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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for 65% to 75% of all malignant skin tumors. Metastic BCC is very rare--only 109 documented cases have been reported to date. The mean time of survival after metastasis has been reported to be ten months. No effective therapeutic modality is known for its treatment. We are reporting a case of metastatic BCC in which we have found deficiency of cell-mediated immunity. Postmortem studies showed a co-existing squamous cell carcinoma in thelungs, brain, liver, and spleen. The most unusual finding in the postmortem study was evidence of juxtaposition of BCC and epidermoid carcinoma with distinct histologic dimorphism. We speculate that a combination of immunodeficiency and stromal independence is needed for metastases in BCC.
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PMID:Basal cell carcinoma with metastasis. Review of literature. 6 30

Ninety-nine (21%) of 471 patients who survived with functioning grafts for at least six months following renal transplantation developed cancer. Of these 76 (77%) had skin malignancy, 29 (29%) had malignancy affecting other organs, and six had cancer of both skin and other organs. In patients with skin cancer squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was three times as frequent as basal cell carcinoma (BCC). SCC tended to be multiple, recurrent and aggressive. Seven (12%) patients with SCC developed metastases of whom five died. Cancers other than skin included reticulum cell sarcoma (9), acute leukaemia (2) and cancers involving the gastrointestinal (5), genitourinary (11) and respiratory (2) systems. Incidence of cancer in patients surviving beyond one, five and nine years after operation was 98/428 (23%), 70/179 (39%) and 20/45 (44%) respectively. In 31 patients who died more than five years after transplantation cancer was the major cause in eight (26%). For the types of cancers recorded estimates show allograft recipients to be at increased risk when compared with the age-matched Australian population by factors which varied from 300 times for reticulum cell sarcoma to 1.8 times for invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The full extent of the threat of cancer in immune suppressed transplant recipients remains to be determined.
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PMID:Cancer following renal transplantation. 39 29

The clinical laser complex including neodymium and CO2--lasers is described, and the methods of irradiation depending on the type of the laser and tumor are given. The results of the treatment in 559 patients with different malignant and benign skin tumors are analysed. The data of the follow-up (up to 7 years) indicated that 15 of 48 patients with primary melanomas developed metastases, and 12 of them died. Among 105 patients with skin cancers 4 persons had recurrences and were irradiated repeatedly. The main merits of the method compared with surgery and X-ray therapy (the absence of side effects, promptness of the treatment, sterility and precise localization of the effect, vascular thrombosis contributing to an ablastic operation) are discussed. The results obtained with neodymium and CO2--lasers are compared.
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PMID:[Treatment of skin tumors with a pulse laser]. 63 74

The results of 522 plastic procedures performed in patients with skin cancer are analysed. The following methods of skin plasty were employed: free skin graft plasty, local tissue plasty, the combined skin plasty. The best immediate results were obtained in using the pedicled graft plasty (4.4% of complications) and in free skin graft plasty (8.8% of complications). Without any signs of the recurrence and metastases 73% of patients are still alive for over 1 years, 49.4%--over 3 years, 31.8%--over 5 years, 23.9%--over 7 years and 7.28%--over 10 years.
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PMID:[Plastic surgery in skin cancer]. 79 72

Observations were made over a 4-year period on squamous cell carcinomas on the ear and other areas poorly covered by hair or wool, sheep pastured in the hot, dry environment of north-western Queensland. Overall incidence in the flock was higher than in flocks kept at greater latitudes. Increased incidence with advancing age was demonstrated, and ewes appeared to be more susceptible than wethers. Metastases were observed in 4 of 33 affected ewes (12%) submitted to detailed necropsy examination. Measurements of tumour growth in 4 ewes revealed an increase in size of about 3-5 mm per month. Ovine aural squamous cell carcinoma was considered to be a good model for studies on skin cancer in man.
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PMID:Observations on squamous cell carcinomas of sheep in Queensland, Australia. 83 56

An analysis of 246 operated patients with 260 carcinomas of the external ears from the periods 1949-57 and 1962-67 is presented. Carcinoma of the external ear occurs in Denmark with a frequency of 1.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants and constitutes approximately 6% of all skin cancers. In the present material 67% of the tumours were squamous-cell carcinomas and 30% were basal-cell carcinomas. These forms of tumours were most frequent in elderly men who have had outdoor employment. Half of these tumours were sited on the helix and lobe, while one quarter, respectively, were sited medially and laterally. 15% of the squamous-cell carcinomas recurred, 3% of the these with metastases of the regional lymph nodes. Of the basal-cell carcinomas 18% recurred but with no metastases of the regional lymph nodes. The frequency of recurrence did not depend on the site of the tumour on the ear, but it did increase with increasing tumour size. The 5-year survival rate without recurrence was 56% +/- 4% for the squamous-cell carcinomas, and for the basal-cell carcinomas 59% +/- 6.5%. It is concluded that surgical treatment is best suited for these tumours, and the minimum excision distance for basal-cell carcinomas of less than 3 cm in size should be 8 mm, while for squamous-cell carcinomas of the same size the distance should be 10 mm. For both forms of tumour where the greatest extent is more than 3 cm the excision distance should be at least 15 mm.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the external ear. 101 87

From 1948 through 1970, 108 causes of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder were recorded out of a total of 17 698 cases of cancer exclusive of skin cancer (incidence, 0.6%). This review indicated that the following are the chief features of this condition: Primary gallbladder carcinoma is mainly a disease of women older than 60 years; abdominal pain occurs in most patients and jaundice in more than half, and weight loss is also common; laboratory and radiographic features are nonspecific; the diagnosis is made or strongly suspected in only one-quarter and, moreover, in many patients the disease may not be discovered until pathologic examination is conducted postoperatively. Resection was possible in 41 of the 93 patients who underwent operation but treatment was conservative because it was palliative in 20, and in 20 of the other underwent cholecystectomy the disease was not recognized at operation. Overall, the 5-year survival rate was 6.4%; for those who underwent curative resection it was 33%; and for patients without visible metastases at operation the mean survival was 3 years. Improvement in survival will come from more frequent recognition of the cancer at operation so that an operation so that an operation more adequate than cholecystectomy may be performed; that is, cholecystectomy, wedge resection of liver and resection of regional lymph nodes.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder: study of 108 cases. 124 5

The epidemiology of gynecological and breast cancers are better known in France as a result of the mortality data provided by INSERM and the mortality data obtained from the French Tumor Register. Breast cancers are the most common form of cancer in women, accounting for about 30 p. cent of tumors (excluding skin cancers) followed by cancers of the uterine cervix, uterine body and the ovary. The change in incidence shows a definite reduction in the number of uterine cancers over the past 10 years, whereas the incidence of breast cancers is rising by 1 to 2 p. cent per year. Mortality due to breast cancer has risen steadily in France since 1950, particularly in higher age groups. At birth, the risk of developing a breast cancers is 7 p. cent, i.e. one woman in 14 will develop a breast cancer. The figures for cancers of the uterus and ovary are much lower. Survival curves for various types of cancer confirm the steady decline in survival for breast cancers, whereas for cancers of the cervix, uterine body and ovary, mortality rates stabilize after 5 years. The risk of a secondary cancer remains very high for breast tumors, and half the cases of a secondary tumor involve a contralateral breast tumor. In general, there is an increased risk of a secondary cancer after a primary gynecological tumor.
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PMID:[Descriptive epidemiology of gynecologic and breast cancers]. 148 74

The results of 216 malignant tumor patients treated by DCT are presented. Cancer patients unsuitable for surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy are indicated for DCT, especially those with superficially located tumors, eg. melanoma, cancer of the skin, thyroid, breast and mouth. The deep seated cancers, eg. cancer of the liver, adrenal gland, lung and uterine cervix can also be treated by DCT. However, very advanced lesions and patients with generalized metastases respond poorly to DCT. The over-all response rate of DCT was 77.7%.
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PMID:[Direct current therapy (DCT) for malignant tumors]. 157 16

The role of dermatologists in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer continues to increase. Consequently, they will more frequently be involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with metastatic or potentially metastatic tumors. Squamous cell carcinomas and malignant melanomas are frequently seen in dermatologic practices and have the capability to metastasize. Metastases are the result of a complex process that is characterized by a sequence of steps, each of which requires acquisition by the malignant cell of key biologic properties. The metastatic sequence can be conceptualized as detachment from the primary tumor followed by invasion, intravasation into a vessel, circulation, stasis within a vessel, extravasation, invasion of the recipient tissue bed, and ultimately proliferation. The basic steps of the metastatic sequence are described as well as how these steps and other tumor cell adaptations can affect the clinical patterns of metastasis. Finally, practical applications of the understanding of these principles of metastasis are discussed.
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PMID:Mechanisms of metastasis. 161 54


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