Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prognostic significance of the "DNA malignancy grade" (DNA-MG) was tested in a series of 104 breast cancer patients in comparison with TNM staging, histomorphologic grading according to Bloom and Richardson, mean nuclear area (MNA) and DNA-histogram classification according to Auer. The reproducibility and representativity of the grading systems were investigated, and their results in primary tumors and lymph node metastases were compared. The scalar DNA-MG was assessed on monolayer smears prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues; the smears were automatically Feulgen stained and used for rapid interactive DNA cytometric evaluation by an automated microscope and a TV image-analysis system. TNM staging showed the highest correlation with survival, followed by histomorphologic grading and DNA-MG; MNA and the DNA-histogram classification failed to give statistically significant prognostic information. Both histomorphologic grading and DNA-MG were identified as parameters adding independent prognostic information to the TNM staging. However, only DNA-MG demonstrated an acceptable reliability, with small 95% ranges between repeated measurements within the primary tumor (+/- 0.3 DNA-MG) and a strong correlation between the results in the primary tumor and its lymph node metastases. These findings show that the DNA-MG is a valid and reliable prognostic index that adds significant prognostic information to TNM staging.
 ...
PMID:DNA grading of malignancy in breast cancer. Prognostic validity, reproducibility and comparison with other classifications. 271 1

Plasma fibronectin was determined in cancer patients and in age- and sex-matched controls and analyzed as a function of age, size of tumor, receptor content of the tumor, metastases and treatment. In the control population, plasma fibronectin increased with age exponentially. The age-dependent increase in plasma fibronectin was strongly attenuated in the cancer population. As normal and cancer curves intersect at about 40-46 years, below this age cancer plasmas have slightly higher values than normal, above this age the inverse is true. No correlation was found between estrogen or progesterone receptor levels and plasma fibronectin values, nor with plasma albumin. Tumor patients with distant metastases gave slightly but significantly higher values than those with local or no metastases. No significant difference was found between tumors when Bloom grading was taken as the second parameter instead of age. The size of the tumor or the type of treatment had no influence. Increased proteolytic activity, increased trapping of plasma fibronectin in tissues and especially in the stromal (desmoplastic) reaction and/or modifications in plasma fibronectin biosynthesis may well be responsible for these results.
 ...
PMID:Plasma fibronectin in mammary and uterine carcinomas. 335 39

1,271 patients with breast cancer treated at the Institut Gustave Roussy between 1967 and 1972 and with a minimum follow-up of 10 years, have been studied in order to analyse the risk factors for bilateralization. Patients with metastases at presentation (160) who have an incidence of bilateralization at two years of 20% have been excluded since the contralateral tumor is regarded as part of the metastatic process. For 1,111 patients, non-metastatic at presentation, the following factors have been studied: age, T-stage, N-stage, tumor grade, tumor growth rate (doubling tumor size in less than six months) and the presence of inflammatory signs. Of these factors, only advanced T stage, fixed axillary lymphadenopathy and the presence of inflammatory sign were associated with a significantly increased risk of bilateralization. For patients presenting with T1 tumors the incidence of bilateralization is 19% at 10 years but this is probably because relatively more of these patients lived long enough to develop a second cancer. A more detailed histopathological study was performed on 682 patients whose tumors were operable at presentation and for whom the following histological characteristics are known: type, grading (Scarff and Bloom), number of axillary nodes involved by tumor and anatomical size of the tumor. None of these characteristics was found to increase the risk of bilateralization. Comparing the two breast tumors (and excluding those with a diffuse infiltration in either breast) in 74 patients in whom the exact tumor site was known, in only 7, was the second tumor a "mirror-image" of the first. Overall, MO patients with bilateral tumors have a decreased survival compared with those with unilateral tumors. For those patients operable at presentation, the 10 year survival is 51% and 63%. The conclusions of this study are that there are two populations of patients with bilateral breast cancer: Those in whom the controlateral tumor is part of a generalized metastatic process and occurs particularly in those with a poor prognosis (metastases at presentation, inflammatory carcinomas, fixed lymphadenopathy). Those in whom there is a relatively long interval (5-10 years) between the development of the two tumors who have not any metastases. This population particularly comprises patients with T1 tumors thus for whom continuing clinical and mammographic follow-up is justified.
 ...
PMID:[Bilateralization of breast cancer]. 373 Jun 33

In 170 primary invasive carcinomas of the breast, morphological criteria of the primary tumour--tumour size, WHO classification, malignancy according to Bloom, number and status of foci, lymphangiosis carcinomatosa, stroma reaction--were compared with the axillary lymph node status. In addition, the numbers of resected lymph nodes of metastasised and non-metastasised carcinomas were compared, taking into consideration the number of affected lymph nodes. In patients with more than three affected lymph nodes there were significantly more resected lymph nodes. It is possible that the degree of metastasising exercises an influence on the size of the lymph nodes and hence on the likelihood of their being detected in the axillary fatty connective tissue. The importance of histological structural classification of the primary tumour (WHO) and of the tumour size, for metastasising into the axillary lymph nodes, was confirmed. No significant correlation was found between prognostically relevant tumour criteria on the one hand, and the qualitative proof of metastases in the axillary lymph nodes on the other. Particularly in cases without established involvement of the lymph nodes, it will be necessary to take into account relevant structural criteria of the primary tumour when planning an appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Histological structure of the primary tumor and status of the regional lymph nodes in breast cancer]. 609

We investigated the possible potentiation of a regimen of combined cytostatic and radiation therapy for epidermoid carcinoma of the maxillofacial region. The described combined approach by intra-arterial infusion of ADR and BLM and cytokinetically controlled irradiation was able to produce CR in all treated primary tumors of the head and neck. Regional metastases are not definitely controlled and require surgical intervention.
 ...
PMID:Combined treatment of maxillofacial carcinoma by intra-arterial proliferation block and irradiation. 619 16

Thirteen patients with advanced testicular tumors (seminoma 2, non-seminoma 11) were treated with combination chemotherapy involving BLM, vinca alkaloid and CDDP (BVP) as induction therapy and followed with CPM, VCR and CDDP as maintenance therapy. BVP and COP administration was repeated every 3 and 4 to 8 weeks for 1 year, if there were no serious side effects. The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 92% with a 69% CR rate. At a mean follow-up of 30 months (7-52 month range), 54% of the patients were alive with no evidence of disease. Bulky metastases, failure to respond to prior chemotherapy and teratomatous metastases were considered to be poor prognostic factors. The toxicity of BVP was similar to that reported for CDDP, except that allergic reaction occurred in 3 patients after several courses of treatment. Two of the 3 went into anaphylactic shock.
 ...
PMID:[Bleomycin, vinca alkaloid and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum combination chemotherapy for advanced testicular tumors]. 620 99

Minute carcinomas of the breast in 24 cases with a diameter of maximal 0.5 cm (Group I) were compared with infiltrating carcinomas with a tumour diameter of 1.8 to 2.4 cm (Group II). Qualitative differences to larger carcinomas were found. Microscopically minute carcinomas of group I showed a significantly higher number of lobular and medullary structures, lower malignancy grades I and II of Bloom were found. Lymph vessel invasion and axillary metastases were found less often. The radiological size of minute carcinomas was greater than there microscopic diameter in contradistinction to larger carcinomas which showed a good correlation between microscopic and radiologic diameter of the tumour. The covering tissue rich in fibroblasts and poor in fibers of minute carcinomas is responsible for this difference. The stroma portions rich in fibers of larger carcinomas are responsible for the characteristic spiculae formations in the mammography. The fiber poor tissue around minute carcinomas showed non-characteristic radiological findings. New radiological findings in the contralateral breast especially when combined with micro-calcifications and parenchymal structures P2 and Dy of Wolfe require an immediate biopsy and were found more often in both groups.
 ...
PMID:[Minute carcinomas of the breast in a histologic and mammographic comparison]. 655 77

We report our experience with radiation therapy in 2 patients with anaplastic esophageal cancer with extensive distant metastases. Radiotherapy was given to the primary esophageal lesions and in both patients the tumors completely disappeared after irradiation with 2000 to 3000 rads. However, the metastatic lesions of the bone and liver did not respond despite the administration of BLM + PT -207 + BEMP in one case and METVFC + FT -207 in the other. Both patients died 4 and 5 months, respectively, after beginning the treatment. Effective chemotherapy of metastases needs to be developed because the primary lesions of anaplastic esophageal cancer are highly sensitive to radiation therapy.
 ...
PMID:[Radiotherapy for anaplastic esophageal cancer]. 687 92

Oestrogen (RE) and progesterone (RP) cytosolic receptors have been studied in 59 clinically inflammatory tumours of the human breast. The results were compared to those obtained in a series of 496 operable tumours. A single saturating dose of oestradiol for RE and R 5020 for RP was used and the cut-off between negative and positive tumours was 100 fmol/g tissue. A significant difference was seen (P less than 0.02) between the 2 classes of patients: (RE-, RP-) tumours were commoner among clinically inflammatory tumours (48%) than among operable ones (28%), independently of menopause. Concerning the histological type (based on an assessment of differentiation) and the histological grading (Scarff and Bloom) there was a significant difference (P less than 0.001) between the 2 populations of tumours. No significant difference was found in the distribution of RE and RP among the 3 histological types, whereas a significant correlation existed between histological grading and RE (P less than 0.02). Finally, patients with RE+ clinically inflammatory tumours constitute a lower risk group, especially when they are free of metastases at the time of diagnosis. The presence of RE therefore seems to indicate, as in the operable tumour group, a favourable prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Oestrogen and progesterone cytosolic receptors in clinically inflammatory tumours of the human breast. 732

The relevance of silver-stained NORs for classifications and prognosis was investigated in breast tissue. Paraffin sections from 137 cases of invasive ductal breast carcinomas and 12 cases with non-tumorous ductus epithelium as controls were stained according to a modified technique and analysed. From the cancer cases follow-up data up to 10 years (45 to 165 months) and in addition clinical, histological and several DNA distribution parameters were available. The nuclei and the silver grains were measured by means of a semiautomatic image analysis system. Significant differences in AgNOR features were found between controls and diploid tumors (p < or = 0.001), diploid and aneuploid tumors (p < or = 0.001), Bloom-Richardson-gradings I, II, and III (p < or = 0.001), and between the tumor cells from patients developing metastases within 5 years and those without (p < or = 0.002). The prognostic significance of AgNORs was estimated using Cox regression analysis. Four AgNOR features were correlated significantly with survival time. In a multivariate approach offering all parameters available an AgNOR parameter (CV of relative area AgNORs) ranked at the third position beyond the SD of DNA distribution and pTNM-staging. Considering the metastases-free interval of patients the same AgNOR feature showed an independent prognostic validity.
 ...
PMID:Nucleolus organizer regions (AgNORs) in ductal mammary carcinoma. Comparison with classifications and prognosis. 752 Jan 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>