Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is a report of a hemifacial spasm associated with a cerebellar hematoma. A 60 year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to severe vertigo and nausea. On admission, the neurological examination showed drowsy conscious level, cerebellar sign dominant on the left side, and left hemifacial spasm. CT scans disclosed a large hematoma in the left cerebellar hemisphere. An angiography revealed a dominant left PICA, but showed neither vascular malformation nor aneurysm. An emergency removal of the hematoma was carried out by using suboccipital craniectomy. Three days after the surgery, the patient's left hemifacial spasm disappeared completely. She had never suffered from left hemifacial spasm prior to this cerebellar bleeding. The hemifacial spasm was thought to be due to either the compression of the left facial nerve by the PICA which had been displaced by the cerebellar hematoma, or to the fact that the nucleus of the left facial nerve might have been stimulated by the hematoma, and the hemifacial spasm might have been caused as a result of the stimulation. The total removal of the hematoma and the postoperative CSF leakage might have decompressed the facial nerve. It was considered that this might be similar to microvascular decompression.
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PMID:[A case of hemifacial spasm associated with a cerebellar hematoma]. 784 13

Preclinical studies of recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) have shown enhancement of multilineage hematopoiesis when administered sequentially. This study was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and biologic effects of sequential administration of rhIL-3 and rhGM-CSF after marrow ablative cytotoxic therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for patients with malignant lymphoma. Thirty-seven patients (20 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 17 patients with Hodgkin's disease) received one of four different treatment regimens before ABMT. Patients were entered in one of four study groups to receive rhIL-3 (2.5 or 5.0 micrograms/kg/day) administered by subcutaneous injection for either 5 or 10 days starting 4 hours after the marrow infusion. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of rhIL-3, rhGM-CSF (250 micrograms/m2/d as a 2-hour intravenous infusion) administration was initiated. rhGM-CSF was administered daily until the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was > or = 1,500/microL for 3 consecutive days or until day 27 posttransplant. The most frequent adverse events in the trial included nausea, fever, diarrhea, mucositis, vomiting, rash, edema, chills, abdominal pain, and tachycardia. Three patients were removed from the study because of chest, skeletal, and abdominal pain felt to be probably related to study drug. Four patients died during the study period because of complications unrelated to either rhIL-3 or rhGM-CSF. The median time to recovery of neutrophils (ANC > or = 500/microL) and platelets (platelet count > or = 20,000/microL) was 14 and 15 days, respectively. There were fewer days of platelet transfusions than seen in historical control groups using rhGM-CSF, rhG-CSF, or rhIL-3 alone. In addition, there were fewer days of red blood cell transfusions compared with historical controls using no cytokines or rhGM-CSF. These data indicate that the sequential administration of rhIL-3 and rhGM-CSF after ABMT is safe and generally well-tolerated and results in rapid recovery of multilineage hematopoiesis.
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PMID:Sequential administration of recombinant human interleukin-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after autologous bone marrow transplantation for malignant lymphoma: a phase I/II multicenter study. 791 29

Postlumbar puncture syndrome (PPS) is caused by continuous leakage of CSF through the dural puncture defect. While it has long been known that the symptoms are dependent on the diameter of the puncture needle, the influence of the needle point on the frequency of PPS has now also been examined. Following diagnostic and/or therapeutic lumbar puncture (LP) with Sprotte's "atraumatic" needle, the symptoms in 600 patients during a period of 8 days were recorded. In 92% of the patients LP involved no problems. In 7% the puncture was successful only at the second or third attempt. In 4 cases it was necessary to carry out the procedure under X-ray control. While the literature shows that PPS following lumbar puncture with a 21 G needle occurs in 30-40% of cases, only 3.6% of the patients complained about position-dependent headaches where the Sprotte needle was used. Nausea, dizziness and tinnitus were extremely rare (< 1%).--The "atraumatic" puncture needle reduces the frequency and the degree of PPS to the minimum and makes the lumbar puncture procedure possible on an outpatient basis.
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PMID:[Lumbar puncture--the post-puncture syndrome. Prevention with an "atraumatic" puncture needle, clinical observations]. 825 81

A 32-year-old man developed a rash on his body and extremities following acute fever of a few days duration, and also noticed pain and spontaneous tingling sensations in his lower extremities. Because severe pneumonia with dyspnea and low arterial blood oxygen concentration were found on examination, he was admitted and treated. After recovering from pneumonia in two months, he complained of abdominal symptoms, such as constipation, nausea and vomiting, spontaneous tingling sensations in the lower extremities, and orthostatic dizziness and fainting. On neurological examination, a mild to moderate muscle weakness was found in the distal muscles of both extremities. The ankle jerk was absent. Both superficial and deep sensations were moderately to severely decreased in the feet with positive Romberg's sign. Constipation and vomiting with nausea were noted. Clinical and laboratory examinations revealed marked orthostatic hypotension and hypohidrosis. Motor and sensory conduction studies indicated the presence of axonal degeneration and segmental demyelination and remyelination in the limbs nerves. CSF examination indicated that protein was 150 mg/dl and the cell count to be 18/mm3. Titer of antibody to rubella virus was significantly elevated. There were no other abnormalities to indicate the cause of motor, sensory and autonomic neuropathies. Therefore, the diagnosis of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances after rubella infection, which is rare in the literature, was made.
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PMID:[A case of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances following rubella infection]. 826 90

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is caused by an alteration of urea synthesis, linked with partial modification of the X-chromosome, whose clinical manifestations are: lethargy, nausea, vomiting and cerebral edema. While in newborn males OTCD presents with hyperammoniemia leading to cerebral palsy with profound neurological impairment and eventually death, in women who are healthy carriers, it is possible to detect the disorder only through specific tests, since heterozygote women are rarely symptomatic. We describe the case of a young woman admitted to the hospital after an episode of mental confusion with vomiting and psychomotor restlessness, which had previously occurred several times during the premenstruum and lasted a few hours. A 2 day history of stupor made admission mandatory. Tests carried out during the hospital stay showed marked hyperammoniemia and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, marked cerebral edema documented by a CT scan. Liver biopsy and CSF test were normal. Screening of plasma and urinary aminoacids, level of orotic acid in the urine and OTC activity in the liver, confirmed the diagnosis of OTCD. The possibility of early diagnosis and therapy of a disease which otherwise leads to death, emphasizes the importance of precise evaluation of a possible organic cause of anorexia and behaviour disorders in young women.
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PMID:Hyperammoniemic coma in an adolescent girl: an unusual case of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. 828 23

EAP therapy was performed on 30 cases of advanced or recurrent gastric cancer between September 1987 and July 1991. The clinical responses of 15 trial patients were evaluated. The overall response rate was 40.0% (CR, one case; PR 5 cases). The results were thus not as favorable as that reported by Preusser et al. On the contrary, with such a poor response rate, this treatment did not lead to a prolonged life span (mean survival time; 5.6 months, median survival time; 4 months). Side effects, such as myelosuppression, appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and alopecia, were also observed. Myelosuppression was a dose-limiting factor. The rhG-CSF proved in 4 cases to be a clinically useful tool against the neutropenia induced by this treatment. It may be concluded that EAP should be given to the following selected patients: (1) those whose condition is not so far advanced: (2) those who have not received many other forms of treatment; and (3) those in excellent general physical condition.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the combination of chemotherapy with etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (EAP) in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer]. 847 Sep 18

A case of cerebral cysticercosis is reported in a 49-year-old female who presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting. Lumbar CSF showed the findings of mild aseptic meningitis. CT scan revealed an enlargement of the left ambient cistern and a small cystic lesion in the left frontal cortex. MRI demonstrated multilobular cysts in the left ambient cistern with enhancement of their capsules, which compressed and distorted the midbrain. The cysts were surgically excised, and histological examination of the specimen disclosed characteristic features of cysticercus with viable larva. An excellent value of MRI in the diagnosis of intracisternal cysticercosis is emphasized.
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PMID:Cerebral cysticercosis: a case report. 851 45

We performed a phase Ia/Ib trial of chimeric anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody 14.18 (ch14.18) in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) to determine the maximum tolerated dose as well as immunologic and biologic responses to the regimen. Sixteen patients with metastatic malignant melanoma received escalating doses of ch14.18 (15-60 mg/m2) administered intravenously for 4 h on day 1. Twenty-four hours later, subcutaneous injections of rhGM-CSF were administered daily for a total of 14 days. Significant side effects were related to ch14.18 infusion and consisted of moderate to severe abdominal and/or extremity pain, blood pressure changes, headache, nausea, diarrhea, peripheral nerve dysesthesias, myalgias, and weakness. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed at 60 mg/m2 and consisted of severe hypertension, hypotension, and atrial fibrillation in one patient each, respectively. Significant increases in white blood cell count, granulocyte count, eosinophil count, and monocyte count occurred after rhGM-CSF treatment. Significant enhancement of in vitro and in vivo monocyte and neutrophil tumoricidal activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity along with significant elevations in C-reactive protein and neopterin were observed. Despite these immunological and biological changes, no antitumor activity was seen. In short, the combination of ch14.18 and rhGM-CSF resulted in toxicity similar to that observed with ch14.18 alone without improvement in tumor response.
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PMID:Phase Ia/Ib trial of anti-GD2 chimeric monoclonal antibody 14.18 (ch14.18) and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) in metastatic melanoma. 881 95

A case of Iotrolan encephalopathy is reported. A 66-year-old woman, suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage, was admitted to our department on January 17th, 1995. After an operation for aneurysmal clipping and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, she was discharged with no neurological deficiency. CT scan revealed ventricular enlargement and slight periventricular lucency. She was re-admitted on January 4th, 1996. She was suffering from nausea, vomiting, right hemiparesis, right hemi-hypesthesia and disturbance of consciousness. CT scan demonstrated right thalamic bleeding and bilateral ventricular hemorrhage. Further ventricular enlargement was also revealed. With medical treatment, her symptoms were relieved gradually. But disorientation and memory disturbance continued. Shuntography with Iotrolan was performed on February 2nd, 1996. The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was demonstrated to be occluded on the abdominal side. The volume of Iotrolan used was about 8cc. She became very restless on the night of the examination. Her temperature was up to 38. CT on February 4th demonstrated brain penetration of the Iotrolan. Revision of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, administration of steroids and hydration was performed. CSF findings demonstrated no abnormalities. Her symptoms were relieved gradually. Iotrolan is a non-ionic contrast media of dimer type, composed of C37 H48 I6 N6 O18. Its distinctive features are low distributing coefficient and high affinity with water. Contrasting several reports of Metrizamide encephalopathy, only 2 cases of Iotrolan encephalopathy were reported. Iotrolan is reported to be much safer than Metrizamide. We were able to find brain penetration by Iotrolan. It is expected to be a characteristic radiological finding of encephalopathy induced by contrast media. The mechanism of Iotrolan encephalopathy is obscure. Several theories concerning Metrizamide encephalopathy are proposed. These are (1) inhibition of hexokinase, (2) inhibition of acethylcholinesterase, (3) immunological mechanism and (4) vascular disturbance. Iotrolan has no 2-deoxy-glucose structure. The inhibition theory of hexokinase is least expected. Related matters are circulatory disturbance of liquor, dehydration, excessive contrast media, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, epileptic patients and patients taking phenothiazines. Prompt therapy is important. Removal of contrast media, hydration and administration of steroids should be performed as early as possible.
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PMID:[A case of Iotrolan encephalopathy]. 893 76

We report MRI changes in a spontaneous intracranial hypotension(SIH). The patient was 29-year-old woman, who developed headaches in upright position, nausea, and vomiting preceded by pressure feeling of ears. Neurological examination was unremarkable except for hyperreflexia in the lower extremities. Lumbar punctures revealed very low opening pressure, a mild elevated CSF protein and a mild pleocytosis. No evidence of underlying systemic or neoplastic diseases was noted. The brain and cervical MRI showed diffuse and continuous pachymeningeal enhancement with gadolinium. Her symptoms gradually improved within two months without any treatment, and follow-up MRI showed resolution of the abnormalities within five months. The dural enhancement with gadolinium seen in the SIH should be kept in mind in case of hypertrophic pachymeningitis of unknown etiology, and be differentiated from such diseases as hypertrophic pachymeningitis associated with infectious, neoplastic diseases or sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[MRI changes in spontaneous intracranial hypotension]. 895 66


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