Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report MRI changes in a spontaneous intracranial hypotension(SIH). The patient was 29-year-old woman, who developed headaches in upright position, nausea, and vomiting preceded by pressure feeling of ears. Neurological examination was unremarkable except for hyperreflexia in the lower extremities. Lumbar punctures revealed very low opening pressure, a mild elevated CSF protein and a mild pleocytosis. No evidence of underlying systemic or neoplastic diseases was noted. The brain and cervical MRI showed diffuse and continuous pachymeningeal enhancement with gadolinium. Her symptoms gradually improved within two months without any treatment, and follow-up MRI showed resolution of the abnormalities within five months. The dural enhancement with gadolinium seen in the SIH should be kept in mind in case of hypertrophic pachymeningitis of unknown etiology, and be differentiated from such diseases as hypertrophic pachymeningitis associated with infectious, neoplastic diseases or sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[MRI changes in spontaneous intracranial hypotension]. 895 66

We report a 43-year-old woman who suffered from Listeria monocytogenes meningitis. She was admitted to our hospital because of headache, nausea, vomiting, and fever. On admission she had no abnormal neurological signs except for severe nuchal stiffness. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination on the day of admission revealed pleocytosis and increased total protein level. The CSF culture demonstrated Listeria monocytogenes. Because ampicillin therapy was not effective, erythromycin (8 g/day) was added. After 12 hours of erythromycin therapy, the patient complained of moderate hearing difficulty. Erythromycin was then stopped on the next day. Her hearing improved and became normal within 48 hours after discontinuation of erythromycin. Contrast MRI of the brain revealed enhancement of the ependyma of the lateral ventricle, suggesting the presence of ventriculitis. By parenteral administration of ampicillin and cephazolin, clinical symptoms improved quickly, and abnormal CSF and MRI findings were normalized. Listeria meningitis accompanied with ventriculitis has been reported in neonates and infants, but not in adults. In addition, this is the first case with erythromycin-induced hearing loss in the Japanese literature. Hearing should be regularly examined in patients who are treated with high-dose erythromycin (> or = 4 g/day), and the drug should be immediately discontinued when the patient develops hearing loss.
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PMID:[Erythromycin-induced hearing loss in a patient with Listeria monocytogenes meningo-ventriculitis]. 897 38

We report a case of idiopathic intracranial hypotension, a clinically rare syndrome. A 28-year-old woman was admitted with orthostatic headaches associated with nausea secondary to intracranial hypotension. Lumbar puncture yielded an opening pressure of 4 cmH2O in the lateral recumbent position, and the spinal fluid protein concentration was 56 mg/dl. There was no history of lumbar puncture or clear history of head trauma before the onset of symptoms. Spinal and cranial MRI showed no evidence of CSF leakage, and there was diffuse meningeal enhancement following gadolinium infusion. Cranial MRI showed no evidence of brain displacement due to low CSF pressure, such as tonsillar herniation. Radioisotope cisternography (RIC) showed rapid accumulation of isotope within the bladder and early disappearance of radioactivity from the head. About 2 months later the headaches resolved spontaneously, and repeated lumbar puncture yielded opening pressure elevation to 10.5 cmH2O with a decrease in protein concentration to 28 mg/dl. The abnormal MRI and RIC findings had become normal. On the other hand, the patient had a low blood concentration of vitamin A, which is thought to play some role in the production of CSF. The results of RIC suggested that the patient may have become symptomatic because of undetectable CSF leakage or hyperabsorption, but diminished production of CSF due to lower blood vitamin A concentrations may also have been a factor predisposing to this syndrome.
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PMID:[Idiopathic intracranial hypotension associated with decreased blood concentration of vitamin A]. 899 Apr 80

A 15-year-old man was admitted because of diplopia and bilateral ptosis which occurred a few days after initial clinical signs, such as fever up, nausea, vomiting and headache. His pupils were anisocoric (Rt. phi 3.5 mm < Lt. phi 6.0 mm). In his left eye, light reflex was absent and its movements were limited in all directions. Brain MRI revealed the findings of paranasal sinusitis in bilateral ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses and swelling of bilateral cavernous sinus. Combination of intravenous antibiotic therapy and drainage improved his clinical symptoms and MRI findings. It was diagnosed as the inflammation originated in the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses, which extended to the cavernous sinus and then involved III, IV, and VI cranial nerves. In conclusion, MRI was very useful to detect the cavernous sinusitis secondary to sphenoidal sinusitis.
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PMID:[A case of paranasal sinusitis-cavernous sinusitis with ophthalmoplegia externa]. 899 45

A 69-year-old man suffered from dizziness and nausea after work, and was admitted to our hospital on the next day. On admission, he showed bilateral horizontal nystagmus and left hemiparesis. On the 3rd day he vomited frequently, and the dizziness became worse. Bilateral horizontal and upward gaze palsy and bilateral facial nerve palsy were observed. Brain MRI on the 5th day disclosed bilateral upper medial medullary infarction that extended to the pontomedullary junction. Cerebral angiography on the 13th day revealed occlusion of the right vertebral artery. This case did not show typical medial medullary syndrome. The mechanism was unknown, but similar cases were reported. Recently, many cases of medullary infarction are reported with the progress of MRI technology. It is suggested that the addition of the new concepts on the conventional syndromes of medullary infarction is necessary.
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PMID:[A case of bilateral infarction of medial pontomedullary junction]. 899 47

Medial medullary infarctions (MMI) were reported in less than 40 patients with satisfactory clinicotopographic documentation. We studied seven patients with MRI-proven acute MMI seen in two neurologic departments over a 5-year period (1990-1994). MMI represented less than 1% of ischemic strokes in the posterior circulation. Five patients had an infarction above the pyramidal decussation. All patients had contralateral hemiparesis and lemniscal sensory loss, accompanied by ipsilateral lingual palsy (Dejerine's syndrome) in three. Two patients had infarction below the pyramidal decussation, with ipsilateral hemiparesis and lemniscal sensory loss. Accompanying symptoms and signs of MMI were vertigo and nausea (n = 5), mild ipsi- or contralateral decrease in pain sensation (n = 6), headache (n = 4), ipsilateral limb ataxia (n = 6), contralateral truncal lateropulsion (n = 5), mild ipsilateral ptosis (n = 4), nystagmus (n = 4), dysarthria (n = 3), and somnolence (n = 2). Presumed causes of MMI were stenosis, occlusion or dissection of the ipsilateral vertebral artery (n = 5), and cardioembolism (n = 1). Outcome at 3 months was favorable in five patients. In conclusion, the clinical features of MMI are more heterogeneous than commonly thought, whereas its etiology seems fairly constant (vertebral artery disease).
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PMID:Medial medullary stroke: report of seven patients and review of the literature. 971 65

This study concerns four cases of sinus pericranii observed at the Neurological Department of Nancy. Sinus pericranii is a direct communication between the outer surface of the skull and the intracranial venous sinuses. It may be congenital, acquired or traumatic. This abnormality, usually located in the midline and often in the frontal region, is usually symptomless, but some patients complain of headache, nausea and vertigo. Sinus pericranii shows as a fluctuating non pulsatile mass of reddish or bluish colour, expanding when the patient bends his head down. Radiography usually shows one or several bone defects opposite the lesion found at CT bone window. On soft tissue window the mass is not calcified and usually enhanced by contrast injection. It is sometimes possible to visualize the vascular communication between the extracranial region and the underlying dural sinus. When visualization is blurred, or CT shows intracerebral abnormalities, MRI examination is required. Angiography with subtraction in venous phase (40 to 60 seconds after the injection), sometimes aided by films taken in head down position. It is of interest only in cases where CT and MRI have shown associated vascular abnormalities. Otherwise, direct injection of contrast medium into the malformation makes it possible to assert the diagnosis of sinus pericranii and to determine the flow rate within the malformation, which to some extent commands the the therapeutic technique. In patients with small and asymptomatic sinus pericranii absention is the rule. When the sinus is of moderate size, and the flow rate not rapid and when there is no significant communication with the cerebral veins, endovascular sclerosis may be advocated. In all other cases, surgical removal is recommended and is usually easy.
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PMID:[Pericranial sinus]. 919 Mar 68

This trial tested the assumed efficacy and safety of external beam-radiotherapy combined with daily administration of low dose cisplatin (CDDP) (ERCLC therapy) for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Thirty adult patients with supratentorial GBM received daily postoperative treatment with low dose intravenous CDDP (4-6 mg/m2) administered 30 minutes before external irradiation. In 10 patients, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) following surgery was given prior to ERCLC therapy. Tumor response on MRI, interval to tumor progression, survival, and toxicities were analyzed. None of the patients showed a tumor response to ERCIC therapy. Overall, the median time to tumor progression was 6 months with a 1-year tumor progression-free rate of 26.7% and a 2-year rate of 0%. The median survival time was 15 months with a 1-year survival rate of 69.9% and a 2-year rate of 31.5%. The survival rate of patients with IORT was better than that of those without IORT, however, there was no significant difference. Anorexia associated with nausea occurred in 70% and general fatigue in 10.0%. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 26.7% and 33.3%, respectively. However, none of the patients had to be withdrawn from therapy due to these toxicities. Other toxicities were not observed. This clinical study showed that daily administration of low dose CDDP did not enhance tumor response to irradiation for GBM on MRI. Regarding toxicity, however, ERCLC therapy was well tolerated. Although this trial did not provide sufficient data to determine whether ERCLC therapy was effective for GBM due to the small number of patients, additional clinical trials of this therapy may be warranted because that the survival rate in this study was equal to the better results recently reported for newly diagnosed GBM.
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PMID:Clinical trial of external beam-radiotherapy combined with daily administration of low-dose cisplatin for supratentorial glioblastoma multiforme--a pilot study. 926 43

We studied clinical manifestations of sixteen patients with cerebellar infarcts diagnosed by MRI. In fourteen of them, the stroke developed abruptly with vertigo, which continued for several days. At the early stage of illness, ataxia was obscure. But after vertigo and nausea disappeared, nine cases showed truncal ataxia, while limb ataxia was found in only five. Their vertigo was rotatory and aggravated by head movement. Gaze-evoked nystagmus was observed in only 5 cases. Four patients preferred to take unilateral posture since they experienced less vertigo. The side of their lesions was the lower side of their posture. Limb ataxia was more frequent in SCA-involving cases than in SCA-non involving cases (3 out of 6 vs 2 out of 10, respectively). On the other hand, headache was more frequent in PICA-involving cases than in PICA-non-involving cases (6 out of 11 vs 1 out of 5, respectively). Ataxic gait was seen more in medial branch-involving cases than medial branch non-involving cases (5 out of 6 vs 4 out of 10, respectively). One patient died due to obstructive hydrocephalus.
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PMID:[A study of MRI and clinical neurology in acute cerebellar infarcts]. 939 54

We reported a case of long survival brain metastasis and meningeal carcinomatosis from lung cancer without radiochemotherapy. A 59-year-old female admitted to our hospital suffered from headache, anorexia and nausea. Papilledema was noticed, and examinations showed a brain tumor in the left parietal lobe and cancer cells in cerebrospinal fluid. Removal of the tumor and ventriculoperitoneal shunt were performed. Pathology showed adenocarcinoma. No neurological deficit was found during the postoperative course and the patient asked for home treatment. She survived for 25 months and spent a useful life in the 15 months after the onset in spite of no radiochemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis. In this case, because of the slow progression of the clinical symptoms, it is considered that cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid space grow slowly. The first CT and MRI findings of metastatic tumor of this case showed atypical for brain metastasis. Calcifications were found in plain CT and a high intensive tumor in both T1 and T2 weighted images of MRI. Enhancement due to contrast media was very slight in both CT and MRI. We considered that these findings were related to the slow growing of cancer cells.
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PMID:[A slowly progressed case of brain metastasis and meningeal carcinomatosis from lung cancer]. 943 Jan 51


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