Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a surgical series of 54 carcinomas of the thyroid in children under 15 years of age (22 males, 32 females), differentiated carcinoma was disclosed in 50 cases. Of these, the pattern was purely papillary in 5, purely follicular in 3 and mixed, i.e. papillary and follicular, in 42 cases. There was an admixture of a solid component in 25 of the mixed cases. In one case the tumour was solid medullary carcinoma with amyloid and 3 cases appeared to be anaplastic carcinomas. In 21 cases the material available for microscopical examination was both that of the primary focus and of a metastasis. In only 2 of such cases the pattern was identical in the primary carcinoma showed a purely follicular pattern in the metastases. In the remaining 18 cases the primary carcinomas appeared as structurally uniform but showed an admixture of the other differentiated component or of a solid one in the metastases. The reverse also occurred in some cases. Therefore it appears to be impossible to assess the pattern of the primary growth from its metastasis. No essential difference was disclosed in the tendency of histologically different neoplasms to metastasize. During orientational histological examination of the removed glands intrathyroidal metastases were revealed in 66%. The discrimination between the two extreme and consequently even the mixed variety of differentiated carcinomas is of no practical significance in childhood because there is no obvious correlation between the histological pattern and formation of metastases, as well as between histology and induction of hormonal function. Age and sex seems to play a more significant role in the biological behaviour in children. The incidence of carcinoma is higher in females, whereas the biological behaviour seems to be worse in males.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the thyroid gland in childhood]. 7 25

A retrospective survey was made of 42 cases of carcinoma of the penis presenting over 14 years. Cases for attempted cure of the primary lesion were treated by either radiotherapy or surgery. It is recommended that radiotherapy should be the primary treatment as it is non-mutilative, allows secondary surgical salvage where necessary and has no greater occurrence of post-treatment lymph node metastases than surgery.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the penis: a review of 42 cases. 7 70

The records of 31 patients with carcinoma of the proximal bile ducts were reviewed and the operative procedures, results, causes of deaths and autopsy findings were analyzed and correlated. Ten poor risk patients were treated by external drainage and died of jaundice or abscesses of the liver within six months. However, one patient survived 13 months after effective bilateral drainage. Twelve patients underwent intubation through the tumor into the hepatic ducts with or without postoperative irradiation. Four patients with irradiation survived 42, 15, 15 and ten months, while eight patients without irradiation died within six months. Autopsy findings of two patients who survived 15 months revealed metastases to the various organs. Four patients underwent resection. A patient who underwent resection of the common hepatic duct and hepaticoduodenostomy died of ascending cholangitis nine months postoperatively, while a patient treated by resection of the common hepatic duct with hepaticojejunostomy died of a recurrence 25 months postoperatively. Two patients underwent left hepatic lobectomy and resection of the right hepatic duct followed by hepatojejunostomy. One patient survived 25 months and died of a reccurrence, while the other patient died of abscesses of the liver ten months postoperatively.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the proximal bile ducts. 7 64

42 patients with metastatic breast carcinoma were treated with aminoglutethimide, which inhibits adrenal steroid hormone synthesis. Treatment was stopped in 2 patients before response could be assessed; of the other 40, 15 (37.5%) had an objective response, 1 (2.5%) showed a response in bone but not in soft tissue, and 4 (10%) had complete or very great relief of metastatic bone pain but no radiological evidence of improvement. 19 (53%) of 36 patients with bone metastases responded to treatment (15 had X-ray evidence and 4 had pain relief), as did 5 (45%) of 11 patients with soft tissue metastases, 2 (25%) of 8 with malignant marrow infiltration, 1 (14%) of 7 with lung metastases, and none of 13 with liver metastases. Response was commonest in patients who had previously responded to other forms of endocrine therapy. Side-effects, usually mild and transient, occurred in a few patients; the most important were an initial period of somnolence in 9 patients and a rash in 5.
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PMID:Aminoglutethimide in treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma. 8 May 76

Pancreaticoduodenectomy, the Whipple operation, is a reasonable operation for carcinoma if used in the absence of distant metastases or regional spread to vital structures. It can be performed with an acceptable in-hospital mortality. It is primarily a palliative surgical procedure. Occasionally, a patient will survive more than five years. At times, the operation is fully justified or cannot be avoided for nonmalignant conditions.
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PMID:Pacreaticoduodenectomy. 8 31

Seven autopsy cases of intramedullary metastases, four in the cervical spinal cord, are reported and the literature reviewed. Whereas lung and breast cancer, malignant melanomas and lymphomas are reported as the most common primary tumors, the present series included three cases of breast carcinoma and two cases each of colon and oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Neither the clinical symptoms nor the neurological signs distinguished intramedullary metastases from the more common extradural deposits, but radiological evidence of vertebral metastases and myelographic stop were present in only one case each, and CSF cytology was negative. Intramedullary deposits in this series were neither associated with extradural tumor nor with spread into the subarachnoid space, while cerebral metastases were present in four cases. This favors hematogenous dissemination rather than direct transdural or perineural spread of these lesions.
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PMID:Intramedullary spinal cord metastases. 8 65

A report is given of 72 patients suffering from carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary ducts. Carcinoma of the gallbladder usually grow fast invading the surrounding tissue. Thus cholecystectomy can be performed only as a pallouative procedure in most cases, and partial resection of the liver does not yield better results in general. Carcinoma of the ductus hepaticus usually grows slowly and metastases are formed lately in the course; thus patients usually die due to occlusion of the ducts and jaundice rather than due to the malignancy as such. In these cases good drainage of the bile is essential, in an early stage this can be achieved by placing a tube across the tumor, in later stages an intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy is to be performed. The technique of this procedure and results obtained in 10 cases are reported.
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PMID:[Surgical palliative procedures in patients with carcinoma of the biliary tract (author's transl)]. 8 16

For the elimination of incurable pain in the faciocervical region caused by malignant tumours a transverse separation of the tract of the cerebral nerves V, IX, X and VII is carried out after minute stimulation at several levels under local anaesthesia. In addition, the sensitive cervical roots 1 to 3 are severed. The extent of the separation depends on the extent of the painful region and the effect of the individual separations. The method was successfully employed in 13 patients: 4 laryngeal carcinomas, 2 parotid carcinomas, 2 tongue carcinomas, 1 carcinoma of the pharynx, 1 of the maxilla, 1 of the lip, 1 of the tonsil and 1 of the Os occipitale, in most cases with submandibular metastases.
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PMID:[Cervical tractotomy V, IX, X and VII and accompanying rhizotomy in incurable pain due to malignant tumors of the facial-cervical reagion]. 8 50

Estracyt, a conjugate of an alkylating agent with an oestrogenic sterol, was given in a dose of 420 mg daily to a group of 44 postmenopausal patients with very advanced breast carcinoma. Thirty-eight of these were in relapse following chemotherapy and 32 had evidence of distant metastases. Seventeen patients had an objective response and marked or complete alleviation of symptoms, four others had a useful symptomatic response but no beneficial effect was observed in the remainder. Three who had shown no response to previous oestrogen therapy also failed to respond to Estracyt as did all nine patients with hepatic metastases. Oestrogen receptor status and age within the postmenopausal group seemed to have no bearing on the result. Side-effects were minimal with nausea in 18 patients but in only two did this necessitate withdrawal of the drug. Bone marrow depression did not occur. Changes in acute-phase reactant proteins suggested that part of the Estracyt was de-esterified in the liver liberating oestrone but the low incidence of vaginal haemorrhage and the recalcification of bony metastases suggested that on the whole Estracyt behaves as an anti-oestrogen as well as an antimitotic.
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PMID:Estracyt in advanced carcinoma of the breast: a phase II study. 8 4

Prostatic acid phosphatase from human seminal fluid was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme was characterized as to its purity, molecular weight and amino acid composition. Analytical isoelectric focusing of purified enzyme on polyacrylamide gels resolved the enzyme activity into eleven discrete bands, apparently due to various amounts of sialic acid associated with the glycoprotein. Antisera raised against the purified enzyme produced only one precipitan arc on immunoelectrophoresis. A double antibody radioimmune assay was developed and used to evaluate serum prostatic acid phosphatase in 226 patients without prostatic disease, in 186 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and in 93 patients with prostatic carcinoma. No statistical difference was noted in serum prostatic acid phosphatase between patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and in those without prostatic disease Serum prostatic acid phosphatase was elevated in 94% of the patients with metastatic prostatic carcinoma. Significant elevations were also found in carcinoma patients without metastases.
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PMID:A radioimmune assay for human prostatic acid phosphatase-levels in prostatic disease. 8 87


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