Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is a retrospective study covering the ten-year period 1984-1993. Single shot spinal morphine (ITM) is compared with PCA nalbuphine for postoperative pain relief in children having abdominal or thoracic procedures. The records of 52 patients meeting selection criteria were examined. Nursing and physician notations were reviewed for hourly pain assessments, evidence of associated complications, respiratory depression, nausea and or vomiting, pruritus, and urinary retention. ITM provided significantly better pain relief (2.2 h in pain) during the first 24 h postoperatively than PCA nalbuphine (9.2 h in pain). With the exception of urinary retention which was significantly more frequent following ITM (58.6%) compared to PCA nalbuphine (8.7%), narcotic related complications were not different between the two groups. No difference in duration of hospital stay or ICU stay could be demonstrated. We conclude that ITM provides better pain relief, without more serious complications, than PCA nalbuphine. We recommend it as a safe, effective technique to treat postoperative pain in children following thoracic or upper abdominal procedures.
 ...
PMID:Intrathecal morphine (ITM) for postoperative pain control in children: a comparison with nalbuphine patient controlled analgesia (PCA). 748 38

Postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is severe, and achieving adequate analgesia remains a clinical challenge. We tested the hypothesis that, in patients having unilateral TKA under intrathecal (IT) anesthesia, the addition of a femoral nerve block would provide superior analgesia when compared with IT morphine and demonstrate fewer adverse side effects. In a single-blinded and controlled trial, 41 ASA I-III patients undergoing unilateral TKA were randomized into 2 groups. Both groups received 15 mg of IT hyperbaric bupivacaine for the surgical anesthetic. Group ITM received 250 microg of IT morphine and group FNB received an ultrasound-assisted femoral nerve block with 40 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine, 5 microg/mL of epinephrine, and 75 microg of clonidine. At 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively, we measured visual analog scales for pain, cumulative IV morphine consumption, hemodynamics, and side effects. There were no statistically significant differences in morphine consumption, pain at rest, or pain with movement. However, group FNB had fewer perioperative side effects including nausea, vomiting, and pruritus (P < 0.05 for each event). This corresponded to a decrease in patient satisfaction in group ITM, in which 20% of the patients rated their experience as "unsatisfactory" (P < 0.05). We conclude that, in comparison with IT morphine, a single injection femoral nerve block provides equivalent analgesia but with a significant reduction in side effects for patients having TKA under bupivacaine intrathecal anesthesia.
 ...
PMID:A single injection ultrasound-assisted femoral nerve block provides side effect-sparing analgesia when compared with intrathecal morphine in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. 1550 61

Subarachnoid block is a widely used technique for cesarean section. Opioids adding to the local anesthetics can improve its quality. In this prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled trial, we compared the effects of coadministration of intrathecal sufentanil and morphine with intrathecal sufentanil and a single administration of subcutaneous morphine. Sixty-four pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were assigned to two groups according to the way of administration of morphine: intrathecal sufentanil (5 microg) plus intrathecal morphine (150 microg) (ITM group), and intrathecal sufentanil (5 microg) plus single administration of 10 mg subcutaneous morphine (SCM group). In both groups, the local anesthetic used was hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5 percent (10 mg). Both groups received 1 g acetaminophen every 6 hours. In the postoperative period, pain was recorded on a 0-100 visual analog scale (VAS) and intravenous tramadol (100 mg) was administered if VAS score was >40 mm. Collateral effects, such as nausea, itching, respiratory depression, and sedation were assessed. VAS scores at rest and on coughing were significantly higher in the SCM group than in the ITM group between 3 and 24 hours. The mean titrated dose of tramadol consumed was also significantly greater in the SCM group than in the ITM group (p < 0.05). The time to first administration of tramadol was lower in the SCM group versus the ITM group (p < 0.05). The incidence of nausea was significantly lower in the SCM group than in the ITM group (p < 0.05). There was no significant group difference in the incidence of pruritus (p > 0.05). In conclusion, coadministration of sufentanil and morphine into the subarachnoid space was effective and provided longer pain relief than intrathecal sufentanil plus a single injection of subcutaneous morphine, despite a higher incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting.
 ...
PMID:Safety and effectiveness of coadministration of intrathecal sufentanil and morphine in hyperbaric bupivacaine-based spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. 1973 99