Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective, randomized three-arm trial is presented of 150 consecutive patients attending for double-contrast barium enema (BE). This compares 'Picolax' (a combined stimulant and osmotic agent), 'Picolax' following a 3 day low-residue diet and 'Kleen-Prep' (a polyethylene-glycol osmotic agent). Faecal clearance, mucosal coating and colon fluid were scored in four colonic segments by two radiologists working independently and blinded to the preparation used. Analyses of an elderly subgroup and of side effects was performed. Low-residue diet conferred no benefit to Picolax preparation, which was satisfactory (ability to exclude 5 mm polyps) in 80% of patients. Kleen-Prep failed to achieve adequate preparation in 46%, due to excess fluid and poor mucosal coating. Kleen-Prep caused more patient nausea, abdominal bloating and pain than Picolax. Patients 70 years and older had similar results. Low-residue diet need not be used in addition to Picolax. Kleen-Prep as a single agent is not recommended for BE preparation.
 ...
PMID:Barium enema preparation: a study of low-residue diet, "Picolax' and 'Kleen-Prep'. 882 25

Case 1, a 9-year-old woman, was admitted to our hospital because of nausea, vomiting, and epigastralgia. Diagnosis of Bochdalek hernia was made by the unusual course of naso-gastric tube. At surgery through the left posterorateral thoracotomy, the herniation of the stomach, small intestine, and colon to the thoracic cavity through the dorsolateral defect of the diaphragm were revealed. Case 2, a 35-year-old man, was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea. Similar diagnosis was made by the examination of upper G1 series and barium enema, which demonstrated the presence of multiple loops of the small intestine and colon in the left thoracic cavity. Their postoperative courses were uneventful. Most of Bochdalek hernia is observed in infancy, and adolescent or adult case is is rarely reported (approximately 10% of all cases). Since this often misdiagnosed as pleuritis or pulmonary tuberculosis, a cautious examination is necessary for the establishment of the correct diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of the congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia were reported]. 899 51

Establishing the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the distal duodenum is often difficult based on findings on barium radiography and routine endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A characteristic manometric pattern of simultaneous, prolonged contractions of the small intestine after a meal has been associated with mechanical obstruction of the small intestine. Herein we describe a 68-year-old woman who had a 4-month history of nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Findings on endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract and a barium contrast examination of the stomach, duodenum, and small bowel were interpreted as normal. A radionuclide scan suggested mildly delayed gastric emptying. Gastroduodenal manometry revealed high-amplitude, simultaneous contractions in the third and fourth portions of the duodenum but not in the jejunum, findings highly suggestive of a mechanical obstruction in the distal duodenum. At laparotomy, an obstructing adenocarcinoma of the duodenum proximal to the ligament of Treitz was resected. Subtle abnormalities were detected retrospectively on the barium contrast study of the small bowel. In patients with features suggestive of intestinal obstruction, gastroduodenal manometry may be helpful in distinguishing mechanical causes from pseudo-obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Duodenal obstruction: diagnosis by gastroduodenal manometry. 903 45

Gut lavage by ingestion of large volumes of electrolyte solutions has been shown to be an effective method of cleansing the colon before colonoscopy, barium enema or surgery. Absorption of water and electrolytes, which might be hazardous to patients who are unable to readily excrete an additional sodium and/or water load, is prevented by addition of non-absorbable substances to the solutions, but systematic studies are lacking. We have evaluated the influence of three solutions for gut lavage with different electrolyte composition (sodium concentration 67 mmol/l and 125 mmol/l) and addition of different non-absorbable substances (mannitol and polyethylene glycol [PEG]) on water and electrolyte homeostasis and subjective tolerance, both in healthy volunteers and in patients before endoscopy of the colon. In a randomized, blind study 6 liters of the three solutions were administered via a nasogastric tube to 6 healthy volunteers during 4 hours (i.e. 1.5 l/h). Body weight, serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and of phosphate were measured before infusion of the solution and after the last rhythmic rectal effluent. No significant changes were observed in any of the studied parameters and the incidence of side effects (nausea, abdominal cramps) was comparable. In an additional clinical double blind study, 26 patients before diagnostic colonoscopy were asked to drink 4 liters of the gut lavage solutions as quickly as possible in order to clean out the colon. The time for drinking was significantly shorter in patients using the mannitol and low sodium solution (204 +/- 70 minutes) than in patients drinking the solution with polyethylene glycol and a high sodium concentration (387 +/- 137 minutes). There was a tendency to a longer drinking period in patients ingesting the solution with polyethylene glycol and low sodium (306 +/- 106 minutes). Thus, the acceptance for solutions containing polyethylenglycol and high sodium concentration is reduced because of low palatibility. Again no influence on serum electrolyte concentrations or body weight could be observed in any patient, the spectrum of side effects was similar and the cleansing effect of all three solutions was adequate. In conclusion solutions for gut lavage containing a balanced electrolyte concentration and nonresorbable substances such as mannitol or polythylenglycol are equivalent. However, solutions containing mannitol and a low sodium concentration are better tolerated by the patients but the use of mannitol is limited because of the risk of releasing explosive gases during interventional endoscopy. To enhance the acceptance and palatibility of solutions for gut lavage containing polethylenglycol the addition of flavoured substances is recommended.
 ...
PMID:[Intestinal lavage solution for orthograde intestinal irrigation]. 917 64

A 38-year-old female was admitted to Shonai Hospital with severe abdominal pain and nausea after playing at a tug of war in the athletic meeting. The X-ray film showed air above the left diaphragm, and CT scan and barium enema revealed the incarcerated transverse colon to the left thoracic cavity. Operation was performed through a thoracotomy. Because of no evidence of trauma, the case was diagnosed as adult Bochdalek hernia. Repair could be done by direct suture and her postoperative course was uneventful.
 ...
PMID:[Adult bochdalek hernia after playing at a tug of war]. 933 May 23

We report herein the extremely unusual case of a 71-year-old woman with signet-ring cell carcinoma of the ileum. She originally presented with a 6-month history of intermittent nausea and abdominal distention, but initial examinations, including gastrointestinal fiberscopy, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT) scan, failed to reveal any cause of her symptoms. A barium-enema study performed 11 months after her initial visit demonstrated a narrow portion of the terminal ileum. An ileocecal resection was subsequently performed, and an epigastric subcutaneous tumor was simultaneously excised. The specimen contained a tumor with a stenotic lumen resembling a "lead pipe", an ulcerative portion, and mucosa with a granular appearance adjoining its proximal site. Many small aphthous lesions with IIa + IIc appearance were seen in the apparently normal mucosa. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of signet-ring cell carcinoma. The small aphthous lesions seemed to be metastases spread via the lymphatic vessels. Our review of the medical literature revealed three cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the jejunum; however, this is the first reported case of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the ileum.
 ...
PMID:Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the ileum: report of a case and review of the Japanese literature. 985 26

Cholecystoenteric fistula is a rare complication of biliary tract diseases. The symptoms are abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, fat intolerance, diarrhoea and weight loss. The fistula may often be asymptomatic for a long time. We report a 76-year-old woman with a cholecystocolic fistula between the gallbladder and the right flexure of the colon. The symptoms were persistent right upper quadrant pain and diarrhoea. Barium enema demonstrated the fistula. The patient was treated with an open cholecystectomy and a resection of the fistula.
 ...
PMID:[Spontaneous cholecystocolic fistula]. 1064 66

An extensive Medline search revealed no documentation in the literature regarding staple-line disruption of a vertical banded gastroplasty after blunt abdominal trauma. A 41-year-old woman with a past surgical history significant for a vertical banded gastroplasty 13 months ago was admitted to our hospital one week after an episode of blunt trauma to the abdomen. The patient presented with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia after the incident. The suspected diagnoses were stenosis of the stoma due to hematoma after the blunt trauma as well as staple-line dehiscence. A partial disruption of the vertical staple-line was identified by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and barium swallow.
 ...
PMID:Vertical banded gastroplasty staple-line dehiscence after blunt trauma to the abdomen. 1071 48

We report a patient with chronic hepatitis C who developed eosinophilic enteritis while being treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2b. He had no history of either allergic disorders or recurring episodes of abdominal cramps, nausea, or diarrhea. He also had had a normal eosinophil count prior to the interferon treatment. After a 12-week course of interferon alpha-2b, he began to complain of severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, and abdominal fullness. His peripheral eosinophil count increased to 45% (absolute count, of 7,610/microl). Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed diffuse thickness of the intestinal wall with gross ascites that contained numerous eosinophils. An upper gastrointestinal barium study with small bowel follow-through showed an edematous mucosal layer of the jejunum and ileum. There was a spectacular relief of the patient's subjective symptoms after the administration of prednisolone. Follow-up studies revealed resolution of the ascites and the mucosal layer edema and normalization of the peripheral eosinophil count. Prednisolone was tapered off, but the eosinophilic enteritis did not recur. As there had been no evident exposure to common causative factors for eosinophilic enteritis, we suggest that interferon alpha-2b could thus have played a role in the triggering of the eosinophilic enteritis.
 ...
PMID:Eosinophilic enteritis observed during alpha-interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C. 1090 64

Gastric carcinoma is an extremely rare cancer in children. A case is presented of a 9-year-old boy admitted to The University Hospital Brno with a 4-month history of abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. Several of his family members died from or have been treated for cancer. Barium meal examination performed 2 months prior to admission was nondiagnostic. When gastroendoscopy, laparoscopy, and abdominal computer tomography scan were performed, the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the stomach was established. The patient died 10 days after admission because of rapid cancer spread. Miliary metastases of the peritoneum, mesenterium, omentum, liver, bowels, lungs, heart, bone marrow, and skin were found. No penetration through the hematoencephalic barrier was noticed.
 ...
PMID:Gastric carcinoma in a 9-year-old boy. 1098 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>