Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027497 (nausea)
 23,468 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 105 normal spontaneous deliveries the effect of inhalation analgesia with Methoxyfluran (Penthrane) was studied. Penthrane was administered intermittently with the Penthrane oxilator (Rod inhalator of Abbott). The initial concentration was 0.25 volume%. The maximal concentration was 0.35 volume% of Penthrane. Fetal monitoring records were obtained in all deliveries. In 49 cases (46.7%) intra- and post-partum microblood studies were obtained. In 85 women (81.0%) the result of the analgesia was good. Nausea occurred in 21 women (20%). There were no abnormal fetal monitoring patterns. The Apgar scores of the newborns were between 8 and 10. The actual pH's were between 7.24 and 7.41. The third stage of labour was normal in all cases.
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PMID:[Inhalation analgesia with methoxyfluran (penthrane) in obstetrics (author's transl)]. 0 53

Erythromycin base and its salts are frequently used in clinical practice. The most frequent side effects of oral erythromycin preparations are gastrointestinal. Various salts and enteric coatings have been developed without adequate comparison in regard to gastrointestinal side effects. The overall incidence of gastrointestinal side effects (abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and gas) of two common erythromycin base formulations, Erythromycin Base Filmtab (Abbott), a nonenteric-coated base tablet, and Eryc (Parke-Davis), a pelletized, encapsulated, enteric-coated base capsule, were compared in 368 adults at two dosage levels (1 g/d and 2 g/d). Minimal differences were found when target symptoms were compared by preparation coating. In contrast, subjects receiving erythromycin at the 2-g/d dosage level reported higher incidence rates for each of the target symptoms, regardless of product coating, than did those patients treated at the 1-g/d dosage level. Enteric coating of erythromycin base offers little protection from the common dose-related gastrointestinal adverse effects of oral erythromycin.
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PMID:Prospective comparison of patient tolerance to enteric-coated vs nonenteric-coated erythromycin. 224 43

It is noted that advertisements in medical journals recommend treatment of emotional symptoms in menopausal patients with Premarin (Ayerst brand of conjugated estrogens), Ogen (Abbott brand of piperazine estrone sulfate), or other compounds. There are no acceptable studies proving the usefulness of such combinations for symptoms relating to the menopause and no persuasive evidence to justify use of conjugated or any other type of estrogen in the treatment of emotional symptoms in menopausal women. Vasomotor symptoms, flushing, and sweats respond to estrogens. Symptoms do not recur if treatment is stopped after 1 or 2 years. Systematic or topical use of estrogens fails to promote the appearance of youthfulness. Vaginal pruritus and dyspareunia due to atrophic vaginitis may be relieved by estrogens either applied locally or orally. Libido is not heightened by exogenous estrogens but sufficient androgen doses cause virilization. It is doubtful if osteoporosis is favorably influenced by long-term use of estrogens. Estrogen therapy may cause spotting, menarrhagia, nausea, breast tenderness, or fluid retention. Prolonged use may cause increase in size of uterine fibroids. Personal or even family history of breast or genital cancer are considered contraindications.
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PMID:Estrogens and the menopausal patient. 434 58

This study evaluated the pre-emptive analgesic effect of intravenous (i.v.) ketorolac (KET) for total hip replacement (THR). Sixty patients who underwent surgery for THR under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to 3 groups. Two i.v. injections were administered: one before induction and one after surgery. The patients were studied prospectively in a double-blind manner. The control group (CONT; n = 20) received 2 ml of normal saline (NS) for both injections. The pre-operative KET group (PRE; n = 20) received 60 mg of KET and then 2 ml of NS. The postoperative KET group (POST; n = 20) received 2 ml of NS and then 60 mg of KET. General anesthesia was standardized with a intra-operative cumulated dose of fentanyl limited to 4 micrograms/kg. In the recovery room (RR), pain was controlled with an i.v. tritration of morphine; thereafter, on the surgical ward, patients used a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump (Abbott). Pain was evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and movement in the RR, then every hour for 6 h and every 6 h for 5 days. The side effects monitored were: sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, perioperative bleeding. The patients and surgery were similar for the 3 groups. Upon arrival in the RR, VAS scores taken at rest and at movement were lower for the PRE group than for the CONT and POST groups. Otherwise, VAS scores were similar in all 3 groups. The cumulative dose of morphine in the PRE group was lower than that for the CONT and POST groups from 0 to 6 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of timing on the analgesic effect of intravenous ketorolac after orthopedic surgery. 765 40

The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of changes in serotonin metabolism on the pathophysiology of different types of emesis: pregnancy-induced emesis, emesis associated with inner-ear dysfunction, and cisplatin-induced emesis. The urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of serotonin, was measured in 13 women with pregnancy-induced emesis, 12 patients who had nausea and vomiting following inner-ear dysfunctions, 27 patients with cisplatin-induced emesis and a control group of 21 women. 5-HIAA was measured with a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (Abbott) and corrected for varying urine concentrations. Both patients with emesis associated with inner-ear dysfunction and patients with pregnancy-associated emesis showed a similar 5-HIAA excretion pattern compared with the control group. No correlation between intensity of nausea or vomiting and changes in 5-HIAA excretion could be detected. In patients receiving cisplatin, the 5-HIAA excretion increased rapidly within the 12 h following cisplatin administration and returned to baseline levels after 24 h. There was a parallel increase of 5-HIAA excretion and numbers of emetic episodes in the first 12 h, but delayed emesis was not associated with elevated 5-HIAA excretion. Our results provide evidence that serotonin is involved in the pathophysiology of cisplatin-induced acute emesis. Cisplatin-induced delayed emesis, pregnancy-associated emesis, and emesis due to inner-ear dysfunction are not associated with elevated levels of 5-HIAA excretion. The serotonin pathway probably represents only one of many different afferent mechanisms capable of initiating the emesis cascade.
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PMID:The role of serotonin as a mediator of emesis induced by different stimuli. 852 Aug 73

AIDS patients over age twelve, with CD4 counts of fifty or less, and who meet other health status-related criteria will be eligible to participate in the Abbott Laboratories' ritonavir lottery program. About 2,000 patients worldwide with advanced AIDS will participate. A new drug formulation may help diminish commonly seen adverse effects of ritonavir, such as nausea and diarrhea. There are also a significant number of other drugs which have adverse interactions with ritonavir.
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PMID:2000 PWAs to get ritonavir via expanded access. 1136 98

The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee met February 27 to March 1, 1996. At the meeting, the FDA granted full approval of ritonavir for the treatment of advanced AIDS. Ritonavir manufacturer, Abbott Laboratories, characterized the drug as generally well-tolerated, with the most common side effects being nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The committee also recommended accelerated approval of Merck's protease inhibitor, indinavir. Results of several clinical studies and protocols are presented. The committee voted against somatropin (Serostim), the recombinant human growth hormone, for treatment of AIDS-related wasting syndrome. They cited too many gaps in the research data. The manufacturer, Serono, is currently negotiating with the FDA on the best way to pursue approval. The committee also unanimously recommended that ddI (Videx) be indicated as a first-line treatment for HIV. The drug appears to be superior to AZT in delaying disease progression and death.
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PMID:Highlights from the FDA antiviral drug advisory committee meetings, February 27-March 1, 1996. 1136 21

Ritonavir, Abbott Laboratories protease inhibitor, has been associated with nausea as a side effect. Abbott claims that the nausea subsides after several weeks of treatment. Taking the drug with a fat-rich meal may decrease nausea. Instructions on how to take the protease inhibitor to prevent gastrointestinal upset are provided.
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PMID:Starting ritonavir. 1136 7

ABT-378, a new drug from Abbott Laboratories, may hold promise for patients who are infected with drug-resistant HIV. ABT-378 made in a combination pill with ritonavir can suppress HIV viral loads to fewer than 400 copies/mL in 78 percent of protease inhibitor-experienced patients and 95 percent of treatment-naive patients. It is well tolerated, with the most common side effects being diarrhea, nausea, asthenia, and headaches. It is taken twice a day in a single pill; researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of taking it only once a day.
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PMID:Drug works in treatment-naive, experienced patients. 1136 88

We describe a case of unintentional poisoning from a cardioactive steroid and the subsequent analytic investigation. A 36-year-old woman with no past medical history and taking no conventional medications ingested an herbal preparation marketed for "internal cleansing." Its ingredients were neither known to the patient nor listed on the accompanying literature. The next morning, nausea, vomiting, and weakness developed. In the emergency department, her blood pressure was 110/60 mm Hg, and her pulse rate was 30 beats/min. Her ECG revealed a junctional rhythm at a rate of 30 beats/min and a digitalis effect on the ST segments. After empiric therapy with 10 vials of digoxin-specific Fab (Digibind), her symptoms resolved, and she reverted to a sinus rhythm at a rate of 68 beats/min. Her serum digoxin concentration measured by means of the fluorescence polarization immunoassay (Abbott TDx) was 1.7 ng/mL. Further serum analysis with the Tina Quant digoxin assay, a more digoxin-specific immunoassay, found a concentration of 0.34 ng/mL, and an enzyme immunoassay for digitoxin revealed a concentration of 20 ng/mL (therapeutic range 10 to 30 ng/mL). Serum analysis by means of high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of active digitoxin metabolites; the parent compound was not present. When the diagnosis of cardioactive steroid poisoning is suspected clinically, laboratory analysis can confirm the presence of cardioactive steroids by using immunoassays of varying specificity. An empiric dose of 10 vials of digoxin-specific Fab might be beneficial in patients poisoned with an unknown cardioactive steroid.
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PMID:Cardioactive steroid poisoning from an herbal cleansing preparation. 1260 8


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