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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although basal cell carcinomas are the commonest malignant condition of the skin (Borel 1973) pulmonary metastases are rare; it appears that only 30 authenticated cases have been reported (Sakula 1977). A further case is described of a man aged 64 who presented severe dyspnoea and who for 12 years had harbored an untreated ulcerating lesion of the abdominal wall shown histologically to be a basal cell carcinoma. Chest radiography showed metastatic disease confirmed histologically to be identical to the ulcerating skin lesion. Unfortunately, because of the severe respiratory condition, no definitive treatment was indicated and the patient died of respiratory failure 2 weeks following discharge.
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PMID:Pulmonary metastases from a basal cell carcinoma. 645 28

Both basal cell carcinomas that arise in blacks and those that metastasize are rare, and development of this tumor is an uncommon, late complication of trauma. We report a case of a 70-year-old black man with a basal cell carcinoma arising in a gunshot wound in a shoulder and metastasizing to axillary lymph nodes. Histologically, the tumor was of the metatypical type.
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PMID:Metastasizing basal cell carcinoma developing in a gunshot wound in a black man. 648 64

Basal cell carcinomas are usually slow growing, locally aggressive tumors that rarely metastasize. If these tumors are not treated or are inadequately treated they occasionally metastasize to regional lymph nodes or distant sites. It is important to treat basal cell carcinomas promptly and adequately and to have attentive follow-up, since large, deeply invasive tumors are the ones most likely to metastasize. In the case presented, a large basal cell carcinoma of the scalp invaded through the skull and into the sagittal sinus and posterior right occipital lobe of the brain. Several pulmonary metastases were present.
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PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: review and report of a case. 665 Nov 73

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant cutaneous neoplasm found in man. Rarely, however, is it life-threatening or does it metastasize. A review of the literature revealed 138 cases of metastatic basal cell carcinoma. We describe 3 additional patients with metastatic basal cell carcinoma who were treated at the Mayo Clinic during the past ten years. Patients with metatypical carcinoma (basosquamous) were excluded. All metastatic lesions were to regional lymph nodes, and two patients died of their disease. It is important to recognize this rare but lethal condition.
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PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: review of the literature and report of three cases. 666 70

Basal cell carcinoma normally causes major morbidity only by direct extension of the tumor into adjacent tissues. Occasionally the tumor will metastasize to distant sites such as the lungs, the bones, regional lymph nodes, and the abdominal viscera. Over 100 cases of this disseminated disease are reported in the literature. Once a tumor has metastasized beyond the regional lymph nodes it is uniformly fatal. This article reports a case of basal cell carcinoma, metastatic to the lung, which was successfully treated with cisplatin. Three other cases treated similarly are reviewed, and the prospects for treatment of advanced basal cell carcinomas with chemotherapy are discussed.
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PMID:Responsiveness of metastatic basal-cell carcinoma to chemotherapy. A case report. 668 99

We report five cases of metastasizing basal cell carcinoma. The incidence of metastases in all patients with basal cell carcinomas who had surgery in the same period was 0.1%. There was no squamous differentiation in the histology of any of the primary lesions, but we found some squamous differentiation in a late recurrence in one patient and in the metastases in two patients. All other histologic features were identical in both the primary tumor and in the metastases. Perineural spread and blood vessel invasion were evident in the primary tumor and/or recurrence of three of the five patients and may be important pointers to possible recurrence and metastasis. Of 205 cases of metastasizing basal cell carcinomas mentioned in the literature, we accepted and evaluated 170 cases of tumors of the skin with histologic proof of metastasis. The male-to-female ratio was 2:1, median age at onset of primary tumor, 45 years, median interval between onset of tumor and first sign of metastasis, 9 years, median age at first sign of metastasis, 59 years, and median survival after first sign of metastasis, only 8 months. The site of the primary tumors is similar to that in nonmetastasizing basal cell carcinoma. Metastatic spread is most often to lymph nodes, lungs, and bones with lymphogenic and hematogenic spread equally frequent. Age or sex of the patient seemed to have no influence on survival or way of metastatic spread. As metastasis of basal cell carcinoma is extremely rare (1 in 1,000 to 35,000), many authors sought or postulated histologic "degeneration" into a squamous cell carcinoma, but no such unequivocal evidence has ever been found. Areas of squamous differentiation were reported in less than 15% of both primary and metastatic lesions of metastasizing basal cell carcinoma. The mode of metastatic spread and the characteristics of the histology make it rather unlikely that metastasis of a basal cell carcinoma is due to a change toward squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma. Report of five cases and review of 170 cases in the literature. 673 23

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm associated with poor survival. A 63-year-old woman had an extensive primary keratinizing basal cell carcinoma of the scalp, with metastases to the regional lymph nodes of the neck. Disease in the primary site and in the regional lymph nodes was controlled by surgery and irradiation. However, skeletal metastases that responded to therapy with three courses of cisplatin and bleomycin sulfate and then to ten courses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil developed. Subsequent progressive metastases failed to respond to a combined cisplatin and cyclophosphamide regimen as well as to etoposide and doxorubicin hydrochloride used as single agents.
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PMID:Chemotherapy for metastatic basal cell carcinoma. 684 64

We report a rare case of basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum presenting with distant metastases. Rationale and treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy and subsequent combination chemotherapy are detailed.
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PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum. 688 22

Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin is usually a tumor found in elderly individuals. Microscopically, the tumor is a small cell carcinoma that involves primarily the dermis. The dominant ultrastructural features are the presence of short cell processes containing small, dense-core, membrane-bound granules. The tumor is often locally aggressive, has the potential to metastasize to lymph nodes, and eventually causes death. The authors report a case of such a neoplasm that affected a 24-year-old man with congenital ectodermal dysplasia. It was associated with a concurrent basal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin in a young adult. 713 24

In the typical patient with a metastasizing basal cell carcinoma, the tumor is large, ulcerated, and has been neglected. Recurrences are common, and the tumor is usually refractory to all modalities of treatment. Our patient neglected to seek medical help for 10 years, at which time metastases were already present. Our case is unique because the metastases to the skeletal system produced a myelophthisic anemia.
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PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Metastasis to the skeletal system producing myelophthisic anemia. 714 73


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