Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Iohexol containing 180 mg I/ml was used in 80 patients for myelography by lumbar injection. By using an adequate volume, between 10 and 20 ml, satisfactory films were obtained in all cases. Minor adverse effects occurred in 12 patients (15%) and were more frequent in women than men; they were headache (5), nausea (3), vomiting (2), back or limb pain (5), and skin rash (1) and were of minor degree in 10 cases, moderate in the other two and lasted more than 24 h in only one case. There was no change in vital signs or neurological examination related to the studies. No patient suffered difficulty with concentration, personality change or seizures. Electroencephalograms performed on 21 patients before and during the 24 h after iohexol showed no seizure or focal activity or any significant change. Repeat lumbar punctures were performed on ten patients during the 24 h following myelography. One of these, a patient with symptoms due to disc prolapse, whose CSF was abnormal prior to the myelogram, showed a slightly increased cellular response. There was no significant change in any other case. Iohexol is a very satisfactory contrast medium for myelography and compares favourably with other non-ionic contrast media.
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PMID:Clinical trial of iohexol for lumbar myelography. 634 11

The acylureidopenicillins azlocillin and mezlocillin cover a broad spectrum of bacteria, including gramnegative and grampositive species as well as anaerobes. Azlocillin is especially active against P. aeruginosa. Mezlocillin has a good activity against Klebsiella. Both antibiotics inhibit Hemophilus, N. meningitidis and D. pneumoniae in low concentrations. Clinical and kinetic studies were made in more than 300 pediatric patients. Elimination-constant halflife, distribution volume and area under the curve were determined to propose dosage recommendations. Concentrations of azlocillin (44) and mezlocillin (77) were measured in the bronchial secretions. Up to hour 5 after i.v. injection a wide range of concentration values were observed. Azlocillin was found in the meconium in different concentrations after a single injection into the newborn. Mezlocillin diffused into the CSF even in uninflamed meninges, 3 h after injection the mean concentrations were 5.5 mg/l. 39 patients, 35 of them infected by P. aeruginosa, were treated by azlocillin. Urinary tract infections, wound infections and dacryocystitis were cured with one exception. Less convincing were the results in complicated bronchopulmonary diseases. The clinical efficacy of mezlocillin was similar. In a group of 59 patients there were only 3 without effect and some with improvement again in complicated pulmonary diseases. Side effects worth to be mentioned were not seen. In 2 patients the azlocillin injection caused nausea. Mezlocillin led to some minor transitory elevations of the transaminases and dyspepsia in some patients.
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PMID:[Experiences using acylureido-penicillins (azlocillin, mezlocillin) in pediatrics]. 669 39

A 28-year old male was admitted to Musashino Red Cross Hospital on June 21, 1975, because of symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and cerebellar dysfunction. Thirteen months prior to admission he had a mild fever, tremor of right arm, headache, nausea and unsteady gait, but made a gradual recovery in about 40 days. A month prior to admission he had unsteady gate again wit dizziness, photophobia and lacrimation. Gait disturbance aggravated and he was admitted to another hospital, where he developed recent memory disturbance and cloudiness of consciousness. Spinal tap revealed initial pressure of 280 mm CSF. So a mass lesion possibly in the posterior fossa was suspected and the patient was referred to the neurosurgical department of musashino Red Cross Hospital. On admission he was moderately disorientated and disturbed in recent memory. Wide based gait, horizontal and vertical nystagmus were also noted. Angiography revealed rounding of the curve of the pericallosal artery but no space occupying lesions. External ventricular drainage was performed on July 25, 1975. After the operation, his orientation improved without change in dizziness, nystagmus and recent memory disturbance. Ventriculography showed hydrocephalus with cisternography revealed a block at the basal cisterns. PPDs was negative and typical sarcoid tubercles were found in the biopsy specimen of the cervical lymphnode. Kveim test was positive. But repeated chest roentgenogram failed to show bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, or other changes consistent with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Steroid therapy resulted in marked symptomatic improvement.
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PMID:[A case of CNS sarcoidosis -case report of hydrocephalus due to mechanical obstruction secondary to sarcoid granulomata at the outlet of the fourth ventricle (author's transl)]. 723 30

A 67 years old man was admitted on July 1979 for nausea, dysphagia and rectal pain. At age 64 he had undergone radiotherapy on the lower lip for an epidermoid carcinoma. He remained then healthy. His medical history was negative with the exception of chronic bronchitis. He had never been exposed to toxic agents or drugs and had never left Europe. A few days after admission he suffered acute intestinal obstruction but at laparostomy no etiology was found. At the same time the patient complained of pain in all four limbs and he was found to have diffuse wasting of muscles, areflexia and distal sensory loss. No sign of dysautonomia was present. Physical examination was negative with the exception of a cervical lymphadenopathy. The lymph node biopsy showed an undifferentiated metastatic carcinoma. Negative investigations included: blood cells count; serum ionogram and immunoelectrophoresis; thyroid function tests; serological test for Chagas' disease. The following abnormalities were found: ESR: 55-105; CSF protein: 145 mg/100 ml and 1 cell mm3; whole blood folic acid: 1,7 mg/ml; Hbs antigen was present in blood; EMG showed evidence of denervation but motor conduction velocities were normal. By September the patient's weakness had increased and complete intestinal obstruction persisted. At oesophageal, gastric and duodenal fibroscopy no contraction was visible, and biopsies were negative. The patient died of peritonitis on October 5th, 1979. At necropsy peritonitis secondary to multiple perforation of the large bowel was found. No recurrence of the lip carcinoma or metastase or evidence of a primary carcinoma was found. Light microscopy showed no evidence of amyloidosis or scleroderma. Examination of the alimentary tract showed abnormalities restricted to the myenteric plexuses which varied from one level to another. In the small bowel there was hyperplasia of the smooth muscle and the myenteric plexuses were enlarged by marked proliferation of Schwann cells. Severe neuronal loss and nodules of Nageotte were also noted. Schwann cells proliferation was less marked in the stomach and large bowel. Lympho-histiocytic infiltration strictly confined to the region of the myenteric plexuses was present in oesophagus, stomach, large bowel and rectum. Mild chronic inflammatory lesions were also found in anterior and posterior spinal roots and semi-lunar ganglia. The striking feature of this case is the association of an undifferentiated carcinoma and a polyradiculoneuritis with a complete alimentary tract palsy of rapid onset, secondary to lesions restricted to the myenteric plexuses. The low folate level was insufficient to explain the neuropathy. Investigations showed no evidence of the usual causes of intestinal pseudo-obstruction: muscular, dysautonomic, toxic, plexic (idiopathic, familial, inflammatory), Chagas' disease). The clinical course, the pathological pictures of the alimentary tract and spinal roots and the association with a carcinoma suggest that our case may represent a paraneoplastic syndrome...
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PMID:[Paralysis of digestive tract with lesions of myenteric plexuses. A new paraneoplastic syndrome (author's transl)]. 729 42

To determine whether dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) can potentiate antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide (CYC) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 14 patients were treated with 5 l of a 5% or 6% DMSO solution PO over 3 days and 1,500 mg CYC/m2 IV as a 60-min infusion on the third day of treatment. Serial blood, CSF, and urine samples were collected to assess the pharmacokinetics of CYC. Courses were repeated every 3-4 weeks. No antitumor responses were observed. Toxicity was mainly hematologic and similar to that of CYC alone. There was one death from infection during granulocytopenia. Nonhematologic toxicity was moderate to severe and included nausea (14 patients) and vomiting (five patients). The plasma pharmacokinetics of CYC in this study are similar to previously reported results for CYC alone, but the 24-h urinary excretion of CYC in our study is much lower than previously reported. Further studies in tumors more responsive to CYC may be warranted.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide and dimethylsulfoxide in the treatment of squamous carcinoma of the lung. Therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics. 730 30

A 27-year-old woman in the ninth month of her pregnancy suddently developed nausea and motor weakness of her right lower extremity while shopping. Subsequently a disturbance of consciousness and right-sided hemiparesis developed. Spinal puncture yielded clear CSF but CT scan demonstrated a left subependymal hematoma. Angiographical examination led to a diagnosis of "Moyamoya" disease. The source of the intracranial hemorrhage could not be identified. The hematoma could not have been diagnosed accurately without the CT scan.
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PMID:Subependymal hematoma in "Moyamoya" disease. 735 72

Neurologic sequelae may occur months to years after cranial irradiation. The site of primary damage is probably the vascular endothelium. Over a 2.8-year period, four children with brain tumors, a mean of 11 years of age at diagnosis (range, 6.5 to 15.5 years), had new onset of severe intermittent unilateral headaches associated with nausea, episodic visual loss, hemiparesis, aphasia, or hemisensory loss. The headaches lasted 2 to 24 hours. All patients had previously received whole-brain (2,400 to 3,600 cGy) and additional local boost (1,800 to 3,100 cGy) cranial irradiation, as well as cisplatin-, lomustine-, and vincristine-containing chemotherapy regimens. Symptoms began 1.2 to 2.8 years after the diagnosis, when all had stable disease and were off treatment. MRI studies were unchanged, and CSF cytology, EEGs, echocardiograms, and magnetic resonance angiograms were normal in all. Cerebral angiograms, performed in three children, were normal but led to severe headaches and neurologic deficits (hemiparesis in one and visual loss in two) that resolved after 24 to 48 hours. Response to antimigraine and antiplatelet medications was variable. We conclude that (1) "complicated migraine-like episodes" may occur in children after cranial irradiation and chemotherapy as a sequela of therapy; (2) these headaches may not be the harbinger of impending strokes, severe intracranial vasculitis, or tumor recurrence; and (3) while cerebral angiography may be useful in differential diagnosis, it may cause transient worsening of symptoms.
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PMID:'Complicated migraine-like episodes' in children following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy. 747 78

To define the activity of an individually escalated dacarbazine (DTIC) dose combined with interferon-alpha-2a (IFN), granulocyte-colony stimulating-factor (G-CSF) and ondansetron, 20 patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma were treated with DTIC, ondansetron 8 mg iv, G-CSF 300 micrograms sc and IFN 9 MU sc. Treatment was performed every 21 days to a maximum of 6 courses. DTIC dose was escalated with 250 mg/m2 in case of acceptable toxicity to 1250, 1500 and 1750 mg/m2 in (projected/realized), 14/19, 8/11 and 0/5 pts, respectively. Dose escalation prohibiting toxicities were thrombocytopenia (10 pts), leukopenia (9 pts), and nausea/vomiting (2 pts). Four partial remissions were observed, for a response rate of 20% (95% confidence interval, 6 to 44%). Duration of responses was 1, 2, 3 and 3 months. Median overall survival was 8 months.
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PMID:Dose escalation of dacarbazine combined with interferon alpha-2a, G-CSF and ondansetron in patients with metastatic melanoma. 752 Jun 81

Forty-six patients with urothelial cancer were treated with a systemic chemotherapeutic regimen consisting of methotrexate, vinblastine, 4'-epirubicin and cisplatin (M-VEC) in conjunction with glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF); then 33 were evaluated for response. Complete response was observed in 7 patients (21%) and partial response in 13 (39%). As far as the toxic effects of this treatment are concerned, mucositis of a minimum grade and leukopenia greater than grade 3 occurred in 5% and 10% of the patients, respectively; there were no cases of nadir sepsis and drug-related death. Minor toxicity such as nausea vomiting occurred in 81% of patients, and no patient required either dose-reduction or a delay of more than 5 d before starting of the second cycle. Thus, it may be concluded that M-VEC chemotherapy combined with rhG-CSF is useful in the treatment of urothelial cancer, especially when used as a neoadjuvant.
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PMID:M-VEC (methotrexate, vinblastine, 4'-epirubicin and cisplatin) combined with glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of urothelium: reduction in toxicity produced by rhG-CSF. 754 54

A case of disproportionately large, communicating fourth ventricle (DLCFV) with the entire ventricular system dilated symmetrically due to membranous obstruction of Magendie's foramen is reported. A 20-year-old female complained of headache and nausea. Slight papilledema was found in both eyes. CT scan and MRI showed that the entire ventricular system was dilated symmetrically, but we could not locate the cause of this disease, for example, tumor, arachnoid cyst, cerebellar malformation and so on. Although cinemode-MRI showed CSF pulsation as if CSF flowed through Magendie's foramen, we were not convinced that CSF flowed through it. We speculated that something obstructed CSF flow at Magendie's or Luschka's foramen, so surgery was performed by suboccipital craniectomy. As expected, a membranous obstruction was found at Magendie's foramen. After excision of the membrane, all symptoms improved. Postoperative cinemode-MRI clearly demonstrated CSF flow through Magendie's foramen. Ventriculoperitoneal shunting is generally effective for DLCFV, but we do not consider it the optimal treatment. The cause of DLCFV must be confirmed by suboccipital craniectomy if evidence of NPH, mass lesion or cerebellar malformation cannot be found anywhere especially around Magendie's foramen.
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PMID:["Disproportionately large, communicating fourth ventricle" due to membranous obstruction of Magendie's foramen]. 775 23


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