Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

(1) Cabergoline, a dopamine agonist already marketed in about 40 countries, is indicated in France for the treatment of hyperprolactinaemia (idiopathic or caused by a pituitary microadenoma). The reference drug in this setting is bromocriptine. (2) The clinical file on cabergoline is methodologically sound, albeit limited mainly to women with amenorrhoea. (3) Two partially blinded comparative trials have shown that cabergoline is significantly more effective than bromocriptine in restarting ovulatory cycles with menstruation. (4) In these trials the incidence of nausea was significantly lower on cabergoline than on bromocriptine. Other adverse events seem to be equally frequent with the two drugs. (5) Cabergoline is effective when taken once or twice a week, while bromocriptine needs to be taken several times a day.
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PMID:Cabergoline and hyperprolactinaemia: new preparation. Better than bromocriptine. 1150 93

We report a pregnant woman with a large macroprolactinoma successfully treated with cabergoline after a suboptimal response to bromocriptine. A 7 week pregnant woman with a history of a prolactinoma presented to the endocrine clinic with the complaints of headaches and nausea. She had a prolactin level of 65 microg/L 1 1/2 weeks following her last menstrual period. Bromocriptine was discontinued at 6 weeks gestation when pregnancy was confirmed. A PRL concentration was 1899 microg/L (non-pregnant normal range 1.39-24.20 microg/L, the mean peak levels during pregnancy reported from the literature are 200-210 microg/L) at 7 weeks gestation, and a repeat was 2197 microg/L. An MRI showed a 3 x 2.2 x 2.5 cm seller mass abutting the optic chiasm and displacing the optic nerves superiorly; the visual field testing was normal. Bromocriptine was reinitiated and the patient responded initially with decreasing headaches and declining PRL concentrations to 1488 microg/L at 15 weeks gestation. However, PRL increased to 1836 microg/L at 16 weeks and remained elevated despite bromocriptine 2.5 mg three times a day; in addition, she complained of severe nausea, vomiting, and persistent headaches. Cabergoline was added at 18 weeks gestation. PRL decreased dramatically from 1710 to 859 microg/L in 1 week, and to 488 microg/L within 4 weeks. A repeat MRI showed more than 30% reduction in tumor size. Bromocriptine was discontinued at 24 weeks gestation; she was maintained on cabergoline 0.5 mg twice a week without complaints. PRL levels ranged from 190 to 278 microg/L during the last 10 weeks of pregnancy. She had a C-section electively at 37 weeks gestation and delivered a healthy baby. Management options in this patient and during pregnancy are discussed.
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PMID:Successful treatment of a large macroprolactinoma with cabergoline during pregnancy. 1213 91

In this 12-wk, multi-center, randomized, open-label, rater-blinded study, efficacy and tolerability of Entacapone (ENT) or Cabergoline (CBG) in conjunction with levodopa were compared in 161 older Parkinson's disease patients with wearing-off. Patients received either ENT, 3 to 5 times daily, or CBG, titrated according to requirements to a maximum of 6 mg/d. A significant decrease of nearly 2 hours in the daily OFF-time (primary efficacy variable) was recorded in both treatment groups. The non-inferiority test failed despite a trend in favor of ENT. Reduction in OFF-time occurred faster in the ENT compared to the CBG treated patients. A decrease of approximately 20% was detected in parts II and III of the UPDRS, with no differences between the groups. Forty-three percent of the patients in the ENT group reported dyskinesias at baseline, and 35% at the final visit. The corresponding figures in the CBG group were 46% and 43%. Quality of life, measured by PDQ-39, increased substantially with both ENT and CBG. The mean daily dosage at the final visit was 698 mg for ENT (plus 447 mg levodopa) and 3.45 mg for CBG (plus 475 mg levodopa). Adverse events (AE), leading to discontinuation, were reported in 8.5% of the ENT and 13.9% of the CBG treated patients. Nausea was the most common AE in each group, corresponding figures being 7.3% with ENT and 25.3% with CBG (P=0.0024). A probable or possible causal relationship with ENT was reported in 41% and with CBG in 64% of the AE. Among these, only one serious AE (dehydration) was recorded with each treatment group. ENT and CBG reduced the patient's motor complications effectively and to a similar degree. The clinical benefit was more quickly apparent with ENT, which also showed a more favorable AE profile than CBG.
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PMID:Efficacy and tolerability of Entacapone versus Cabergoline in parkinsonian patients suffering from wearing-off. 1751 84

Prolactinomas are common pituitary tumors that can cause gonadal dysfunction and infertility related to hyperprolactinemia. Dopamine agonists are the first-line treatment in these patients. Cabergoline leads to significant reduction in serum prolactin levels and tumor size in patients with prolactinoma. Dopamine agonists have been associated with adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting and psychosis. We report here a case with cabergoline-induced immune hemolytic anemia. The patient had cabergoline treatment history for prolactinoma and presented with weakness, fatigue, nausea, and paleness. Laboratory findings revealed severe anemia-related immune hemolysis. There were no causes identified to explain hemolytic anemia except cabergoline. Therefore, cabergoline therapy was stopped and subsequently hemolytic anemia resolved and did not occur again. This is the first reported pediatric case with prolactinoma and cabergoline-induced hemolytic anemia. Clinicians should be watchful for this rare side effect induced by cabergoline.
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PMID:The first report of cabergoline-induced immune hemolytic anemia in an adolescent with prolactinoma. 2394 26


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