Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for 65% to 75% of all malignant skin tumors. Metastic BCC is very rare--only 109 documented cases have been reported to date. The mean time of survival after metastasis has been reported to be ten months. No effective therapeutic modality is known for its treatment. We are reporting a case of metastatic BCC in which we have found deficiency of cell-mediated immunity. Postmortem studies showed a co-existing squamous cell carcinoma in thelungs, brain, liver, and spleen. The most unusual finding in the postmortem study was evidence of juxtaposition of BCC and epidermoid carcinoma with distinct histologic dimorphism. We speculate that a combination of immunodeficiency and stromal independence is needed for metastases in BCC.
 ...
PMID:Basal cell carcinoma with metastasis. Review of literature. 6 30

Many observations support the premise of a close relationship between immunologic competency and the growth of human cancer. Immunotherapy against cancer in animals has been established. Its function appears to be adjunctive to other treatment modalities that first lower tumor burden. These findings are demonstrated in both clinical and laboratory studies of cancer in humans. At the present time, intralesional injections of BCG vaccine in immunocompetent patients with intradermal metastases are most effective. Immunotherapy with topical administration of 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene is the treatment of choice in selected patients with squamous or basal cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Immunotherapy of malignancy in humans. Current status. 23 2

In 93 reported cases of metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 76 had spread through lymphatics or blood vessels. Two more cases are presented, bringing the total to 78. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes was the most frequent, followed in frequency by lungs, bones, and other organs. The size of the primary tumor, its site, its resistance to x-ray therapy, and the effects of radiation appeared to contribute to the occurrence of metastasis. However, in an appreciable number of cases, tumor dissemination was related to incomplete excision followed by immediate wound closure, particularly by grafting. It is recommended that wound grafting be delayed for at least six months after excision or large or recurrent BCC in order to assure complete removal.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: review, pathogenesis, and report of two cases. 33 91

Ninety-nine (21%) of 471 patients who survived with functioning grafts for at least six months following renal transplantation developed cancer. Of these 76 (77%) had skin malignancy, 29 (29%) had malignancy affecting other organs, and six had cancer of both skin and other organs. In patients with skin cancer squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was three times as frequent as basal cell carcinoma (BCC). SCC tended to be multiple, recurrent and aggressive. Seven (12%) patients with SCC developed metastases of whom five died. Cancers other than skin included reticulum cell sarcoma (9), acute leukaemia (2) and cancers involving the gastrointestinal (5), genitourinary (11) and respiratory (2) systems. Incidence of cancer in patients surviving beyond one, five and nine years after operation was 98/428 (23%), 70/179 (39%) and 20/45 (44%) respectively. In 31 patients who died more than five years after transplantation cancer was the major cause in eight (26%). For the types of cancers recorded estimates show allograft recipients to be at increased risk when compared with the age-matched Australian population by factors which varied from 300 times for reticulum cell sarcoma to 1.8 times for invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The full extent of the threat of cancer in immune suppressed transplant recipients remains to be determined.
 ...
PMID:Cancer following renal transplantation. 39 29

Delayed radiation necrosis of the brain was found around the right ear in a patient with basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Five months after excision, the tumor recurred. The patient received 5,575 rads in 24 doses during radiotherapy. Thirteen months later, the patient had cerebral radionecrosis, which was the cause of death. At autopsy, typical radionecrotic lesions of the temporal lobe were found. There were widespread metastases.
 ...
PMID:Delayed cerebral radionecrosis following treatment of basal cell carcinoma. 45 39

Considerable debate has taken place concerning cutaneous basosquamous carcinomas. Some authors believe they are merely a variant of basal cell carcinoma, based on the apparent rare occurrence of metastases. This comparative study of 33 cases of basosquamous, 1,796 cases of basal cell, and 736 cases of squamous carcinomas arising in the head and neck demonstrates that the basosquamous lesion has the potential to recur and to metastasize, which is similar to squamous cell lesions. An aggressive primary treatment program is recommended.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous basosquamous carcinoma of the head and neck: a comparative analysis. 50 2

Although rodent ulcers are a relatively common malignant condition of the skin, pulmonary metastases arising from them are extremely rare. There have so far been only 29 authenticated reports of this condition. A further case is described of a man who, at the age of 35, developed a rodent ulcer (typical basal-cell carcinoma) on the forehead. Despite local excisions, skin grafting, and radiotherapy, the ulcer continued to recur, although there was no spread to regional lymph nodes. When he was aged 52, he developed widespread bilateral pulmonary lesions and a right pleural effusion. Thoracotomy provided a lung biopsy which showed the typical histological appearance of basal-cell carcinoma. He died aged 54, 19 years after the onset of the rodent ulcer, and necropsy confirmed that the pulmonary lesions were bloodborne metastases of basal-cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary metastases from basal-cell carcinoma of skin. 59 48

Was aspiration a cause of lung metastases from basal cell carcinoma? We compared our case to prior reported cases with metastases to the lung attributable to aspiration and considered a prior experimental model. We are convinced we have another case of aspiration metastases from basal cell carcinoma, and hereby report "the 92nd known case."
 ...
PMID:Aspiration metastases from basal cell carcinoma: the 92nd known case. 64 75

A total of 95 cases of metastasizing basal cell carcinomas have been recorded in the literature with 20 of these metastatic to bone. Two additional cases of metastasizing basal cell carcinoma with osseous metastases are presented, with a review of the literature.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: a review of the literature and report of two cases. 67 75

Whereas basal cell carcinoma usually is a slow-growing tumor of the head and neck region, we have observed, over a 20-year period, three large, unique basal cell tumors of the back that were distinctive and presented clinical and histologic problems in diagnosis. They commonly formed exophytic, vegetative, flesh-colored to red, sessile plaques up to 20 cm in diameter. Ulceration was the principal feature of a fourth tumor, which destroyed the skin of the entire lumbar area and invaded the muscle. Regional-node metastases from this tumor showed basal cell carcinoma. Histologically, all the primary lesions were adenoid basal cell carcinomas with mucinous stroma. Histochemistry in two cases demonstrated minimal respiratory enzymes and no special esterolytic or lysosomal enzymes. Surgery was curative in three of these cases of rare, giant variant of basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
 ...
PMID:Giant basal cell carcinoma. 84 97


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>