Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate interactions between the opiate and adrenergic systems in healthy humans, concomitant administration of the opiate antagonist, naloxone hydrochloride, and the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, yohimbine hydrochloride, was compared with the administration of placebo and of each drug separately. A synergistic effect of the combination (larger than the sum of the effects of the two drugs separately) was observed on subject ratings of nervousness, anxiety, tremors, palpitations, nausea, hot and cold flashes, and increased plasma cortisol concentrations. In addition, following the combination, each of the male subjects studied reported a full penile erection lasting at least 60 minutes, an effect not reported when each drug was given separately. These results demonstrate that interactions between the opiate the adrenergic systems have important implications for our understanding of the cause and treatment of anxiety disorders and male impotence.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986 Nov
PMID:Alpha 2-adrenergic and opiate receptor blockade. Synergistic effects on anxiety in healthy subjects. 302 Oct 82

Munchausen's syndrome by proxy is a relatively new diagnosis for a unique form of child abuse that involves a parent who creates or feigns illness in his or her child, and presents a "sick child" to the medical profession for assessment and treatment. Typically, while creating or feigning the child's illness, the parent usually appears to be "ideal" (i.e., especially attentive, caring, supportive, and close to the medical staff). The present study assessed the effects of a suspected case of Munchausen's syndrome by proxy on 20 pediatric nurses in a large midwestern children's hospital. After the child had left the hospital, the staff was given a ten-item open-ended questionnaire covering how they felt about the case, how the case affected their interactions with other parents, and how they professionally and personally coped with the physician's presumptive diagnosis. Only 10% of the staff had had previous experience with such a case, and 55% had not even heard of such a diagnosis. More than 70% of the staff felt they were professionally and personally unprepared for the case. Their initial reaction to the suspected diagnosis ranged from shock and disbelief to nausea and anger. The majority of the staff had perceived the parent as supportive, loving, and concerned. Yet, now they were confronted with information that suggested that the parent had nearly killed the child while on the unit, in order to keep that child in the hospital. Although almost every nurse eventually accepted the diagnosis, they felt their relationships with parents in general had changed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1988 Nov
PMID:The effects of a suspected case of Munchausen's syndrome by proxy on a pediatric nursing staff. 320 82

This paper presents the usage of psychotropic drugs by all general inpatients of a Boston teaching and referral hospital on a randomly chosen weekday. Of all surveyed inpatients, 42.8% were receiving at least one psychotropic medication. Sleep medications were the most frequently prescribed class of psychotropic drugs and flurazepam was the most commonly prescribed of all drugs. Phenothiazine and neuroleptics were given to control agitation, pain, or nausea, rather than psychosis. Antidepressants were prescribed without notated justification in the medical record, and if given for depression, were underdosed. Diazepam was the most frequently prescribed antianxiety drug and was the most frequently prescribed psychotropic drug after flurazepam. Psychotropic drug polypharmacy was common, with the average patient receiving seven different drugs. Remedial approaches to this widespread problem are recommended.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1981 Mar
PMID:Psychotropic drug use and polypharmacy in a general hospital. 611 14

On May 21, 1979, an outbreak of illness spread swiftly among elementary school students in a Boston suburb. Of 224 boys and girls attending an assembly, 34 were hospitalized with severe dizziness, weakness, hyperventilation, headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. Sudden remission of symptoms, preponderance in girls, and failure of an extensive epidemiological investigation to detect an organic cause indicated mass hysteria. To test the hypothesis that previous loss influenced a child's vulnerability to current loss and predisposed that child to mass hysteria, we compared the incidence of family disruption in the hospitalized children with that in the nonhospitalized children. A significantly higher rate of parental divorce (P less than .00005) and death within the family (P less than .0005) occurred among the hospitalized children. These findings suggest a relationship between childhood loss and susceptibility to mass hysteria.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982 Jun
PMID:Mass hysteria among schoolchildren. Early loss as a predisposing factor. 709 5

1. A transient increase in plasma vasopressin concentrations represents a physiological correlate of nausea in animals that vomit. 2. The CCKA receptor antagonist devazepide has previously been shown to inhibit vasopressin release induced in pigs by intravenous (i.v.) CCK. 3. This study investigated whether devazepide (70 micrograms/kg i.v.) would affect vasopressin secretion induced in pigs (n = 6) by the emetic drug apomorphine (25 micrograms/kg i.v.). 4. Apomorphine stimulated vasopressin release in the 30 min period following injection; this effect was prevented by prior administration of devazepide. 5. The results suggest that CCKA receptor antagonists may have the ability to prevent nausea and/or emesis.
Gen Pharmacol 1994 Nov
PMID:The CCKA receptor antagonist devazepide inhibits the effect of apomorphine on vasopressin release in pigs. 789 43

During a 1-year period, neuroleptic drug utilization was assessed in nonpsychiatric departments of a Dutch university hospital in defined daily doses (DDD), DDD per 100 patients and per 100 bed days. Substantial divergence was found among the nonpsychiatric departments with respect to the quantity as well as the types of neuroleptic used, but there was no relationship between psychiatric consultations and neuroleptic use. In semistructured interviews, the senior consultant at each department stated that neuroleptics were used not only for the treatment of behavior disorders but also for nonpsychiatric indications, such as pain, nausea, and hiccups. In addition, specific neuroleptics were considered to be appropriate for the treatment of specific indications, but the doses anticipated to be effective were in many cases well below the DDDs. It is concluded that substantial quantities of neuroleptics are prescribed for nonpsychiatric use. This is remarkable, because very little is known about nonpsychiatric indications and the effects of neuroleptics, including the unwanted side effects, in patients who are somatically ill.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1994 Jan
PMID:Neuroleptic drug use in nonpsychiatric departments of a Dutch university hospital. 791 89

The symptoms of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy were described by 363 pregnant women who kept daily symptom diaries. All delivered a single live baby. The majority of information collected was prospective, with the median day from last menstrual period to initial interview by the study midwife being day 57. It was found that 80% of women had symptoms, 28% experienced nausea only, while 52% had nausea and vomiting. The mean number of days from last menstrual period to onset and cessation of symptoms was 39 and 84, respectively, and 40% of women's symptoms ended abruptly. Cessation of symptoms occurred at approximately the same day from the last menstrual period whether they had begun early or later, severely or mildly [corrected]. The median total number of hours of nausea per pregnancy in those 292 women experiencing symptoms was 56, with peak symptoms occurring in the ninth week. Eighty five per cent of women experienced days with two episodes of nausea. Fifty three per cent of episodes of vomiting occurred between 06.00 hours and 12.00 hours. The symptom complex can be defined as episodic daytime pregnancy sickness. Among the study population, 206 women were in paid employment. Seventy three of these women (35%) spent a mean of 62 hours away from their paid work because of symptoms of nausea and vomiting, showing the socioeconomic significance of this condition. The detailed information gathered should help in the investigation of the aetiology of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
Br J Gen Pract 1993 Jun
PMID:A prospective study of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. 837 48

Kombucha tea is a health beverage made by incubating the Kombucha "mushroom" in tea and sugar. Although therapeutic benefits have been attributed to the drink, neither its beneficial effects nor adverse side effects have been reported widely in the scientific literature. Side effects probably related to consumption of Kombucha tea are reported in four patients. Two presented with symptoms of allergic reaction, the third with jaundice, and the fourth with nausea, vomiting, and head and neck pain. In all four, use of Kombucha tea in proximity to onset of symptoms and symptom resolution on cessation of tea drinking suggest a probable etiologic association.
J Gen Intern Med 1997 Oct
PMID:Probable gastrointestinal toxicity of Kombucha tea: is this beverage healthy or harmful? 934 62

Alendronate is indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Although the drug has been associated with reports of severe oesophagitis, there have been no studies establishing the incidence of such reactions. Information was collected on 1523 patients included in a study conducted by means of prescription-event monitoring. Dyspepsia, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain were the most frequently reported events in the first month of treatment. After follow-up, 20 patients (1.3%) experienced oesophageal events that were considered to be possibly related to alendronate.
Br J Gen Pract 1998 Apr
PMID:United Kingdom experience with alendronate and oesophageal reactions. 966 93

Noninvasive methods advocated by some clinicians are not very successful in dealing with patient gagging, while sedation approaches run the risk of the patient aspirating foreign bodies. The P-6 Neikuan acupuncture point, located on the wrist, has been used in the Far East for thousands of years for its anti-nausea and anti-anxiety properties. In the West, it is the acupuncture point most studied. Only recently has interest been shown in the P-6 point for its possible anti-gagging effect. The anti-gagging effect of P-6 stimulation is documented in this article. The P-6 point has remarkable anti-gagging effects if stimulation is applied correctly. Clinicians may apply thumb pressure at the P-6 point to achieve some effect, although this is not as effective as acupuncture. Nevertheless, a substantial percentage of gagging patients would be able to go through dental procedures without gagging when the P-6 point is stimulated.
Gen Dent
PMID:Acupuncture/acupressure to treat gagging dental patients: a clinical study of anti-gagging effects. 1119 20


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