Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From December, 1985 to October, 1987, 16 patients aged from 14 to 62 (median 34) with acute leukemia in relapse (10 affected by ANLL and 6 by ALL) were treated with the following regimen: Idarubicin 12 mg/m2/day on days 1-2-3, Ara-C 600 mg/m2 twice a day from day 1 to 6. Twelve patients (75%) achieved complete remission (C.R.). Two (12%) died during the induction phase from alveolar pneumonitis. One patient was resistant. The median duration of C.R. and survival was respectively 12 (range 6 to 100 +) and 23 weeks (4 to 108 +). The median duration of granulocytopenia was 16 days (range 10 to 24 days). The most frequent non-hematological complications consisted of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis. Four patients had hepatic and splenic microabscesses of suspected mycotic etiology, and one showed a transient cardiac arrhythmia. The C.R. rate obtained in this series may be considered satisfaying since all but 3 patients were on treatment at the time of relapse. Yet the short duration of C.R. suggests the opportunity of performing consolidation cycles or suprelethal therapy followed by bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:Idarubicin combined with intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of refractory acute leukemia. 249 85

Sixteen children with refractory hematological malignancies were treated with a combination of BH.AC, aclacinomycin-A, 6-MP and predonisolone (BH-AC.AMP protocol). They were ALL(6), ANLL(8), CML(1) and NHL(1). The CR ratio was 17% in ALL, 50% in ANLL, and blast crisis of CML was treated successfully but NHL failed in the induction remission. Major complications were vomiting, nausea, gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria and hemorrhagic cystitis. More than 10 days or 120 mg/m2 administration of aclacinomycin-A was thought to induce more severe side effects.
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PMID:[BH-AC.AMP protocol in the treatment of refractory childhood acute leukemia]. 317 40

High dose Cytarabin in relapsed and refractory acute leukaemia. High dose cytarabin can be very effective for the treatment of acute leukaemia resistent to conventional cytarabin doses. Therefore 10 patients (6 males, 4 females) with ages ranging from 18 to 58 years (median: 34 years) refractory to conventional induction therapy were treated with 1 hour infusions of high dose cytarabin (3 g/m2 q 12 h for 6 days) 2 patients got additional 20 mg/m2 doxorubicin on days 7 to 9. According to this treatment, in 5 of the 10 patients complete remissions could be achieved. Without further treatment 3 patients relapsed after 4, 7 and 15 months leading to death in 2 or 3 months. 19 months after treatment 1 patient is in complete remission, though demonstrating meningosis leukaemica 5 months after high dose cytarabin. Another patient relapsed 14 months after high dose cytarabin, reaching another complete remission after treatment according to a ALL/AUL protocol [7]. 2 patients died in bone marrow aplasia and 2 patients did not show any response, dying 11 months after high dose cytarabin application. All patients demonstrated vomiting, nausea, diarrhea and allopecia. Bone marrow was profoundly depressed in all patients with severe granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia for periods from 7 to 34 days. 3 to 5 days after the end of high dose cytarabin therapy 3 patients developed acute ceratitis and 2 patients conjunctivitis. 3 patients showed erythrodermia of their skin with epidermolysis in 2 of these patients.
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PMID:[High-dose cytarabine treatment: a promising therapy modality in acute resistant myeloid leukemias in recurrence]. 388 15

Of 3 patients with adult ALL and 23 patients with NHL treated with intravenous administration of 10 mg/M2 of THP for 5 consecutive days, complete remission was observed in 3 patients and partial remission in 14. The antitumor spectrum of THP seemed to be similar to that of Adriamycin from evidence that THP was effective in patients with NHL of diffuse large and mixed cell type. Neither cardiotoxicity nor alopecia was noticed. Anorexia, nausea or vomiting was mild but granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were severe in the patients with ALL and leukemic type NHL. Further studies are required for determining cross resistance to other anthracyclines and an optimal dose schedule.
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PMID:[Effects of single administration of tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in lymphoid malignancy]. 658 24

Rubidazone was administered to 24 children with advanced solid tumors or leukemia. The dose ranged from 80 to 150 mg/m2/IV daily to a total dose of 160 to 450 mg/m2/course. This course was repeated at intervals of approximately three weeks. Eighteen of 24 patients (75%) had received adriamycin and daunomycin as part of prior chemotherapy. The major toxic effects observed were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, mucositis, and skin rash. Four patients developed abnormal echocardiograms following the rubidazone therapy, 2 manifested clinical cardiac failure, of which one had anthracycline cardiomyopathic changes on autopsy. One of 7 adequately treated ALL patients achieved M2 marrow and improved peripheral counts for 3 weeks. One of the 2 neuroblastoma patients had subjective improvement of bone pain for 2 months. Rubidazone, in a previous heavily treated group of patients used in this study, had dosages of 360 and 450 mg/m2 which produced marrow hyperplasia to aplasia, with only minimal responses.
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PMID:Phase I trial of rubidazone (NSC 164011) in children with cancer. 726 27

Twenty two patients with acute relapsed leukemia (AML 20, ALL 2) were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) and either m-amsacrine or idarubicin. DAC was administered as a 6-h infusion, every 12 h for 6 days in combination with either m-amsacrine (120 mg/m2) as a 1-h infusion on days 6 and 7 (n = 19) or idarubicin (12 mg/m2) as a 15-min infusion on days 5, 6 and 7 (n = 3). Thirteen patients (59%) achieved a complete remission. The treatment was complicated by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea with signs of peritonitis (n = 9), weight loss (n = 7), cerebellar or cerebral toxicity (n = 2), gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 3), liver toxicity (n = 2) and prolonged myelosuppression. Median duration of remission was 4 months (range 1-30). The preliminary data show that DAC is an anti-leukemic agent, comparable to high dose Ara-C with comparable severe toxicity.
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PMID:Preliminary results with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC)-containing chemotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia. The EORTC Leukemia Cooperative Group. 768 57

Twenty-four patients with a variety of malignant diseases (13 lymphoma, 4 myeloma, 1 ALL, 6 solid tumours) were treated with the alkylating agents busulphan and melphalan as a preparative regimen for autologous BMT. Thirteen males and 11 females, aged 27-53 years (median 39.5 years) received oral busulphan 1 mg/kg q6 h on days -6 to -3, followed by i.v. melphalan 140 mg/m2 on day -2 and infusion of cryopreserved haemopoietic cells on day 0. The major toxicity seen was gastrointestinal with nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea in 17 patients and severe mucositis in 22. There was no evidence of cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, haemorrhagic cystitis or clinical signs of hepatic veno-occlusive disease. Twenty-three patients engrafted with the median duration of neutropenia (< 0.05 x 10(9)/l) 10 days (range 5-63 days) and thrombocytopenia (< 50 x 10(9)/l) 43 days (range 5-350 days). Three patients died of transplant-related complications. Of 15 evaluable patients with active disease at BMT, 9 responded and 6 were refractory. Sixteen evaluable patients were in CR after BMT. Seven relapsed, 1 died in remission and 8 remain in CR 12-46 months (median 29 months) later. Of the group of 13 lymphomas, overall and relapse-free actuarial survival at 36 months was 64% and 58%, respectively, while for the entire group of 24 patients these values were 39% and 34%. Busulphan and melphalan is a safe and inexpensive conditioning regimen for autologous BMT with acceptable toxicity and substantial antitumour activity particularly against lymphomas.
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PMID:Busulphan and melphalan prior to autologous bone marrow transplantation. 827 31

We have retrospectively reviewed the ability to safely deliver total body irradiation (TBI) in the outpatient setting in 10 pediatric patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. Patients had a median age of 14 years (range 9-17 years) with diagnoses that included ALL in second remission, AML in second remission, myelodysplastic syndrome, Ewing's sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. Patients received a total of 1375 cGy or 1440 cGy given in a hyperfractionated schedule (11 or 12 fractions) over a 4-day period. All children were seen in the outpatient clinic daily during TBI and all were housed within a 20 mile radius of our institution during this period. Eight patients achieved good control of nausea and emesis with ondansetron alone while two patients required ondansetron and diphenhydramine. Nine patients received some form of intravenous hydration during this period (hyperalimentation, fluid boluses in clinic, or night-time intravenous fluids). One patient maintained good hydration with oral intake alone. Only one child required admission during this period for persistent nausea and vomiting despite antiemetics and intravenous fluids. A cost approximation suggests that TBI delivered in the outpatient setting resulted in a saving of approximately $2400 per patient. We conclude that TBI administered to children and adolescents in the outpatient setting can be a safe and cost-effective practice.
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PMID:Outpatient total body irradiation for pediatric patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. 919 47

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is considered a useful procedure for evaluating the intracranial diseases. Leukemic infiltration in either the oculomotor or trigeminal nerve is rarely seen by MRI. We herein describe the diagnostic assessment and outcome of an adult patient suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L2, FAB). An 18-year-old female was suspected to have ALL. She complained of nausea, vomiting, and double vision for a month, and further examination was required. Fiber gastroscope examination revealed no abnormal lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, a plain brain CT indicated no abnormalities in the brain. However, examination of a Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI and the liquor revealed that she had leptomeningeal leukemia with oculomotor and trigeminal nerve infiltration. Systemic administration of methotrexate (MTX) and cytarabine, and intrathecal injection of MTX were partially effective. Repeated Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI showed the shrinkage and reduced enhancement of oculomotor and trigeminal nerve, parallel to the improvement in the liquor. This case demonstrates the importance of MRI not only in the evaluation of therapy, but also in the early diagnosis of central nervous system leukemia.
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PMID:[Oculomotor nerve and trigeminal nerve involvement demonstrated by Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report]. 1055 23

L-asparaginase is widely used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adults. Use of L-aspa E. Coli as well as Erwinase is not possible in all cases because of the side effects, mainly allergic reactions and disfunction of pancreas. Recently, the new form of the enzyme PEG-L-asparaginase was introduced. Binding L-asparaginase E. coli to polyethylene glycol a decreased its toxicity, extended its plasma half-live, not significantly affecting the efficacy. The aim of the study was to examine the results of PEG-L-asparaginase administration in five children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the symptoms of intolerance to L-aspa E. Coli or Erwinase. There were three children with newly diagnosed ALL and two children with first relapse of ALL, treated according to New York Protocol and BFM-90 Protocol for ALL relapses respectively. PEG-L-asparaginase (Oncaspar) was administered in the dose of 2500 IU/m2. According to the protocol four children received 11 courses of treatment with the full dose of the drug. The number of doses for individual patient varied from one to six. The short-lived nettlerash was observed in one patient during two subsequent infusions of the drug. Hydrocortisone and antihistamine drugs were administered. Treatment with PEG-asparaginase was discontinued in one child, who developed dyspnea, nausea, vomiting and face rash during the third dose of the drug. Oncaspar is the valuable drug, which enabled continuation of treatment according to protocol in four out of five children with bad tolerance to routinely used L-asparaginase preparations.
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PMID:[New possibilities of treatment with PEG-L-asparaginase in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia sensitized to l-asparaginase E.coli and erwinase]. 1073 74


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