoma, and frequently invades lymphatic vessels. Nearly one out of three Merkel cell tumours recur and two thirds cause regional lymph node metastases. Wide surgical resection and reconstructive procedures, should be followed by routine postoperative irradiation. This patient was treated with wide resection and the Cutler-Beard technique, then scheduled for radiotherapy.
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PMID:Merkel cell tumour of the eyelid and reconstruction with the Cutler-Beard technique: a clinicopathologic case report. 792 66

We report a rare case of Merkel cell carcinoma arising from the scrotal skin of an 84-year-old man. The tumor was treated by wide, local excision and radiation. The man died due to extensive metastatic disease 16 months after his surgery. The natural history, histology, and pathogenesis of Merkel cell carcinoma are discussed briefly.
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PMID:Merkel cell carcinoma of the scrotum. 794 5


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