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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been associated with the use of intravenous narcotics, and nitrous oxide may worsen the emetic effects of narcotics. Alfentanil and sufentanil are two synthetic derivatives of fentanyl; alfentanil has a shorter wake-up time than fentanyl, and sufentanil is equivalent to fentanyl. In order to study comparative emetic properties of these two drugs, patients in two different cities were randomly allocated to two different groups and retrospectively compared. Group I received sufentanil N2O/O2 with 0.25% isoflurane. Group II received alfentanil N2O/O2 with 0.25% isoflurane. With group I, the overall incidence of nausea was 31% and of vomiting was 6.2%. For group II, the overall rate for nausea was 38.2% and 8.8% for vomiting. Statistically, there was no significant difference in nausea or vomiting between groups.
Mil Med 1992 Feb
PMID:The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a retrospective comparison of alfentanil versus sufentanil. 153 76

Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a protozoan that may inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. In our study we reviewed the signs and symptoms of patients at Wilford Hall with stool specimens positive for B. hominis. These patients fell into four groups, HIV-positive adults, foreign nationals, children, and adults not known to be HIV positive. B. hominis caused an acute self-limited diarrheal illness, or chronic gastroenteritis with nausea, abdominal pain, and mild diarrhea. Metronidazole effectively relieved the symptoms and cleared the organism in some but not all patients.
Mil Med 1990 Sep
PMID:Blastocystis hominis infection: signs and symptoms in patients at Wilford Hall Medical Center. 212 Jun 22

In July 1993, an outbreak of Salmonella occurred in a U.S. Army child care center in Heidelberg, Germany. Sixteen children and 4 staff members had confirmed positive cultures; the center had an average census of 135 children during the time of the outbreak. Rectal swabs were done on all the children in rooms with symptomatic children or staff or in rooms with confirmed cases. A total of 246 rectal swabs was done initially, with 216 representing paired specimens. A case was defined as a staff member, child, or family member of an ill staff member or child who attended the center with diarrhea or abdominal pain with at least one of the following symptoms: diarrhea, fever, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, vomiting, or lethargy. The attack rate for the children was 40 of 86 (47%), and the attack rate for staff was 15 of 47 (32%). No associations were found when looking at the attack rates in each of the 10 rooms in the center. Complete environmental investigation revealed that the cook was preparing food 1 day before it was served. In addition, he was running the dishwasher without a sufficient amount of soap. Although food was not available for testing, the source of the Salmonella outbreak appears to be uncooked or inadequately cooked and prepared food with some person-to-person transmission.
Mil Med 1997 Dec
PMID:Salmonella outbreak in an American child development center in Germany. 943 81

The goal of our study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of imported malaria seen at our military hospital in Hawaii. We reviewed the records of malaria cases seen from January 1, 1979, to December 31, 1995, and compared our results with published reviews from civilian hospitals in North America. Seventy-nine patients were diagnosed with malaria by blood smears. All acquired malaria abroad, mostly in southeast Asia. Sixty-seven percent of cases were vivax malaria, 22% were falciparum malaria, and 11% were caused by undetermined species. Common symptoms were fever (100%), alternate day fever (41%), rigors (91%), headache (59%), nausea (41%), fatigue (39%), dark urine (32%), and vomiting (31%). Ninety-one percent had fever during hospitalization, but 39% were afebrile on admission. Splenomegaly was detected in 49% of cases. The white blood cell count was normal in 65%, low in 31%, and elevated in 4% of cases. Other laboratory findings were anemia (58%), thrombocytopenia (74%), and mild hyperbilirubinemia (64%). Military physicians initially considered the diagnosis of malaria in only 54% of patients. The epidemiological features of our patients differ from those described in the civilian hospitals. Most of our patients were nonimmune, U.S.-born, military personnel infected in southeast Asia, whereas patients described in reviews from U.S. civilian hospitals were usually foreign-born civilians who were infected in Africa or India. The clinical features of malaria, and the problems of initial misdiagnosis in our patients, were similar to those reported from civilian hospitals. Military physicians, like their civilian colleagues, need more training and experience in malaria.
Mil Med 1998 Feb
PMID:A review of 79 patients with malaria seen at a military hospital in Hawaii from 1979 to 1995. 950 98

Four cases of splenic infarction/sequestration in sickle cell trait (SCT) patients are presented. All four patients were undergoing moderate exercise at elevations ranging from 5,500 to 12,000 feet. The patients include two African-American males, a Hispanic male, and a white female. All four presented with the acute onset of mid epigastric then left upper-quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory splinting. A review of the literature indicates that splenic infarction with SCT is not uncommon; however, not surprisingly, it is often initially misdiagnosed. This is the first report in the literature of a female with SCT incurring a splenic syndrome with exposure to terrestrial altitude. Although SCT is not a contraindication for moderate- or high-altitude activities, military physicians need to consider the diagnosis of splenic infarction early in any patient regardless of race or sex who presents with left upper-quadrant pain at altitudes above 5,000 feet. Prompt evacuation to sea level may hasten recovery and spare further splenic trauma. Although SCT should be considered a relatively benign entity, the literature also suggests a higher than average risk of sudden death in military recruits with SCT from exertional heat illness and rhabdomyolysis.
Mil Med 1999 Mar
PMID:Splenic syndrome in sickle cell trait: four case presentations and a review of the literature. 1009

This report describes a series of hyponatremia hospitalizations associated with heat-related injuries and apparent over-hydration. Data from the U.S. Army Inpatient Data System were used to identify all hospitalizations for hyposmolality/hyponatremia from 1996 and 1997. Admissions were considered as probable cases of overhydration hyponatremia if this was the only, or primary, diagnosis or if it was associated with any heat-related diagnosis. Seventeen medical records were identified, and the events leading to hospitalization were analyzed. The average serum sodium level was 122 +/- 5 mmol/L (range, 115-130 mmol/L). All 17 patients were soldiers attending training schools. Seventy-seven percent of hyponatremia cases occurred in the first 4 weeks of training. Nine patients had water intake rates equal to or exceeding 2 quarts per hour. Most patients were in good health before developing hyponatremia. The most common symptoms were mental status changes (88%), emesis (65%), nausea (53%), and seizures (31%). In 5 of 6 cases in which extensive history was known, soldiers drank excess amounts of water before developing symptoms and as part of field treatment. The authors conclude that hyponatremia resulted from too aggressive fluid replacement practices for soldiers in training status. The fluid replacement policy was revised with consideration given to both climatic heat stress and physical activity levels. Field medical policy should recognize the possibility of overhydration. Specific evacuation criteria should be established for exertional illness.
Mil Med 2001 May
PMID:Hyponatremia associated with overhydration in U.S. Army trainees. 1137 Feb 3

The general public, the mass media, and many government officials believe that the use of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) will inevitably lead to mass panic and/or mass hysteria. However, studies of disasters and wars show that disorganized flight in the presence of a real or perceived danger (i.e., mass panic) is rare. On the other hand, in a real or perceived WMD scenario, outbreaks of multiple unexplained symptoms (i.e., mass psychogenic illness, mass sociogenic illness, mass hysteria, or epidemic hysteria) may be prevalent. Many of the symptoms (fatigue, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness/lightheadedness, and anorexia) are common in combat and after toxic chemical exposure, chemical weapon exposure, prodromal infectious illness, and acute radiation sickness.
Mil Med 2001 Dec
PMID:Collective behaviors: mass panic and outbreaks of multiple unexplained symptoms. 1177 31

Pertussis, once a serious respiratory disease in children, has recently been identified as a common cause of chronic cough in adults. Military personnel are known to be vulnerable to this disease. After a training barracks exposure to pertussis, routine arrangements for contact prophylaxis with erythromycin failed. This experience is reported here as well as that of our subsequent aggressive attempts using directly observed prophylaxis (DOP) with standard erythromycin regimens. No secondary cases occurred. However, many contacts (35%) could not finish a 14-day course despite DOP, mostly because of nausea (85%) or diarrhea (72%). Seventeen (18%) soldiers missed classes because of erythromycin side effects; five required emergency department visits or hospital admission for the same. Sixteen (17%) soldiers were switched to azithromycin because of side effects; all were able to complete a 14-day course without symptoms. High adherence rates with erythromycin administration using DOP are attainable but may trigger unacceptable toxicities; alternative prophylactic regimens should be considered for active duty personnel.
Mil Med 2004 Jun
PMID:Experience with directly observed prophylaxis using erythromycin in military trainees exposed to pertussis. 1528 68

This study surveyed health care providers about their evaluation and treatment of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults. We presented two vignettes describing mild TBI cases to staff in the emergency department (N = 22) and primary care clinics (N = 16) at Wilford Hall Air Force Medical Center and asked how they would evaluate and treat these patients. Most providers said they would assess visual changes, nausea/vomiting, headache, and neck pain. More emergency department personnel than primary care clinic providers would make referrals to different specialties, whereas more primary care clinic providers would schedule a follow-up appointment. Neither group of providers mentioned assessing common postconcussive symptoms of fatigue, emotional changes, and problems sleeping. Comparing findings to current literature suggest that added focus on emotional, cognitive and psychosocial factors, and education of the patient and family could improve early identification of mild TBI patients at risk for poor recovery.
Mil Med 2006 Jun
PMID:A survey of mild traumatic brain injury treatment in the emergency room and primary care medical clinics. 1680 33

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 2-3% of the population. Enterolith formation associated with MD is a rare entity. We present the case of a 35-year-old active duty sailor who presented with a 24-hour history of worsening abdominal pain and nausea. His exam revealed lower abdominal peritonitis. An abdominal and pelvic CT scan revealed a fluid-filled structure in the pelvis adjacent to the distal small bowel with associated calcifications. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, which revealed an acutely inflamed MD associated with enterolith formation. Consideration of this condition in the differential upon presentation of an acute abdomen is essential, secondary to the morbidity that can accompany it when misdiagnosed.
Mil Med 2009 Mar
PMID:Meckel's diverticulitis with associated enterloith formation: a rare presentation of an acute abdomen in an adult. 1935 4


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