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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical, ultrasound and CT scan examinations were carried out in 9 patients with secondary muscle lesions. All muscles can be affected but there was a marked predominance of psoas lesions (6 of the 9 cases). Two contrasting clinical pictures are seen. Secondary muscle tumors can occur during evolution of a known treated cancer (5 of the 9 cases), revealed usually by large, rarely painful, mass. CT scan imaging shows a heterogeneous mass taking up contrast and often partially necrotic, the lesions appearing hypoechogenic or heterogeneous on ultrasound examination. Certain lesions can be totally necrotic. In some cases (4 of the 9 patients) the muscle metastases revealed the presence of a tumor. Symptomatology may be atypical and lead to a delay in diagnosis. Fine needle puncture biopsy can detect the secondary origin of the muscle lesion and also the primary tumor site (4 out of 9 cases), bronchopulmonary and colon cancer predominating. Images are however non-specific and in the absence of NMR imaging the muscle or lymph node metastases can be confused, although this has no practice consequences since treatment is identical.
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PMID:[Muscle metastases: ultrasonic and x-ray computerized tomographic aspects. Apropos of 9 cases]. 328 62

I 131-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an aralkylguanidine with certain structural similarities to norepinephrine (NE). It is concentrated, stored, and released from chromaffin granules in a manner almost identical with that of NE. It will image the enlarged adrenal medullae of adrenal medullary hyperplasia when the CAT and NMR scans are normal. It is more sensitive in detecting extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas than CAT and NMR imaging. Because 46% of our 176 patients with histopathologically proved "benign" pheochromocytomas (pheos) have developed demonstrable metastases, with or without elevated plasma and urinary catecholamines, we now image all patients with "benign" pheos yearly. As of January 22, 1986 we had treated 28 patients with malignant pheos 71 times with MIBG. As of July 24, 1986, we had given 34 neuroblastoma patients 55 tracer doses. In some cases MIBG demonstrates more neuroblastoma than all other imaging modalities and this is helpful in staging. We have had 30-50% objective regressions in neuroblastoma tumor mass in 3 out of the first 12 patients treated. These three patients had slower-growing tumors and a lower body burden than the nonresponders. We also record the sensitivity of MIBG imaging of neuroendocrine tumors other than pheos and neuroblastomas.
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PMID:Update on basic research and clinical experience with metaiodobenzylguanidine. 330 1

For classification of testicular tumors in the TNM-System several modern imaging methods are available: sonography, conventional radiography, lymphography, computer-tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance and scintigraphy. Sonography--usually the first method to be used for reasonable classification--is significantly inferior to lymphography and CT for N and M staging. It remains to be seen if the NMR-methods will reach the good informative standard of CT. Only in the case of extensive lymphatic metastasis (bulky disease) are i.v. pyelogram and cavography still used to verify displacement of the ureter or infiltration of the tumor into the cava. In the nuclear medical field bone scintigraphy plays the main role for testicular tumor metastases.
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PMID:[Clinical staging of malignant tumors by the TNM system. Contribution of modern imaging procedures in patients with testicular tumors]. 331 86

NMR spectroscopy is able to detect subtle changes to the surface chemistry of cells. We have previously shown that high-resolution 1H NMR methods can identify tumor cells with the capacity to metastasize, and we now report that the long T2 relaxation value (500-800 ms) observed in metastatic rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells is removed by treatment with fucosidase. Two-dimensional scalar-correlated NMR (COSY) spectra of fucosidase-treated cells show that a cross peak, consistent with scalar coupling between the methyl and methine groups on fucose and usually associated with malignancy and metastatic ability, is absent. Metastases were observed in only two out of ten rats injected subcutaneously with enzyme-treated cells compared to eight out of ten with untreated cells. NMR studies on isolated cellular lipids identified the long T2 relaxation value only in the ganglioside fraction. This fraction accounts for 51% of the total 14C-labelled fucose incorporated into the cells. We propose that fucogangliosides are an indicator of metastatic potential in rats. The observation that a cell surface metastasis marker has an NMR signal with a characteristically long relaxation value has important consequences for the future use of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in the cancer clinic.
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PMID:Inhibition of metastatic potential by fucosidase: an NMR study identifies a cell surface metastasis marker. 339 10

Olfactory esthesioneuroma is a rare malignant tumor arising in the olfactory epithelium. Forty cases observed at the Institut Gustave-Roussy from 1956 to 1987 are reported. This tumor usually grows slowly and is usually local, but it is important to be aware of the possibility of lymph node involvement (17%) and, particularly, of rapid development of distant metastases (25%), usually within 6 months. CT scan, and more recently, NMR have proved to be of value in choosing the surgical approach. In view of the usual point of departure, a combined neurosurgical and transfacial approach seems to be a satisfactory approach for obtaining oncological control of the lesion. The role of chemotherapy is discussed. The main prognostic factors seem to be the size of the lesion, the intracranial extension, and the lymph node involvement.
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PMID:Olfactory esthesioneuroma: a report of 40 cases. 339 65

It has been demonstrated that the single most important factor in determining survival in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma is the extent of spread of metastasis from the primary lesion. This explains the extensive efforts in developing accurate staging tests for pulmonary tumors, both primary and metastatic, with special emphasis on the determination of pulmonary hilar and mediastinal spread of disease. Continued improvements in nuclear medicine instrumentation along with the development of tumor specific radiopharmaceuticals, as well as agents that have the capability of tracking tumor viability, have changed the orientation of scintigraphic techniques in the evaluation of pulmonary neoplastic processes. Gallium scintigraphy is no longer considered as a primary imaging modality in the staging of pulmonary tumors, and in most institutions has been replaced by computed tomography (CT) for this purpose. It has been demonstrated that gallium, relative to other imaging modalities, is a sensitive indicator of hilar spread of tumor. However, because of the normally high background activity within the sternum and spine, mediastinal abnormalities are poorly detected. Since most pulmonary tumors metastasize via regional nodes to the pulmonary hilum and then to the mediastinum, the high sensitivity for the detection of pulmonary hilar abnormalities and the high specificity for mediastinal lesion detection suggest that gallium scintigraphy is a valuable adjunctive test when used appropriately. Thallium 201 as a tumor agent is being studied by several institutions. Preliminary results indicate a high degree of sensitivity for the detection of pulmonary hilar and mediastinal lesions and there are early indications that thallium is a promising agent to evaluate tumor viability. With the development of new generation monoclonal antibodies, the prospects for highly sensitive and specific agents for detecting hilar and mediastinal spread of tumor is extremely encouraging. CT and NMR have made major contributions to the noninvasive workup of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Neither modality has been demonstrated to be accurate enough to adequately evaluate this patient population. Thus, there is a critical need for new noninvasive tests that will accurately assess the status of the patient so that appropriate therapy can be instituted.
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PMID:The role of nuclear medicine in pulmonary neoplastic processes. 354 Dec 9

Three rat 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma clones and cell lines of different metastatic potentials (MTLn3, MTC, and MTPa) were studied for their proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectral characteristics as intact cells in vitro and after chloroform/methanol, neuraminidase, or ethanol treatments. The intact-cell spectral characteristics of the highly metastatic tumor cell clone MTLn3 were clearly distinguished from the less metastatic clone MTC or the parental MTPa cell line on the basis of spectral peaks in the range of 0.9 to 1.45 p.p.m. broad peaks near 2.0 p.p.m., and peaks in the range of 2.75 to 3.2 p.p.m. Glycoproteins are among the molecules known to have resonances in these upfield spectral regions, and these tumor cell subpopulations have previously been shown to possess characteristic quantitative differences in cell surface, metastasis-associated glycoproteins. Treatment of the cells with neuraminidase or ethanol, or extraction with chloroform/methanol increased spectral detail and also revealed characteristic differences in spectral peaks between the tumor cell subpopulations. The identity of the cellular components responsible for these spectral characteristics are unknown, but some clearly arise from differences in the extractable lipids present in the tumor cell subpopulations. Further study will be required to determine if the spectral differences described in this preliminary report are directly related to the known biochemical characteristics of the highly metastatic clone, and if the observations have general relevance to metastatic potential or are a singular feature of these cells. However, these initial results suggest that manipulation of factors which allow unmasking of spectral detail combined with the use of prescribed tumor cell subpopulations may aid in using proton NMR to identify and define biochemical or structural differences related to the metastatic potential of tumor cells.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1987 Sep
PMID:Proton NMR examination of tumor cells of high or low metastatic potential. 365 55

36 Patients with glioblastomas (17 cases) and cerebral metastases (19 cases) were investigated by MRI. The typical signal behavior at different acquisition parameters (T1-, T1/T2-, Rho- and Rho/T2-weighted) was analysed using an interlaced triple sequence. In most cases the NMR-tissue parameter T1, T2 and proton-density (Rho) were determined to evaluate the potentials for tissue characterisation. The results of unenhanced vs. enhanced scans (MRI plus Gd-DTPA, CT) were analysed.
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PMID:[MR tomography in glioblastomas and cerebral metastases]. 368 27

The paper is concerned with the potentialities of the NMR-tomography technique (1H) for metastructure studying of the biopsied human lymph nodes both uninvolved and affected by tumor. Tomography was performed at 200 MHz using the Bruker CXP-200t mini-tomograph. Spin-echoes sequence and projection-reconstruction technique was employed. Spatial resolution was about 0.1 mm. Images of the uninvolved lymph nodes permitted one to detect the structure of the lymph nodes. NMR-imaging of unenlarged lymph nodes enabled one to localize the region of initial metastases. The reconstruction of various groups of spin-echo signals permitted a more precise detection of the regions differed in their spin-spin magnetic relaxation times T2 of protons in 1 mm slice. It may be assumed that the distinction in T2-relaxation rates of the normal and abnormal tissues displays an effective means to detect a pathological region using high-field tomography.
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PMID:[NMR tomography of excised human lymph nodes]. 399 54

Human blood lipoproteins have been characterised by 1H NMR methods and chemical analysis, and comparisons made with the properties of the triglyceride-rich plasma membrane domain found in cancer cells. By means of selective and non-selective T1 experiments, the lipids in HDL and LDL are shown to be in diffusive exchange. In contrast, the lipids of chylomicra and VLDL do not exhibit lipid diffusion, and therefore resemble the neutral lipids of cancer cell plasma membranes. 2D scalar correlated NMR (COSY) spectra of cancer cells or solid tumours are similar to those obtained from VLDL and LDL. The long T2 relaxation value observed for neutral lipid methylenes in metastatic cancer cells (greater than 300 ms) was not observed for any of the 4 lipoproteins studied. None of the lipoprotein classes gave a T2 longer than 250 ms.
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PMID:Lipid domain in cancer cell plasma membrane shown by 1H NMR to be similar to a lipoprotein. 405 14


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