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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effectiveness, side effects and serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone levels were monitored in 79 women taking Anteovin for a total of 506 cycles (mean 6.4 cycles). Anteovin is a biphasic oral contraceptive with 11 tablets containing 0.05 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 10 tablets containing 0.125 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol. There were no pregnancies. 11 women dropped out because of hepatomegaly (1), bleeding disorder (3), gastric pain and nausea (1), breast pain (1), nausea and vomiting (1), and personal reasons (4). 10.3% of those continuing reported minor side effects. Menses occurred every 28 days for 3-5 days, with 2 cases of breakthrough bleeding but no oversuppression. Progesterone ranged from 1.5-2.0 nmol/1, estradiol varied between 68-93 pmol/1, LH stayed constant at 6.3-11 U/1, FSH remained at 5.8-6.8 U-1 without a peak, and prolactin levels were lower than those seen in control cycles. These hormone levels all resemble those observed in anovulatory cycles. This pill is especially suitable for teens and nulliparas.
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PMID:Clinicopharmacological examination of Anteovin. 343 59

A trial of a triphasic oral contraceptive in 13 women with polycystic- ovary syndrome is presented, backed up with data on levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone and other hormones. This illness is really a hyperandrogenic response of the ovary secondary to high gonadotropin levels and unopposed estrogens with low SHBG. Only mediocre results have been reported with low-dose oral contraceptive treatment, compared to earlier high-dose pills. The pills used here contained 50 mcg levonorgestrel (LNG) with 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE) for 6 days, 75 mcg LNG and 40 mcg EE for 5 days, and 125 mcg LNG with 30 mcg EE for 10 days. After 3 months of treatment LH levels fell from 29.7 to 3.6 mIU/m1; FSH fell from 12.3 to 2.6 mIU/m1, and the LH/FSH ratio decreased from 2.34 to 1.38. All androgens declined significantly (p0.01), into the normal range. Serum cortisol rose significantly from 16.9-36.7 mcg/100 ml. SHBG rose from 1.67-3.0 mcg/100 ml, the high limit of normal. Hirsutism and acne improved in all but 1 patient. 1 woman dropped out because of weight gain, and another because of nausea and headache. These results suggest that triphasic oral contraceptives may be safe and effective for chronic anovulatory syndrome.
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PMID:SHBG, testosterone, androstenedione, 17-OH-Progesterone plasma levels in PCO affected women treated with a triphasic oral contraceptive. 345 1

The effect of a new dopamine agonist, CU 32-085 (8 alpha-amino-ergoline), on pituitary function in acromegaly was evaluated by a controlled, single blind study of 12 acromegalics. The study included a single dose placebo/drug (0.5 mg CU 32-085) trial and a long-term crossover trial with 3 month periods (placebo/CU 32-085 8 mg daily). The patients were evaluated clinically and biochemically (oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), TRH- and LHRH-tests) before and after each 3 month period. Nine patients completed this long-term trial; one died from myocardial infarction during the placebo period, and two dropped out because of side effects. The release of GH, judged from more than 9 h suppression of serum GH following the single dose, and from the response to OGTT after the long-term treatment, was significantly inhibited by CU 32-085. Serum GH reached normal values in 4 of 9 patients. Serum PRL was also markedly suppressed, to subnormal values after the 3 months in all but one hyperprolactinemic patient. Serum TSH, cortisol, FSH and LH were generally unaffected. Glucose tolerance was not significantly altered, although an improvement was found in six of nine patients. A semiquantitative evaluation of subjective symptoms showed a significant improvement following the long-term treatment, while objective signs of acromegaly were unaffected. The blood pressure was slightly lowered, both after a single dose and after 3 months' treatment. Seven patients experienced nausea and dizziness, two of them with vomiting, after a single dose of the drug. Four of these had similar symptoms initially during the long-term treatment, which forced two to interrupt the trial. We conclude that CU 32-085 caused a marked suppression of the release of GH and PRL and an improvement of the major symptoms of acromegaly, a therapeutic effect that is comparable to the previous experience with bromocriptine.
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PMID:The effect of a new ergoline derivative, CU 32-085, in the treatment of acromegaly. A controlled study. 388 7

A depot-estrogen preparation (12.5 mg of estradiol benzoate and 10 mg of estradiol phenylpropionate in 1 ml oily solution) was used as a 'morning-after' injection (MAI) in 100 women (average age, 26 years; range, 15 to 45) within 72 hours after unprotected coitus. Venous blood samples obtained before and after drug injection were analyzed for radioimmunology measurements of plasma LH, FSH, prolactin (Prl), estradiol-17B and progesterone. In 80% of cases, unprotected coitus occurred between days 10 and 18 of the cycle. In 97.8%, MAI was administered within 48 hours after unprotected coitus. The preparation induced minimal cycle and bleeding pattern changes. 4 pregnancies were observed after MAI administration within 37 hours. However, it was found that in 1 case, pregnancy had already existed before the MAI. Thus, postcotal contraceptive efficiency of MAI was 97%, or failure rate was 3%. The side effects (eg, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, discomfort at injection site) are minimal and incidence is lower than those associated with oral postcoital estrogens. Increasing dose of injectable estrogens may result in a more acceptable failure rate.
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PMID:Postcoital contraception with an injectable estrogen preparation (Org 369 - 2). 677 52

Pergolide mesylate is a synthetic ergoline with dopamine agonist properties. The endocrine profile was studied in a double blind crossover design in six normal males. Circulating PRL, TSH, GH, LH, FSH, and cortisol were measured in the basal state and after TRH (500 micrograms iv) administration at 4.5, 11.5, and 23.5 h after placebo or pergolide (100 micrograms orally). Pergolide caused suppression of basal PRL from 2-8 ng/ml to less than 2 ng/ml commencing 60 min after administration and persisting throughout the 23.5-h study period. For the three TRH tests, a suppression of peak PRL (mean +/- SEM) response to TRH of 54.6 +/- 5.1 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.5, 45.2 +/- 4.1 vs. 4.5 +2- 0.6, and 34.4 +/- 2.9 vs. 6.9 +/- 1.4 ng/ml, respectively, for placebo and pergolide was noted. Basal TSH levels were unaffected by pergolide, but after pergolide the peak TSH response to the first two TRH challenges was blunted (placebo vs. pergolide: 12.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 6.8 +/- 1.0 and 14.8 +/- 2.0 vs. 9.6 +/- 1.0, respectively); however, the third TSH response (9.8 +/- 1.1 vs. 9.3 +/- 1.2) was not blunted after pergolide. GH secretion was stimulated by pergolide with a consistent pulse observed within 60 min of pergolide administration and an enhancement in the number and amplitude of subsequent GH pulses throughout the 24-h period. Cortisol levels rose after pergolide and returned to levels seen on the control day at 16.5 h. FSH levels were unaffected but LH levels were lowered pergolide. Side effects including nausea, vomiting, and hypotension were observed in all subjects. Pergolide is a potent dopamine agonist with the anticipated endocrine profile and clinical effects; its long duration of actions offers promise of single daily dose therapy for hyperprolactinemia.
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PMID:Pergolide mesylate: its effects on circulating anterior pituitary hormones in man. 679 9

A discussion of the side effects of hormonal oral contraceptive (OC) use is presented. Studies show that the estrogen component of OCs works to suppress the release of GRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone), reducing the serum FSH level. The gestagen component desensitizes the frontal lobe of the pituitary gland to the effect of GRH and suppresses the preovulatory LH peak. OCs can cause subjective side effects such as nausea, headache, depression, which can also be observed during placebo use. Breakthrough bleeding, spotting, silent menstruation, and post-pill amenorrhea are menstrual irregularities which can be linked to OC use; 98% of those who discontinue OC use show normal biphasic menstrual cycles 3 cycles after discontinuation. A constant increase in serum triglyceride levels, small increases in cholesterol and phospholipid levels are observed among OC users. Minor cases of hyperinsulinism are observed among OC users with no history of diabetes; glucose tolerance tests should be regularly administered to OC users who have a risk of diabetes or a history of pregnancy diabetes. Serum levels of proteins are affected by OC use, probably due to the effects of OC use on liver function. Studies have shown an increased risk of thromboembolism and circulatory disorders among OC users, especially those who are over 30 years of age or who smoke. OC use has been linked to development of benign tumors of the liver and the cervix. Gestagens appear to reduce the frequency of endometrial mitosis. Other medications, e.g. analgesics, barbituates, can reduce the effectiveness of OCs. For adolescents, sequence preparations are preferred and should be administered only after a 1 year period of regular menstruation. Thorough check-ups should be performed on OC users twice yearly, and contraindications should be scrupulously observed.
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PMID:[Effects and side effects of hormonal contraceptives]. 741 48

In an open, non-randomized prospective phase-III-study the clinical and endocrine efficacy as well as the safety of leuprorelin acetate depot (Enantone-Gyn Monats-Depot) were investigated. The therapeutic results of 198 patients, gathered from 5 university institutions and two city hospitals, are reported. Endometriosis was classified by the revised American Fertility Society score (r-AFS) before and at the end of treatment. Serum levels of LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone and leuprorelin acetate were determined by radioimmunoassay. The mean total r-AFS score changed as follows: before surgical intervention during first-look laparoscopy 21 +/- 24 at the end of first-look laparoscopy 15 +/- 19 at the end of the GnRH-treatment 8 +/- 14 During leuprorelin acetate treatment the r-AFS stages changed as follows: [table; see text] Using the scoring system 85.2% of the patients improved. Relief of dysmenorrhoea could be achieved in 95.4%, relief of dyspareunia in 64% and of pelvic pain in 69.4% of patients. Baseline hormone levels dropped sharply during treatment. [table; see text] Androstenedione, testosterone, blood pressure, body weight, haematological parameters, liver enzymes, creatinine, electrolytes and HDL-/LDL-cholesterin remained more or less unchanged. Side effects being hot flushes, sweating, sleeplessness, headache, nausea, depression and vaginal dryness were due to estradiol deprivation. In 135 patients resumption of menstruation occurred in 95.6% within the first three months post-treatment. 23 patients of whom 21 were judged as infertile, became pregnant immediately after treatment was finished. The study results confirm the efficacy of leuprorelin acetate depot in the treatment of even advanced stages of endometriosis.
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PMID:[Treatment of endometriosis with the GnRH agonist leuprorelin acetate depot (Enatone-Gyn monthly depot): a multicenter study]. 784 80

Pituitary apoplexy has been reported as a rare complication of dynamic testing used for the study of pituitary functional reserve. In 1993, a diagnosis of non-secreting macroadenoma with moderate functional hyperprolactinaemia was made in a 43-year-old woman. Soon after the start of therapy with bromocriptine up to 5 mg/die, the patient complained of nausea and postural hypotension. As the symptoms persisted even when the dose was reduced to 2.5 mg/die, the patient was transferred to therapy with quinagolide at the dosage of 37.5 microg/die. PRL levels quickly normalized (range 1.4-5.7 ng/ml) as well as menstrual cycles, and no side-effect was reported. In 1995 a sellar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no shrinkage of the known macroadenoma. In 1996, few hours after a gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH) test, which showed normal LH and FSH response and with baseline PRL levels in the normal range, the patient started complaining of severe frontal headache, nausea and vomiting. No gross visual defects were present. An emergency computed tomography (CT) showed no evident hemorrhagic infarction in the macroadenoma. The symptoms completely resolved in few days with steroidal and antiemetic therapy. A new MRI performed in 1998 showed a partial empty sella and PRL levels were in the normal range under dopaminergic treatment. The pituitary functional reserve proved normal on dynamic testing. The temporal association between the onset of symptoms and the GnRH test strongly suggests an association between the two events. No evident signs of pituitary apoplexy (either on emergency CT or hormonal evaluation) were detected. The authors suggest that GnRH can cause severe side-effects that mimic pituitary apoplexy without related morphological evidence and that, in our particular case, it can have caused the gradual disappearance of the non-secreting macroadenoma. Moreover, a causal role of the chronic dopaminergic treatment cannot be completely ruled out.
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PMID:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced partial empty sella clinically mimicking pituitary apoplexy in a woman with a suspected non-secreting macroadenoma. 1080 Jul 66

71 Egyptian women using Norplant contraceptive implants for 1 year were followed with laboratory testing of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, liver and kidney function tests, serum iron and iron binding capacity and pituitary response to GnRH. The subjects were normal, healthy fertile, non-pregnant, non-lactating women who had not used hormone for 6 months. There were no pregnancies. Most women complained of altered menstrual patterns. Some reported headache, dizziness, increased vaginal discharge, nausea, and pain at the insertion site. There was no significant change in fasting or post-prandial glucose, or kidney function. Cholesterol decreased significantly at 3 months, triglycerides fell at 3 and 12 months, and HDL rose significantly at 3 and 12 months. SGPT fell significantly at 3 and 12 months. Total protein and albumin was significantly lower at 12 months. Serum iron and total iron binding capacity were significantly elevated at 3 and 12 months. Secretion of LH and FSH fluctuated around normal limits. The lipoprotein findings are discrepant from those reported from other developing countries in Norplant trials.
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PMID:Clinical chemistry and pituitary response changes in Egyptian acceptors of L. Norgestrel six rods implants during the first year of use. 1228 53

Fulvestrant (Faslodex) is a pure anti-oestrogen that reduces markers of hormone sensitivity and proliferation in postmenopausal women with oestrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. This randomised trial compared the effects on the tumours of a single dose of 750mg fulvestrant to those of daily tamoxifen (20mg) taken 14-16 days prior to surgery in 60 premenopausal women with ER-positive primary breast cancer. There were statistically significant falls in the expression of ER and Ki67 levels compared to the baseline with both drugs. Both drugs caused a decrease in PgR expression from baseline but this was only statistically significant with fulvestrant. No statistically significant differences were seen between the two treatment groups. Fulvestrant caused an increase in circulating levels of oestradiol, irrespective of the stage of the menstrual cycle at which patients commenced treatment. No major changes were seen in LH, FSH and progesterone levels with either drug. The most common adverse events with fulvestrant were headaches, hot flushes, nausea and disturbance of menses. Contrary to previous studies with fulvestrant 250mg, these findings suggest that at a dose of 750mg fulvestrant is effective at reducing the effects of oestrogen on ER-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women.
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PMID:Effects of fulvestrant 750mg in premenopausal women with oestrogen-receptor-positive primary breast cancer. 1808 23


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