Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ofloxacin was administered orally at a daily dosage of 300 mg and 600 mg in three divided doses for 14 days to 24 and 60 patients with chronic complicated urinary infections, respectively, in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the criterion proposed by the UTI Committee in Japan and its efficacy was evaluated in 84 cases. In the group of 24 patients receiving a daily dosage of 300 mg, the clinical effectiveness after a 5-day treatment was excellent in 13 cases and moderate in 7 cases. The overall clinical efficacy was 83.8%. In the group of 60 patients receiving a daily dosage of 600 mg, the rate of overall clinical efficacy after a 5-day treatment was 83.3%, being excellent in 23 cases and moderate in 27 cases. The eradication rate was 85.3% and 92.5% by 300 mg and 600 mg dosages of ofloxacin, respectively. As adverse reactions, anorexia and nausea occurred in 2 cases. Laboratory anomalies consisted of 1 case of slight and transient elevation of transaminase, and 1 case of elevated serum creatinine.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of ofloxacin in the treatment of chronic complicated urinary tract infection]. 223 69

Carumonam (CRMN), the first monobactam antibiotic in Japan, has excellent activity against gram-negative bacteria and is useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections. However, it may be insufficient in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections because of the increase in isolation of gram-positive bacteria, and it may be necessary to co-administer antibiotics active against gram-positive organisms to achieve a broader spectrum of coverage in connection with severe infections. The combination of CRMN and fosfomycin (FOM) was evaluated for its effectiveness and safety at the Department of Urology, Yamagata University Hospital and 7 affiliated hospitals. Clinical efficacy was assessed on 64 patients with complicated urinary tract infection according to the Criteria for Clinical Evaluation of Antimicrobial Agents in UTI (3rd. ed.) recommended by the Japan UTI Committee. Clinical efficacy was evaluated as excellent in 16, moderate in 32, poor in 16, with an overall clinical effectiveness rate of 75.0%, which is superior compared with CRMN alone. Of the total of 92 bacterial strains isolated, 66 (71.7%) were eradicated. Subjective adverse reaction was seen in 1 patient (1.4%), as nausea and anorexia. Slight increases in serum GOT and GPT ware recorded in 5 patients (7.1%). These findings disappeared after the termination of administration without treatment. The combination of CRMN and FOM might therefore be useful in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the combination of carumonam and fosfomycin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection]. 223 70

We studied clinical effects and safety of ceftibuten (7432-S, CETB), a new oral cephem antibiotic, against chronic complicated urinary tract infections in 9 cases and bacterial prostatitis in 10 cases. CETB was administered at a daily dose of 400-600 mg divided into twice or 3 times for a duration of 1-4 weeks. The overall clinical effect was 83.3% according to the criteria of UTI Committees (excellent: 4 cases, moderate: 1, poor: 1) in evaluated 6 cases, and the efficacy rate was 77.8% in the bacterial prostatitis cases according to physicians' evaluation (good: 7 cases, fair: 2, unknown: 1). There was 1 case of nausea, vomiting and lightly diarrhea on the third day after treatment but those tendencies all disappeared after stopping administration. So, we concluded that CETB was a useful agent for chronic complicated UTI and bacterial prostatitis with a daily dose level of 400-600 mg except in severe cases.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of ceftibuten in the field of urology]. 236 57

In clinical trials co-ordinated in Italy by Glaxo S.p.A. from May 1984 to February 1988, 553 patients aged over 65 years (376 men and 177 women), suffering from different infectious diseases (mostly LRTI and UTI), were treated with ofloxacin, a new broad-spectrum quinolone. Of the patients studied, 75% presented one or more concurrent diseases and 72.3% were receiving one or more concurrent therapies. Daily dose of the drug varied, in most cases, between 400 and 800 mg in two oral administrations. In all, 21 adverse events were recorded in 19 patients (3.44%): 13 gastrointestinal events (gastric pain, nausea, vomiting), 3 cutaneous events and 5 others. The severity of the events was judged as mild in 56.3% of the cases and moderate in 43.7%. The treatment was stopped because of adverse events in three patients (0.54%). Abnormal laboratory parameters, probably related to the drug, were observed in four patients. In conclusion, ofloxacin appears to be a very safe drug in the treatment of bacterial infections in elderly patients.
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PMID:Safety profile of ofloxacin in elderly patients. 306 74

The clinical effectiveness of a new synthetic pyridoncarboxylic acid derivative, norfloxacin (NFLX: Baccidal) was studied in the urological field. NFLX was given clinically to 50 patients with urogenital tract infections; 40 cases were acute simple cystitis and 10 cases were complicated UTI satisfied the criteria of the UTI committee. Thirty two bacterial strains were isolated from the group of acute simple cystitis and 10 bacterial strains were isolated from the group of complicated UTI. Susceptibility of NFLX by the method of distribution and disk sensitivity was 97% in the former group and 89% in the latter group. The overall clinical efficacy rate estimated by the criteria of the UTI committee in 32 cases with acute simple cystitis was 97% and in 10 cases with complicated UTI was 60%. The incidence of side effect was 8.0% (4/50). All of these side effects which were nausea, abdominal fullness and headache may be attributable to the administration of NFLX. No abnormal laboratory findings were observed except for elevation in GOT and GPT values in 1 case (4.0%), which returned to normal after NFLX treatment. Therefore NFLX is suggested to be a clinically useful and safe drug in the treatment of UTI.
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PMID:[Clinical experience of norfloxacin (Baccidal) in the urological field]. 408 23

Clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole was evaluated at four university hospitals and their related hospitals in Nagoya. For the treatment of urinary tract infections with or without complications, 177 patients were administered Cefmetazole. Of these patients, 69 had chronic complicated urinary tract infection defined in the UTI manual and 20 had simple acute pyelonephritis. The other urological infections for which Cefmetazole was administered included prostatitis, epididymitis, urosepsis and wound infections. Fifty four patients were given Cefmetazole intravenously after urological operation to prevent wound and urinary tract infections. The overall clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole for UTI was 76.8%; 84.4% for group 1, 85.7% for group 3, 75% for group 4, 44.4% for group 5 and 66.6% for group 6. In acute pyelonephritis due to E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia, S. aureus, alpha-Streptococcus and S. epidermidis all patients were cured by Cefmetazole administration. Clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole was assessed to be excellent in 6 cases of prostatitis and 6 cases of acute epididymitis. E. Coli, Serratia and some organisms disappeared from blood after the administration of Cefmetazole but Pseudomonas persisted even after treatment. Postoperative administration of Cefmetazole was effective for eradication of bacteria from the urine in 26 out of 30 patients and in prevention of infection in 24 cases. After the administration of Cefmetazole skin eruption was observed in one patient and nausea in another. Slight elevation of GOT, GPT and total bilirubin was noted in 3 of the 177 patients after medication.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefmetazole in urological infections]. 658 64

To evaluate the nutritional, metabolic and immune effects of dietary arginine, glutamine and omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) supplementation in immunocompromised patients, we performed a prospective study on the effect of immune formula administered to 11 severe trauma patients (average ISS = 24), 10 burn patients (average % TBSA = 48) and 5 cancer patients. Daily calorie and protein administration were based on the patient's severity (Stress factor with the range of 35-50 kcal/kg/day and 1.5-2.5 g/kg/day, respectively) Starting with half concentration liquid immune formula through nasogastric tube by continuous drip at 30 ml/h and increasing to maximum level within 4 days. The additional energy and protein requirement will be given either by parenteral or oral nutritional support. Various nutritional, metabolic, immunologic and clinical parameters were observed on day 0 (baseline), day 3, 7, and 14. Analysis was performed by paired student-t test. Initial mean serum albumin and transferrin showed mild (trauma) to moderate (burn and cancer) degree of malnutrition. Significant improvement of nutritional parameters was seen at day 7 and 14 in trauma and burn patients. Significant increase of total lymphocyte count (day 7, P < 0.01), CD4 + count (day 7, p < 0.01), CD8 + count (day 7, p < 0.0005 & day 14, p < 0.05), complement C3 (day 7, p < 0.005 day 14, p < 0.01), IgG (day 7, and 14, p < 0.0005), IgA (day 7, p < 0.0005 & day 14, p < 0.05), in all patients. C-reactive protein decreased significantly on day 7 (p < 0.0005) and day 14 (p < 0.005). 3 cases of burn wound infection, one case of UTI and one case of sepsis were observed. Two cases of hyperglycemia in burn, 3 cases of hyperbilirubinemia in trauma, 10 cases of elevated LFT (5 trauma/5 burn), and one case of hyponatremia in cancer patients were observed. Two cases of nausea, 4 cases of vomiting, 5 cases of diarrhea (< 3 times/day), 2 cases of abdominal cramp, 1 case of distension were observed. The feeding of IMMUNE FORMULA was well tolerated and significant improvement was observed in nutritional and immunologic parameters as in other immunoenhancing diets. Further clinical trials of prospective double-blind randomized design are necessary to address the so that the necessity of using immunonutrition in critically ill patients will be clarified.
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PMID:Metabolic and immune effects of dietary arginine, glutamine and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in immunocompromised patients. 962 33

The aim of this open, non comparative, observational study was to assess the clinical and bacteriological efficacy, the tolerability and safety of levofloxacin for treatment of concurrent bacterial infections in patients with chronic liver disease. Overall, 40 patients (inpatients or outpatients) were recruited to the study (28 with UTI, 6 with pneumonia, and 6 with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)). Patients affected by UTI received 250 mg oral levofloxacin once daily for five days; patients with pneumonia or SBP underwent a 10/14-day therapeutic oral regimen with 500 mg b.i.d. Clinical evaluation and possible side effects were monitored daily both in out- and in-patients. For all patients, laboratory tests were performed at baseline and 3-4 days after the end of therapy in order to evaluate levofloxacin tolerability. Statistical analysis was performed by means of Student's t test to show differences between cases; all values are reported as means and standard deviations and p values were considered as significant when p<0.05. After treatment, clinical cure and bacteriological eradication were achieved in all patients (40/40; 100%). Adverse events, mainly gastrointestinal disturbances (e.g. nausea), were observed in 5 out of 40 patients (12.5%) and no neurotoxic effects were registered (e.g. anxiety, hallucinations, convulsions, mental confusion). No significant variation in laboratory tests due to hematic crasis and/or hepatic and renal disorders was observed. Levofloxacin proved to be highly efficacious and safe in the treatment of bacterial infections in patients affected by liver disease.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy and tolerability of levofloxacin in patients with liver disease: a prospective, non comparative, observational study. 1657 91

You start another busy shift with a double row of charts waiting to be seen. Your first patient is an elderly man who fell 1 hour prior to presentation. He did not lose consciousness, but he was dazed for a few minutes. He complains of a mild headache but denies any neck pain. He takes warfarin for valvular heart disease. He looks good and has no focal neurological complaints. His mental status is normal, he has a negative head CT scan, and his INR is 3.9. His family wants to take him home, which would help relieve some of the congestion in the ED, but you wonder what would be best. To observe and repeat imaging? Reverse his anticoagulation? Change his dosing regimen of warfarin? In the next room, you quickly evaluate a 51-year-old obese woman with nonspecific back and abdominal pain that started 24 hours before and has slowly progressed to become intolerable. She denies fever, chills, nausea, or vomiting. She is on the last day of a 5-day course of ciprofloxacin for a UTI. She takes warfarin for a pulmonary embolus that occurred 2 months prior. Her hematocrit is mildly decreased, and her white blood count is normal; however, the INR is 6.8. You wonder if her abdominal pain is related to the UTI, or if it could be somehow related to the prolonged INR. In fact, you wonder why her INR is so prolonged...
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PMID:An evidence-based approach to managing the anticoagulated patient in the emergency department. 2216 1