Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Levomepromazine 0.1 mg/kg or droperidol 0.15 mg/kg for induction of neurolept anaesthesia were compared in a double-blind prospective study of 60 patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery. On the morning after surgery, eight of 30 patients (26.7%) who received droperidol remembered having had unpleasant anxiety, or nightmarish or panicky experiences during induction of anaesthesia, whereas only one of 30 patients (3.3%) receiving levomepromazine experienced such unpleasant adverse effects (P less than 0.01). During anaesthesia, the patients induced with levomepromazine needed somewhat less fentanyl, had somewhat less pain intensity, during the first 3 h after surgery, and they required the first postoperative dose of morphine 1.5 h later than the patients receiving droperidol (P less than 0.02). There was no difference in the number of patients receiving naloxone at the end of anaesthesia in the two groups. However, 21 of 30 patients (70%) in the levomepromazine group and only seven of 30 patients (23.3%) in the droperidol group were given physostigmine for arousal at the end of anaesthesia (P less than 0.01). There was no difference between the two groups in the occurrence of postoperative nausea, restlessness, hallucinations, or sedation in the recovery ward. This study shows that levomepromazine is superior to droperidol for induction of neurolept anaesthesia because it gives less psychic adverse effects, more analgesia, and a deeper sedation, which is easily reversed with physostigmine at the end of anaesthesia.
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PMID:Avoiding psychic adverse effects during induction of neurolept anaesthesia with levomepromazine. A double-blind study of levomepromazine and droperidol. 704 38

The role of neuroleptic drugs as adjuvant analgesics has been a subject of longstanding controversy. Despite frequent claims of efficacy, evidence from controlled trials supports neither claims of intrinsic analgesic properties nor the routine use of the neuroleptics as a means to reliably induce clinically useful analgesia. Methotrimeprazine is unique in that there is evidence for reliable dose-related analgesia that is comparable to opioid-mediated analgesia, although routine use is not recommended. Despite probable interaction with opioid receptors, there is insufficient evidence to support a role for the butyrophenone category of neuroleptics as adjuvant analgesics. Limited trials of the neuroleptics may be considered for pain that has been unresponsive to more conventional pharmacologic approaches, especially when associated with headache, nerve injury, or psychological distress. The neuroleptics have an important role in the symptomatic management of agitation, delirium, and nausea, particularly in patients with cancer.
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PMID:The neuroleptics as adjuvant analgesics. 782 84

This is a review of the uses of levomepromazine in psychiatry, based upon MEDLINE, PSYCLIT and EMBASE literature searches. The main indications for this drug in psychiatry are schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Levomepromazine's sedative properties particularly fit it to use in psychiatric intensive care. There is also some evidence to suggest it has efficacy in drug-resistant psychosis, although this property of the drug does require further research. In other areas of medicine levomepromazine has been used in: alleviating bronchoconstriction; as a preoperative sedative; in terminal pain control and postoperative analgesia; and in the control of nausea. Some antimycobacterial properties have been recorded. The drug should not be prescribed to patients at high risk of accidental or suicidal overdose.
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PMID:Focus on levomepromazine. 1570 Dec 5