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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of basosquamous cell carcinoma of the skin with lymph node, lung and bone metastases are reported. Metastases occurred 4 and 7 years after identification of the primary tumour. Both the primary and metastatic lesions had areas of typical basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and also intermediate carcinomatous tissue. In the bone metastasis of one case there were rudimentary hair follicles and areas of matrical differentiation. These cases further support the existence of basosquamous cell carcinoma and emphasize its metastatic potential.
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PMID:Basosquamous cell carcinoma of the skin with metastases. 337 96

Basosquamous carcinoma of the skin is a relatively rare cutaneous neoplasm that has been shown to have significant metastatic potential. Histopathologists debate whether these lesions arise de novo or differentiate from pre-existing basal cell carcinomas. We present a case in which a longstanding lesion initially diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma was later found to have basosquamous histology and regional metastases. Review of the literature reveals a metastatic rate greater than that of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, and identifies several important characteristics that impact prognosis after surgical resection. For physicians treating carcinomas of the skin, it is important to understand the natural history and proper treatment of this aggressive neoplasm.
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PMID:Basosquamous carcinoma-an under-recognized, high-risk cutaneous neoplasm: case study and review of the literature. 1675 61

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare type of malignancy with features of both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a potential for aggressive behaviour infiltration and destruction. First reported by MacCormac in 1910 in a series of rodent ulcers, this entity does have an increased risk of recurrence and metastases as well, which distinguish it from other forms of basal cell carcinoma. The overall incidence of basosquamous carcinoma ranges from 1.2% to 2.7%. An unusual case of basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is presented where 18- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET) scan diagnosed unsuspected extensive metastatic disease in the bone marrow, which was further proven histopathologically. The patient was a 32 years old man with history of recently diagnosed basosquamous carcinoma of left cheek involving left lower eyelid and left eyeball. Contrast enhanced computed tomography(ceCT) of the head and neck demonstrated involvement of the left cheek skin by the malignancy along with erosion of zygomatic bone and phthisis bulbi of the left eye. The serum alkaline phosphatase was elevated (255units, normal range 50-150units). The patient was referred for (18)F-FDG PET, for disease status evaluation. The scan showed intense tracer uptake in the left zygomatic region, the site of known primary disease. Intense tracer uptake was noted in the multiple lesions of bone marrow of axial as well as appendicular skeleton. The scan appearance was highly suggestive of metastatic bone marrow involvement. A bone marrow biopsy was performed to confirm the scan findings. Guided by the (18)F-FDG PET scan findings, bone marrow biopsy was performed and metastatic basosquamous carcinoma was diagnosed. We believe this is the first reported case of basosquamous carcinoma where extensive metastatic bone marrow disease was diagnosed with the aid of (18)F-FDG PET. At first diagnosis, an advanced stage of BSC is often present. Due to its metastatic potential, extensive primary surgical resection of BSC, possibly completed by radiation or photodynamic adjuvant treatment is recommended. Given the aggressive nature of basosquamous carcinoma, whole body (18)F-FDG PET is very useful in diagnosing metastatic BSC. In conclusion, this is the first reported case of the use of (18)F-FDG PET study for diagnosing metastatic bone marrow disease in a patient with basosquamous carcinoma.
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PMID:Detection by (18)F-FDG PET of unsuspected extensive bone marrow metastases in a case of basosquamous carcinoma of the cheek. 2208 55

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare aggressive epithelial neoplasm with features of both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with a tendency toward local recurrence and a propensity for lymph node and distant metastases. The aim of the present study was to report the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian male with BSC in the auricular region.
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PMID:Basosquamous carcinoma: histopathological features. 2311 59

Basosquamous carcinoma is a rare cutaneous tumour that is considered an aggressive type of basal cell carcinoma with an increased risk of recurrence and metastases. This impression has been perpetuated in the literature, despite limited scientific data and conflicting results of some authors. This present study was aimed to evaluate the clinical-pathological features of this tumour and follow-up of a series of basosquamous carcinoma. Basosquamous carcinoma patients who underwent surgical excision between January 2000 and February 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Their medical files were reviewed and the corresponding routinely stained sections (with hematoxylin-eosin) were re-evaluated by two pathologists. Thirty-five patients with basosquamous carcinoma were operated on in this period. Most tumurs were located in the head and neck area (94%), and the mean age of the patients was 69.8 years. Margin involvements were seen in 11 patients (31.4%) and all of them underwent re-excision. There was only one local recurrence. There was neither regional lymph node nor distant metastasis in this series. The recurrence rate of basosquamous carcinoma is found as 4%, lower than that of most other similar studies. Further pathologic studies are needed to better classify basosquamous carcinoma and to increase consistency between the results of studies. Surgical excision and regular follow-up are considered as the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Basosquamous carcinoma: is it an aggressive tumor? 2513 15

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC), as described in 1910, is a distinctive variety of skin cancer and its etiology and pathological characteristics have generated much controversy over the years. Currently, BSC is considered a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) subtype with aggressive behavior and greater tendency for recurrence and metastases. We present a clinical case recently reported in our unit.
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PMID:Facial extensive ulcer. 2700 86

Basosquamous carcinoma is a rare cutaneous tumor considered by some authors as an aggressive type of basal cell carcinoma having a propensity for local recurrence and a potential risk for regional and distant metastatic spread. Herein we present 2 cases of basosquamous carcinoma of head and neck region, with metastatic spread to parotid gland (case 1) and to cervical nodes (case 2). Both patients had recurrence 2 years after initial treatment of the primary lesion (first patient: surgery; second patient: radiotherapy) and at the same time developed regional metastases. We conclude that basosquamous carcinoma must be considered as an aggressive variant of basal cell carcinoma having a great propensity to metastasize even at an early tumor stage. The clinical features, the morphologic aspects, and the treatment of this rare entity are discussed in this article.
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PMID:Metastatic Basosquamous Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases and Clinicopathological Considerations. 2723 85

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is an uncommon skin malignancy with significant invasive and metastatic potential. There are currently no clear management guidelines. This study evaluates the management and outcomes of patients diagnosed with BSC over a 7-year period. We present an evidence-based unit protocol for the management of BSC. All patients treated for BSC between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. Data collected included patient demographics, tumour-specific information, management strategy, presence of recurrence or metastasis, and details of follow-up. 74 patients were identified, making this one of the largest cohorts of BSC patients reported. Mean age at diagnosis was 75.4 years, with a male:female ratio of 1.6:1. The most common tumour site was the head and neck (n=43, 58.1%). All tumours were graded at pT1 (n=51) or pT2 (n=23). Inadequate excision occurred in 17 patients (23%). Mean excision margins were >4mm peripherally and deep. Inadequately excised BSCs were further treated with wide local excision (n=6) or radiotherapy (n=5), or both (n=1). There were no cases of local recurrence or metastatic disease. This study demonstrates a cohort of patients with BSCs that appear less aggressive than previously reported. Current management with surgical excision appears to produce adequate results. However, an evidence-based guideline is still lacking.
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PMID:Basosquamous Carcinoma: A Single Centre Clinicopathological Evaluation and Proposal of an Evidence-Based Protocol. 2997 92

Metatypical basal cell carcinoma (MTBCC) is a rare form of tumor, which associates the clinical and histopathological (HP) characteristics of both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with a 5% chance for the development of metastases. The reference diagnosis remains the HP confirmation from the lesional tissue. The current report illustrates the case of a 74-year-old patient, diagnosed with MTBCC consequently to the biopsy from the clinically malignant lesion with HP and immunohistochemical examination, currently in clinical remission following surgical treatment. The musculoskeletal symptoms represent the patient's admission reason to the Clinic of Rheumatology, where he was diagnosed with paraneoplastic type I complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-I). The onset was six weeks prior with intense pain in the upper limb, burning sensation and nondermatomal distribution, exacerbated by lowering the position of the upper limb. The clinical evaluation revealed vasomotor disorders: color changes on the skin of the upper limb, venous turgescence on the back of the hands, and local increased temperature. Also, there were evident sudomotor modifications with hyperspiration and fluffy edema. The presence of clinical manifestations associated with the HP confirmation of MTBCC and the information provided by the imaging tests regarding the evaluation of tumor extension advocates for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic CRPS, consequently to both the primary tumor and the pulmonary metastasis. Diagnosis of CRPS-I is generally established on the basis of clinical criteria after excluding other conditions that may explain the degree of pain and the existing dysfunction. The therapist should be aware of the clinical manifestation of CRPS, as early recognition and aggressive treatment often leads to the best response.
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PMID:Complex regional pain syndrome as a paraneoplastic disorder associated with metatypical basal cell carcinoma. 3165 45