Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was conducted to assess the reproducibility and prognostic significance of the histopathological grading by using the criteria of Bloom and Richardson. 166 breast carcinomas of the invasive ductal type (NOS - not otherwise specified) according to the WHO criteria, selected from the biopsy material of the years 1980 to 1988 were investigated. 85 of the patients presented axillary lymph node metastases in the mastectomy specimens. A satisfactory correlation of histopathological grades assessed by three pathologists was found in 72.3% of all cases. Fifteen cases (9%) were over- and 31 cases (18.7%) were underestimated compared with an expert's grade. A disagreement of two grades occurred in one case only. In comparison of grade 1 and grade 3 tumours as well as of grade 2 and grade 3 tumours significant differences in the overall survival could be found. Irrespective of statistically significant differences between the three grades in actuarial survival, the histopathological grading is of rather low value for the prediction of prognosis of individual patients.
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PMID:Histological grading of breast cancer. Interobserver, reproducibility and prognostic significance. 196 30

In order to study differences in antigen expression related to the different stages of the process of metastasis of human melanoma cell lines, we determined the expression pattern of a series of well-characterized genes in a set of human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic behavior in nude mice. This set included non-metastatic (IF6, 530), sporadically metastatic (M14, Mel 57), and frequently metastatic (BLM, MV3) cell lines after subcutaneous inoculation. To study the phenotype of these cell lines both the cultured cells and representative samples of local tumors at the inoculation site and their metastases in the lungs were immunostained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against melanocytic differentiation or progression antigens. Although most cell lines (IF6, 530, M14 and Mel 57) showed HLA-DR expression in vitro, these antigens were lacking in all xenografted lesions studied with exception of the 530 cell line. 530 Xenografts, however, showed a dramatic down-regulation of HLA-DR compared with the cell line in vitro. The same phenomenon was seen with respect to ICAM-1 expression. The expression of all other antigens studied in xenografts, both in subcutaneous tumors and in lung lesions, was in general comparable to that in the melanoma cell lines in vitro, with exception of the 530 cell line. In all melanoma cell lines except 530 the degree of intra- and interlesional heterogeneity regarding the expression of all antigens studied was limited. Remarkably, comparison of the immunophenotype of the frequently metastasizing (BLM, MV3) and the sporadically (M14, Mel 57) or non-metastasizing (IF6, 530) cell lines showed that the two frequently metastasizing cell lines had marked expression of the progression antigens VLA-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor, and lack of expression of the differentiation antigen NKI-beteb. These findings warrant further studies on the role of these antigens in the process of metastasis of human melanoma cells in nude mice.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Antigen expression of metastasizing and non-metastasizing human melanoma cells xenografted into nude mice. 206 Jan 84

Between 1980 and 1986 676 patients underwent surgery for primary breast cancer. Of these, 35 patients developed locoregional recurrence. Retrospective analysis of the spontaneous postoperative development revealed 2 groups: group A had subsequent distant metastases, group B was tumor-free after surgical treatment of local recurrence. Analysis of the commonly employed characterization criteria of primary tumors (tumor size, lymph node involvement, estrogen receptors, histologic grading of primary tumors, and excised locoregional recurrence) showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, a more detailed differentiation of the subcriteria for the histologic grading according to Bloom and Richardson revealed a prevalence of anaplastic nuclei in the primary tumors of group A (9/11). Even in this small patient population the parameter of nuclear polymorphism revealed a highly significant statistical difference between the two groups.
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PMID:Nuclear polymorphism--a prognostic parameter to evaluate local recurrence of female breast cancer. 209 31

Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) were studied in 297 patients according to the presence of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1-R). All the patients were surgically treated for locoregional disease in the same institution from January 1986. The median duration of follow-up was 40 months. RFS was better in patients with IGF1-R in their tumors as assessed by actuarial survival (P = 0.014) as well as Cox analysis (P = 0.016). OS was better in IGF1-R positive tumors studied by actuarial (P = 0.007) as well as Cox analysis (P = 0.010). By Cox analysis the other prognostic factors on RFS were estrogen receptor (P = 0.002), progesterone receptor (P = 0.002), axillary node metastases (P = 0.032), histoprognostic grading (GHP) according to the standard of Scarff and Bloom (P = 0.004), and tumor diameter (P = 0.019). The other prognostic factors on OS (Cox analysis) were estrogen receptor (P = 0.001), axillary node metastases (P = 0.010), GHP (P = 0.009), progesterone receptor (P = 0.012), and tumor diameter (P = 0.007). When combining IGF1-R, GHP, and axillary node metastases, it appeared that IGF1-R, GHP, and axillary node metastases had independent prognostic significance. In this prospective study IGF1-R had a prognostic significance on RFS as well as on OS studied by actuarial as well as Cox analysis.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors in human breast cancer. 217 11

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological behavior of male breast cancer. We evaluated 11 cases of male breast cancer with respect to tumor growth, extent of disease, hormone receptor status, and histological grade of the malignancy, in comparison with 241 cases of female breast cancer. The duration of symptoms was 8.6 +/- 9.1 months in males and 8.5 +/- 18.6 months in females. The incidences of stages I, II, and III were 46%, 27%, and 27%, respectively, in male breast cancer, and 38%, 49%, and 13% in female breast cancer. Metastasis to the lymph node was negative in 60% of the male patients and 54% of the female patients. All cases of male breast cancer were histologically grade I according to Bloom's classification; the histological grades were as follows for the female breast cancer cases: grade I in 99 patients, grade II in 87, and grade III in 55. The rates of hormone receptor positively were 89% for ER and 86% for PgR in male breast cancer, and 64% for ER and 44% for PgR in female breast cancer. Therefore, there was no significant difference in the growth of male breast cancer and female breast cancer, but in male breast cancer the rate of hormone receptor positivity was high, endocrine therapy was effective, and the histological grade was low. Accordingly, the result following appropriate treatment of male breast cancer should be at least comparable to the results with female breast cancer.
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PMID:Cancer of the male breast. 237 Aug 2

Estrogen receptor (ER) immunocytochemical assay (ER-ICA) was assessed in 400 human breast carcinomas. In all cases, patient's age, tumor size, histological type and Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grade, and presence or absence of axillary lymph node metastases and of vessel invasion in tumor borders were recorded. In 310 cases estrogen and progesterone receptors were concomitantly evaluated (dextran coated charcoal method). In 60 of these cases the ER immunoenzymatic assay (ER-IEA) was also assessed. Monoclonal H222sp gamma and peroxidase antiperoxidase procedures (Abbott kit) were applied in frozen sections, tumor imprints, and fine-needle aspirates. A computerized system of image analysis referred to as SAMBA (TITN), permitted a multiparametric quantitative analysis of ER-positive surfaces. With this system, in each tumor, the cellularity, percentage of ER surface versus the total cell surface and versus the epithelial (keratin-positive) surface, integrated optical density, mean optical density, index of the concentration of labeled objects, and integrated optical density histograms, were obtained and correlated to histological and biochemical data. It was shown that (a) ER antigenic sites were heterogeneously distributed in ER-positive tumors, with a specific nuclear localization in epithelial cells; (b) SAMBA 200 multiparametric analysis of the ER sites distribution in tissue was appropriate, accurate, reproducible, and therefore more reliable than the semiquantitative analysis; (c) standardization and complete automation of this method of immunoprecipitates evaluation on tissue section permits daily and routine analysis of a large number of preparations; (d) there was a correlation between ER binding sites evaluation (dextran coated charcoal) and ER antigenic sites immunodetection (ER-ICA and ER-IEA); (e) there was a correlation between the SAMBA evaluation of ER-ICA and other histological prognostic factors such as small tumor size, low Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grade; (f) the preliminary SAMBA analysis of ER-ICA in tissue sections, imprints, and fine needle aspirates suggest that fine needle aspirates may not reflect accurately the tumor cell heterogeneity.
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PMID:Multiparametric study (SAMBA 200) of estrogen receptor immunocytochemical assay in 400 human breast carcinomas: analysis of estrogen receptor distribution heterogeneity in tissues and correlations with dextran coated charcoal assays and morphological data. 244 56

The following report is of a case of diffuse B-cell lymphoma of the anterior mediastinum that was originally treated by resection and radiation in a patient who had pleural and subcutaneous metastases four months after operation. A total dose of 120 mg of CDDP, 60 mg of BLM, and 15 mg of VBL was administered in five weeks. The metastases completely disappeared by this dose alone, and the patient is alive and well seven and a half years after the chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Diffuse B-cell lymphoma of anterior mediastinum cured by short-term administration of CDDP-containing regimen]. 246 28

The value of Cobalt-57 bleomycin (57Co-BLM) scintigraphy in the detection of lymph node metastases in the hilum and mediastinum was investigated in 132 patients with peripherally located lung cancer. In one half of the patients with metastases, these were visualized. Specificity was 98%. These results were better than those obtained with chest radiography and conventional roentgen tomography. 57Co-BLM scintigraphy is routinely used in the staging of patients with lung cancer, obviating the need for mediastinoscopy.
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PMID:57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy for the staging of lung cancer. 246 75

From 1977 to 1988, 61 patients have received radical treatment for a carcinoma of the mobile tongue. Fifty-nine of these patients were treated in association with a BLM (or PEP), and 26 patients with external irradiation. The local tumor control rate at two years was 77%, and subsequent lymph node metastasis was 25%. The five year cumulative survival rate was 55% and the main causes of death were found to be regional node metastases and other related diseases particularly. The determinate survival for TxN0 tumors was 83%. Six percent and 26% had radio-osteonecrosis and soft tissue necrosis respectively and three patients required surgery.
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PMID:[Interstitial irradiation of carcinoma of the tongue]. 246 8

The monoclonal antibodies HMFG1 and HMFG2 identify antigens of the milk fat globule membrane which are also found on breast epithelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using both antibodies on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections of 93 breast carcinoma, 36 histologically benign lesions and 29 histologically normal breast tissue blocks. In both normal and benign breast disease the staining was largely extracellular whilst in malignant tissue the staining was variable and often intracellular. Nine carcinomas did not stain with either antibody. The staining patterns of malignant tissues were graded and no correlation was found between the grades and survival or indices of prognosis, (the oestrogen receptor status, Bloom's grade and the presence or absence of metastases to the axillary nodes.) This study indicates that with the present methods available for grading staining patterns, although of diagnostic value, these monoclonal antibodies are unlikely to assist in determining either the degree of tumour differentiation or prognosis in breast carcinoma.
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PMID:The prognostic value of the monoclonal antibodies HMFG1 and HMFG2 in breast cancer. 257 85


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