Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a surgical series of 277 consecutive patients operated on the thyroid for benign diseases, a high prevalence rate (10.5%) of occult papillary carcinoma was found by means of an accurate histologic examination. Indications for surgery were euthyroid multinodular goiter in 25 patients, autonomously hyperfunctioning adenoma in 2 and Graves' disease in 2 patients. Neoplastic foci were unilaterally found in 25 cases but multifocally in 6 and bilaterally in 4 cases: the diameters ranged from 2-10 mm. After operation (14 subtotal and 15 total thyroidectomies), all patients received TSH-suppressive doses of T4. At a mean follow-up of 5.6 years, neither local recurrences nor lymph node or distant metastases had occurred; no patient died of the tumor. In keeping with other surgical and autopsy series, the prevalence of occult thyroid carcinoma in a normal population is calculated to be about 5-10%, whereas it is known that the prevalence of clinically evident thyroid cancer is only 0.05%. This means that only 1-2% of occult carcinomas may evolve in an overt tumor during life. In view of such an epidemiologic difference and the favorable course of our patients, although the mean follow-up is rather short, we suggest that lobectomy plus T4 treatment may be considered an adequate therapeutic approach in patients with occult papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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PMID:High prevalence of occult papillary thyroid carcinoma in a surgical series for benign thyroid disease. 236 70

Metastatic tumours in major salivary glands are uncommon with a higher incidence of primary sites from the head and neck. The lungs and breast are the common primary sites, while metastases from the kidney are very rarely found. The authors describe a case of renal clear-cell carcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland. The incidence of a metastasis in the parotid gland from a primary renal carcinoma, even if rare, should not be overlooked in making a correct differential diagnosis with acinic cell carcinoma and monomorphic clear cell adenoma.
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PMID:Renal carcinoma metastasis to the parotid gland. 237 Apr 61

CT examinations of 6 years served as basis for the incidence of hormonally inactive space-occupying masses at the adrenal. Of a total of 25,000 patients, 313 (1.3%) suffered from disease of the adrenals, and of these 261 patients had a hormonally inactive adrenal tumour. Adenomas were the most frequent space-occupying growths (101 patients), followed by metastases of the adrenals (77 patients), whereas adrenal carcinomas (4 patients), myelolipomas (3 patients), ganglioneuromas (3 patients) adrenal cysts (3 patients) and adrenal haemorrhages (2 patients) were rare findings.
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PMID:[Computerized tomography findings in hormonally inactive adrenal gland tumors]. 239 49

Cushing syndrome can recur following an adrenalectomy. One of the primary causes is recurrence of adrenal carcinoma either locally or from metastases. Hyperplasia and hyperfunction of adrenal remnants may also occur if there is pituitary stimulation. We have a patient in whom recurrent Cushing syndrome developed from small nonmalignant deposits of adrenal tissue in the perirenal adipose tissue following adrenalectomy of a benign adenoma. These deposits were identifiable by computed tomography. A false-negative NP-59 iodocholesterol scan was instructive in pointing out some problems in the interpretation of this type of scan for adrenal tissue.
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PMID:Unusual cause for recurrent Cushing syndrome and its diagnosis by computed tomography and NP-59 radiocholesterol scanning. 239 18

The diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is often difficult, because this tumor may present with direct extension into adjacent renal parenchyma or with metastatic disease. Renal cell carcinoma and other histologically similar tumors are potentially confused with ACC by conventional light microscopy, and their separation from the latter is often impossible without the aid of additional studies. Furthermore, the distinction between adrenal cortical adenoma and ACC may also be problematic. Because of these factors, the authors studied 10 cases each of ACC, adrenocortical adenoma, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) immunohistochemically, in an attempt to develop objective parameters which may aid in this differential diagnostic dilemma. Nontrypsinized, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were used in all cases, and tissue from the adrenocortical tumors was also studied for intermediate filament content after protease digestion. All 20 nontrypsinized adrenocortical neoplasms were positive for vimentin, but not for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, or blood group isoantigens. Conversely, each of 10 cases of RCC expressed epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, and blood group isoantigens, but none was immunoreactive for vimentin. Two adrenocortical carcinomas and three adenomas manifested cytokeratin positivity after trypsin digestion. There were no significant differences between the immunostaining profiles of ACC and adrenocortical adenoma, which suggest that this distinction must still rely upon clinical and morphologic criteria.
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PMID:Adrenocortical carcinoma. An immunohistochemical comparison with renal cell carcinoma. 241 89

Metastases from a carcinoid tumor to the pituitary gland have, to our knowledge, not been described. We present a 49-year-old woman diagnosed as having a primary carcinoid tumor arising in the submucosa of a large bronchus who 8 years later presented with multiple metastases including one to the pituitary gland, which was in partial failure of pituitary function. This case illustrates than when confronted with a pituitary tumor resembling an adenoma but negative for pituitary hormones, the possibility of a metastasis from a carcinoid tumor should be considered.
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PMID:Pituitary metastasis from malignant bronchial carcinoid. 245 32

Adenomas that contain early invasive carcinoma (ACIC) represent the earliest form of clinically relevant cancer of the colorectum in most patients. In order to assess the incidence of nodal metastases of ACIC, we studied 31 patients in whom the colon was resected after endoscopic polypectomy (EP) done from 1975 to 1987. We also reviewed the pathologic features reported in individual cases and in literature series of ACIC with lymph node metastases published from 1958 to 1986. The lymph node metastatic potential of ACIC is relatively high, ranging from an average value of 8.5% in the literature of to 16.1% in our own study, and is equivalent to the range of 10%-17% that occurs in colorectal carcinomas that invade the submucosa. When an ACIC is seen in an EP specimen in which the polypectomy margin is normal, the decision as to whether the patient should enter a follow-up protocol or have radical surgical resection is determined by the assessment of the probability of the occurrence of nodal metastases. According to several authors, certain histopathologic features make it possible to distinguish between an ACIC with a high-risk of nodal metastases versus those with a low-risk. The most relevant pathologic parameters include the state of the resection margins, the grade of the invasive carcinoma, and the presence or absence of vascular invasion. Of 351 cases of ACIC that were operated on, derived from 16 literature series, 45.6% were high-risk cases and 8.5% had lymph node metastases. In our group of high-risk ACIC that had surgical resection subsequently, the lymph node metastatic rate was 35.7%. Our results help to estimate the nodal metastatic potential of early colorectal carcinomas and stress the importance of adequate pathologic evaluation in order to assess metastatic risk in these patients accurately.
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PMID:Colorectal adenomas containing invasive carcinoma. Pathologic assessment of lymph node metastatic potential. 247 39

A case of schwannosarcoma associated with a pleural neurofibroma and a parathyroid adenoma is presented. The neuroectodermal origin and the relationship with neurofibromatosis are discussed. The sarcomatous relapse of a schwannoma previously classified as benign confirms the difficulty of microscopic analysis and the malignancy power of the tumor. A long survival is obtained by a large intestinal and mesenteric resection as long as hepatic metastases are not present or can be resected. The pleural neurofibroma needs symptomatic treatment while parathyroid adenoma must be early removed as soon as malignant hypercalcemia is detected.
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PMID:[A malignant schwannoma of the jejunum associated with multiple neurofibromas and a primary adenoma of the parathyroid]. 249 38

Reported is an autopsied case of a double carcinomata associated with an adrenocortical adenoma in a 68-year-old Japanese female. The hepatocellular carcinoma was classified as being type II, according to Edmondson's classification, and showed massive necrosis caused by TAE and metastases to both lungs the diaphragm, the portal veins, the hepatic veins, and the inferior vena cava. The renal cell carcinoma was latent and diagnosed as being a mixed-cell type, with clear and granular cells also present. Double carcinomata of hepatocellular and a renal cell carcinoma are extremely rate and such a combination occupies merely 0.27-1.04% of the total double carcinomata reported in the Japanese literature. The adrenocortical adenoma in the present case was considered to be a non-functioning adenoma, based on no specific clinical symptoms during the woman's hospitalization.
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PMID:[An autopsied case of double carcinomata consisting of hepatocellular and renal cell carcinoma associated with adrenocortical adenoma]. 253 67

Chemoembolization by selective intra-arterial injection of lipiodol--chemotherapeutic agents (mitomycin and/or adriamycin)--followed by terminal embolization with gelfoam was performed on 20 inoperable patients with hepatic tumors: 13 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), 6 metastases from colorectal cancer, and one adenoma. A total of 29 embolizations were performed, 17 of them followed by gelfoam embolization. Significant decrease in tumor size or no tumor increase was shown in 8 patients--6 capsulated and well-limited HCC's, and 2 multinodular HCC's. Apart from occasional episodes of post-embolization syndrome (fever, vomit, abdominal pain), no significant complications were observed. Nine patients died at intervals ranging from 2 weeks to 37 months after the first embolization; in 6 patients the cause of death was not related to the advancing of the cancer, but to the complications of the underlying cirrhosis. In cirrhotic patients, damage to the rest of liver parenchyma can be limited by using superselective catheterization. Of the 6 patients with greater than 12 months follow-up, 4 are alive and 2 have died; 2 more patients are still alive 18 months after the first embolization. Finally, lipiodol was useful as radiopaque marker to detect lesion changes during the follow-up.
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PMID:[Therapy of hepatic carcinoma by the intra-arterial injection of lipiodol, antineoplastic agents and gelfoam]. 253 65


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