Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There were 22 patients with vertebral metastases and impending neurologic damage from prostatic, vesical and renal cell carcinoma treated by decompressive laminectomy combined with local radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The neurological recovery was complete in the prostatic carcinoma patients (10 of 10), partial in the vesical carcinoma patients (2 of 5) and unsatisfactory in the renal cell carcinoma patients (1 of 7).
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PMID:The value of palliative spinal surgery in metastatic urogenital tumors. 5 18

Of 145 women with metastatic breast carcinoma who survived palliative surgical castration, 40.7% had objective remission and another 11.0% had subjective improvement. Favorable response was more frequent in ovulating patients who had small masses of recurrent tumor in fewer locations, with skeletal spread especially well tolerated. Palliation appeared to be related to the site of metastatic disease and numbers (mass) of metastatic sites, but not to the age of the patient, tumor histology, or the disease-free interval. Survival was better for the patients who showed improvement after castration. Such improvement may predict continued relief from the use of other modalities of systemic treatment.
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PMID:Therapeutic oophorectomy in disseminated carcinoma of the breast. 6 95

A retrospective review of a series of cases of osseous metastases from carcinoma of the female breast treated either with single dose or ten fraction irradiation is reported. Equally reliable palliation was achieved by either method, unaffected by concomitant hormone therapy. The morbidity is assessed and the implications discussed. A prospective study is advocated.
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PMID:Single dose and fractionated palliative irradiation for osseous metastases. 6 30

Needle biopsies of normal, benign hyperplastic, neoplastic and metastatic prostatic tissues were used to study the uptake of 3H testosterone by these tissues and their ability to convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Histological quantification is important because stroma is active in both of these areas of biochemical activity. The 3H testosterone uptake by the tissues is relatively similar but benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal tissue consistently convert more testosterone to dihydrotestosterone than do neoplastic tissues. The least active in this regard are pure biopsies of neoplastic cells obtained from nodal metastases, suggesting extensive loss or repression of 5-alpha-reductase activity. Further, this defect is present in neoplastic tissues even if the patient has had an orchiectomy and/or received hormonal therapy. It is not known whether testosterone may substitute for dihydrotestosterone in the neoplastic nucleus. Our studies indicate that animal models that yield data on suppresion of 5-alpha-reductase activity by certain agents may have limited relevance to the tissues of human prostatic carcinoma.
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PMID:In vitro uptake of 3H testosterone and its conversion to dihydrotestosterone by prostatic carcinoma and other tissues. 6 62

Five tumor markers were measured simultaneously in serum by radioimmunoassay: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (HGC), the beta subunit of HCG, and Kappa casein. In a population of 935 normal subjects these antigens were undetectable or found within precise limits. In patients with tumors of various origins the rate of pathologically elevated levels was 72% at the beginning of the clinical course (194 cases). This high rate was primarily due to the simultaneous measurement of CEA, betaHCG, HCG, and casein. AFP was of little importance. The simultaneous measurement of these tumor markers may be one biochemical element of diagnosis of carcinoma, although this criterion is neither absolute nor specific, as 14.7% of patients with non-neoplastic disorders (234 cases) were positive for one antigen. In the presence of metastases (112 cases) the rate of pathologic levels of at least one antigen was increased: 86% due to CEA and casein assay at the same time as their absolute levels were increased. Surgical removal reduces the rate of positivity of these antigens to 37%. As was shown in patients with breast cancer, the rate was 10% when the tumor had been removed at Stage N- and 54% when it was removed at Stage N+. Thus, the persistence of pathologic levels could be correlated with the capacity for recurrence or metastases. Finally chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both, do not decrease the rate of positivity of the tumor markers.
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PMID:Simultaneous assays of cancer-associated antigens in various neoplastic disorders. 6 15

The clinical features of 57 autopsied cases of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including 28 cases of the peripheral type (cholangiocarcinoma in the narrow sense) and 29 cases of the hilar type are described in comparison with those of hepatocellular carcinoma, with a review of the literature on the clinicopathological aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. As compared with hepatocellular carcinoma, the average age of the patients was older; the male predominance was not obvious, chronic parenchymal liver disease was infrequent in the past history, association of primary cirrhosis was seldom, cholestatic features were frequently the early signs and more pronounced during the course, the liver was enlarged to a lesser extent, ascites was less common, signs of portal hypertension were absent or minimal, and extrahepatic metastases were less frequent. In many respects, the hilar type resembled extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, and the peripheral type was somewhat between it and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the overall survival was not much different from that for hepatocellular carcinoma, early diagnosis is emphasized; this would make surgical management possible. Differential diagnosis from hepatocellular carcinoma may be possible in the majority with direct cholangiography, liver scan, celiac angiography, determination of alpha-fetoprotein and hepatitis B antigen, and blood chemistry such as SGOT, SLDH, serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Illustrative cases are given including one patient with a hilar carcinoma who survived for more than 2 years after transhepatic biliary drainage.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including hilar carcinoma: a study of 57 autopsy-proven cases. 6 93

Thirty-three patients with intractable pain caused by diffuse osteoblastic metastases from carcinoma of the prostate were treated with phosphorus-32 (32P) therapy either androgen priming, parathormone rebound, or a combination of both priming methods. Significant response to pain was achieved in 12 of 19 patients receiving testosterone-potentiated therapy, 0 of 5 patients treated with parathormone alone, and 6 of 9 patients receiving a combination of both priming modalities. It is concluded that androgen priming alone is the simplest and most effective method to be used when 32P therapy is being considered for palliative control of pain in patients with carcinoma of prostate.
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PMID:Phosphorus-32 for intractable pain in carcinoma of prostate. Analysis of androgen priming, parathormone rebound, and combination therapy. 6 16

Case reports are given of 37 patients treated between 1964 and 1976 because of carcinoma of the anus, and clinical signs and symptoms, therapy and prognosis are discussed. Most of the patients were 50-70 years old, women being more often afficted then men. Often the carcinoma was misdiagnosed as a benign disease. Hemorrhage and pain were the presenting symptoms in most of the case. Therapy depends upon the localization and the stage of the tumor. Carcinoma localizad distally of the linea dentata were excised locally; infiltrating carcinomas received radiotherapy postoperatively. Abdominal amputation of the rectum was performed if the linea dentata or regional lymph-nodes were involved. Bilateral dissection of inguinal lymph-nodes was performed only if inguinal metastases were suspected. No patients surviving 5 years were observed in the group with lymph-node metastases. On the contrary all patients survived, if carcinoma was localized distally to the linea dentata and had been excised locally. Recurrent malignancy was found only in 3 of these cases. On the basis of these findings it can be concluded that local excision is the therapy of choice in selected cases.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the anus - clinical signs and symptoms, therapy and prognosis (author's transl)]. 6 37

Of 740 mediastinoscopies carried out from january 1966 to january 1976, 581 were performed to assess the operability of a pulmonary carcinoma. Of these, 42% were positive and 58% were negative. The remaining 159 mediastinoscopies were performed as aids in the diagnosis of affections of the lungs and mediastinum. Of these, 63% were positive and 37% were negative. Patients with bronchial carcinoma and a negative mediastinoscopy were regarded as operable; patients with a positive mediastinoscopy were regarded as inoperable because of mediastinal metastases (Nohl, 1956; Reynders, 1964; Carlens, 1965). Nevertheless a small number of patients with a positive mediastinoscopy were operated during an initial period.
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PMID:The value of mediastinoscopy in the assessment of the operability of bronchial carcinoma respective five years survival after resection. 7 37

Only patients with localized lung cancer benefit from curative resection. Curative radiotherapy is recommended in patients with a resectable tumor in whom surgery is precluded for medical reasons. Adjuvant preoperative or postoperative therapy of any type does not improve the results of surgery except in patients with Pancoast tumor. Therapy for nonlocalized tumors does not affect survival. Radiotherapy has a palliative effect in 50 to 75 per cent of patients presenting with symptoms from either a primary lesion or metastases and should therefore be recommended in symptomatic patients. The palliative effect of chemotherapy is limited in lung cancers other than small cell carcinomas. However, chemotherapy alone or in association with radiotherapy produces remarkable tumor regression and some improvement of survival in small cell carcinoma. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer is still under evaluation.
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PMID:Lung cancer. 7 94


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