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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study comparing 2 triphasic hormonal contraceptive preparations (combinations of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) is reported. SH B 264 AB was used by 594 women for 6628 cycles with no pregnancies, while 634 women used SH B 261 AB for 6025 cycles with 1 pregnancy. A lower incidence of breakthrough bleeding and spotting was observed among SH B 264 AB users, and this preparation ("Triquilon") is preferred to the other. Triquilon users had a menstrual cycle length of 26-30 days and an amenorrhea rate of .4%. There was a low rate of breakthrough bleedings and spottings, which was higher when patients forgot to take their pills. In the vast majority of Triquilar users, body weight and blood pressure remained constant. Subjective side effects (e.g. nausea, dizziness, headache) were infrequent and decreased as the length of Triquilar use increased. A separate study of 1440 cycles of Triquilar use and 1343 cycles of Microgynon use showed that, while the contraceptive effectiveness was the same, the incidence of breakthrough bleeding and spotting was significantly less frequent among Triquilar users.
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PMID:[The first three-stage preparation for hormonal contraception. Clinical results (author's transl)]. 11 12

175 women of reproductive age, with hirsutism of differing degrees and different pathogenetic causes (ovarian, adrenal, iatrogenic) or idiopathic, and acne were treated with two different combinations of Cyprotrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol (SH 8.1041 and SH B209AB). 90 patients were given SH 8.1041 and 10 were given SH B209AB. 75 received both preparations. The total number of treatment cycles was 1534. Clinical, hormonal and biochemical assessments were made before, during and after treatment. The degrees of hirsutism and acne, and of seborrhea and hair loss when present, were scored by means of a modified version of the Ferriman and Gallway criteria. SH 8.1041 brought about a significant improvement in the majority of the patients. SH B209AB was generally used as maintenance therapy for hirsutism and severe acne. It was the initial treatment of choice in patients with milder acne. Reduction of hirsutism was usually apparent after the fourth cycle of therapy and acne regressed after the first month. Both combinations were well-tolerated biochemically. In a few patients on SH 8.1042, slight and transient increases in BSP, SGOT, SGPT and bilirubin were observed, but cessation of treatment was not necessary. Some patients on SH 8.1041 complained of transient frigidity, mild depression, breast discomfort and nausea.
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PMID:Treatment of hirsutism and acne in women with two combinations of cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol. 14 May 76

Since recent recommendations advocate that smaller doses of estrogen should be used, a combination of .5 mg of norethindrone and .015 mg ethinyl estradiol was tested on 198 patients for a total of 2546 cycles, the longest usage being over 2 years. The women ranged from 15 to 45 years of age, the average age being 28, and the average number of pregnancies, 5.2. The medication was taken daily for 21 days and then stopped for 7. The group was controlled for secondary effects, bleeding, weight changes, and nucleal or hormonal changes. 14.2% stopped taking it because of secondary problems like spotting, nausea, transhormonal bleeding, and depression. The only pregnancy was due to inadequate attention to the prescription by the patient. Tolerance of the medication was quite good overall and no severe difficulties resulted.
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PMID:[A continuous experience of the use of norethindrone-ethinyl estradiol combination in small doses as a contraceptive]. 32 Dec 97

Use of small daily doses of quinestrol, a synthetic estrogen consisting of 3 cyclopenthyl-ether of ethinyl estradiol, has been reported to result in remission of postmenopausal symptoms in many patients. This study used quinestrol in 1 mg monthly oral doses in a group of women (N=70) suffering from the menopausal syndrome (43 from spontaneous and 27 from surgical menopause). 40 women received quinestrol 1 mg and 30 were given placebo. Of the 40 who were given quinestrol, 25 had spontaneous menopause and 15 were surgically induced. In the placebo group, 18 had spontaneous menopause and 12 were surgically induced. Treatment lasted from 6-18 months; none of the patients knew whether they had quinestrol or placebo. Blood samples were taken in 10 patients before treatment and 6 months later. As a whole, improvement was observed in 87.5% of the quinestrol-treated group, in contrast to 50% of the placebo-treated group. For women with spontaneous menopause, an improvement was observed in 88% of the quinestrol group and 50% of the placebo group. With respect to the effectiveness of quinestrol, no significant difference in the relief of symptoms was observed between the 2 groups (spontaneous and surgical menopause). Observed side effects were skin rash in 2 patients, thrombophlebitis in 1 patient, vaginal bleeding in 3 patients and nausea in 4 patients. It was concluded that quinestrol therapy is especially suitable in surgical menopause where substitutive therapy is indicated, as well as in cases where daily intake is not favored.
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PMID:The treatment of postmenopausal syndrome by monthly oral doses of quinestrol. 45 71

Postcoital contraception using dl-norgestrel/ethinyl estradiol combination (.05 and .5 mg, respectively) is reported. 189 campus women received the dosage of 2 tablets in 12 hours, given within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. No pregnancies were reported, and follow-up was excellent (97.3%). 60% of the women experienced some nausea which lasted less than 12 hours for most of the women but up to 3 days in 28 of the women. Vomiting occurred in 24% of the women but was of short duration in all but 5 women. Only 9.5% reported vaginal bleeding which was of short duration. 50% of the women had periods at the expected time, 35% were early, and 15% were late (never more than 5 days). It is concluded that this is an effective postcoital contraceptive, that women should be warned of the side effects, and that inclusion of postcoital contraception will be 1 factor which will help reduce the unwanted pregnancy rate.
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PMID:Post-coital contraception using d1-norgestrel/ethinyl estradiol combination. 64 49

2 contraceptives, Gynatrol and Mikrogen, which contain low estrogen and gestagen dosages (30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 125 mcg d-norgestrel), are evaluated. The Pearl index for these contraceptives is less than 1. Irregular bleeding is more frequent among users of these contraceptives than among users of higher dosage contraceptives. Other side effects have not been studied well enough to determine whether the risk (i.e., thrombosis) is higher or lower among users of the low dosage contraceptives. Fewer subjective side effects (i.e., nausea, cramps, etc.) have been experienced among users of these contraceptives. More documentation is needed to make definite conclusions as to the value of using low dosage oral contraceptives.
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PMID:[Gynatrol, Mikrogyn. P-pill with law estrogen content]. 78 70

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

The results of a double-blind study of 237 women are presented comparing the effects of 2 oral contraceptives COCs containing the same gestagen but different estrogens. 116 women used contraceptive A (Planmite), a preparation of 1 mg norethisterone and 50 mcg mestranol, while contraceptive B, a preparation of 1 mg norethisterone and 50 mcg ethinyl estradiol, was used by 121 women. 787 women continued use of their respective contraceptive through 3 months and 116 through 9 months. The material was divided according to the type of contraceptive taken and according to whether OCs had been used in the 3 months preceding the survey. Both pills were equally effective, with no pregnancies occurring during the course of the study. Bleeding was insignificantly more frequent with contraceptive B, and where bleeding occurred, it had a strong tendency to decrease after the first 3 months of contraceptive use. Bleeding was greater among those taking OCs for the 1st time. There was less nausea among patients using contraceptive A. There was no significant variation in weight change with respect to the type of contraceptive taken or the time period within which it was used, but there was a greater weight gain in those using OCs for the 1st time. Systolic blood pressure fell a median of 10.2 mm Hg, irregardless of the type of contraceptive, length of present use, or previous use. Diastolic blood pressure fell a median of 7.0 mm Hg in those who had used OCs previously, and rose .4 mm Hg in those who had not used contraceptives previously. This study indicates that mestranol and ethinyl estradiol, in opposition to previous findings, are equally effective in preventing pregnancy with no significant difference in aftereffects.
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PMID:[2 oral contraceptives with the same gestagen and different estrogen. A controlled clinical trial]. 109 60

One hundred eighty-one women received 30 mug of ethinyl estradiol plus 150 mug of d-norgestrel as an oral contraceptive for 21 days and then received no tablets for the next seven days for a total of 1,488 cycles. There were no pregnancies. Cycle control was good to excellent. Menstrual cycles lasted 25 to 32 days in 96.2% of treatment cycles. Menstruation lasted three to five days in 93.2% of the cycles, and it began three to five days after the last day of medication in 79.1%. The menstrual flow was moderate in 87%. Breakthrough bleeding occurred in 2.0% of treatment cycles, spotting in 0.1%, and amenorrhea in 0.8%. The incidence of adverse subjective symptoms was minimal and significant increases compared with the pretreatment cycle were noted only for nausea in the first two cycles and for nervousness in the second cycle of treatment. Overall incidence of nausea was 3.2% of treatment cycles.
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PMID:Clinical experience with ethinyl estradiol and d-norgestrel as an oral contraceptive. 111 22

Restovar, a low dose combined oral contraceptive containing .75 mg lynestrenol and 37.5 mcg ethinyl estradiol was given to 83 women for up to 25 cycles or 1265 total. A cycle contained 22 pills begun on the first day of menstruation or withdrawal bleeding from previous pill cycles. Each woman was questioned regularly on side effects and bleeding, had weight and blood pressure taken, and received gynecologic exams before and after pill treatment. There were no pregnancies. Latency from end of the cycle to bleeding was 2-3 days in 87%; cycles lasted 28 days in 80%; bleeding lasted 3-4 days in 84%; flow was moderate in 72%; and spotting occurred in 4.2% of cylces and breakthrough bleeding in 2.4%; withdrawal bleeding was absent in 4.2% of cycles. The most common side effects were breast pain in 1.9% of cycles and headaches in 1.2%. These complaints as well as nausea, vomiting, leucorrhea, nervousness and depression were reported as less frequent or absent more often than present or aggravated. 6 women quit for drug related reasons. There was no significant weight change or hypertension (means 126/82 and 120/80 before and during Restovar. Thus this low dose pill is remarkably effective and well tolerated.
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PMID:[Clinical study of restovar, an oral contraceptive with a low estrogen content]. 114 76


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